the wars of the jews-第47章

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t　to　perfection；　had　made　it　impracticable　for　the　Romans　to　take　it　by　siege；　but　his　death；　which　happened　at　Cesarea；　before　he　had　raised　the　walls　to　their　due　height；　prevented　him。　He　had　then　reigned　three　years；　as　he　had　governed　his　tetrarchies　three　other　years。　He　left　behind　him　three　daughters；　born　to　him　by　Cypros；　Bernice；　Mariamne；　and　Drusilla；　and　a　son　born　of　the　same　mother；　whose　name　was　Agrippa：　he　was　left　a　very　young　child；　so　that　Claudius　made　the　country　a　Roman　province；　and　sent　Cuspius　Fadus　to　be　its　procurator；　and　after　him　Tiberius　Alexander；　who；　making　no　alterations　of　the　ancient　laws；　kept　the　nation　in　tranquillity。　Now　after　this；　Herod　the　king　of　Chalcis　died；　and　left　behind　him　two　sons；　born　to　him　of　his　brother's　daughter　Bernice；　their　names　were　Bernie　Janus　and　Hyrcanus。　＇He　also　left　behind　him＇　Aristobulus；　whom　he　had　by　his　former　wife　Mariamne。　There　was　besides　another　brother　of　his　that　died　a　private　person；　his　name　was　also　Aristobulus；　who　left　behind　him　a　daughter；　whose　name　was　Jotape：　and　these；　as　I　have　formerly　said；　were　the　children　of　Aristobulus　the　son　of　Herod；　which　Aristobulus　and　Alexander　were　born　to　Herod　by　Mariamne；　and　were　slain　by　him。　But　as　for　Alexander's　posterity；　they　reigned　in　Armenia。

CHAPTER　12。

Many　Tumults　Under　Cumanus；　Which　Were　Composed　By　Quadratus。　Felix　Is　Procurator　Of　Judea。　Agrippa　Is　Advanced　From　Chalcis　To　A　Greater　Kingdom。

1　Now　after　the　death　of　Herod；　king　of　Chalcis；　Claudius　set　Agrippa；　the　son　of　Agrippa；　over　his　uncle's　kingdom；　while　Cumanus　took　upon　him　the　office　of　procurator　of　the　rest；　which　was　a　Roman　province；　and　therein　he　succeeded　Alexander；　under　which　Cureanus　began　the　troubles；　and　the　Jews'　ruin　came　on；　for　when　the　multitude　were　come　together　to　Jerusalem；　to　the　feast　of　unleavened　bread；　and　a　Roman　cohort　stood　over　the　cloisters　of　the　temple；　（for　they　always　were　armed；　and　kept　guard　at　the　festivals；　to　prevent　any　innovation　which　the　multitude　thus　gathered　together　might　make；）　one　of　the　soldiers　pulled　back　his　garment；　and　cowering　down　after　an　indecent　manner；　turned　his　breech　to　the　Jews；　and　spake　such　words　as　you　might　expect　upon　such　a　posture。　At　this　the　whole　multitude　had　indignation；　and　made　a　clamor　to　Cumanus；　that　he　would　punish　the　soldier；　while　the　rasher　part　of　the　youth；　and　such　as　were　naturally　the　most　tumultuous；　fell　to　fighting；　and　caught　up　stones；　and　threw　them　at　the　soldiers。　Upon　which　Cumanus　was　afraid　lest　all　the　people　should　make　an　assault　upon　him；　and　sent　to　call　for　more　armed　men；　who；　when　they　came　in　great　numbers　into　the　cloisters；　the　Jews　were　in　a　very　great　consternation；　and　being　beaten　out　of　the　temple；　they　ran　into　the　city；　and　the　violence　with　which　they　crowded　to　get　out　was　so　great；　that　they　trod　upon　each　other；　and　squeezed　one　another；　till　ten　thousand　of　them　were　killed；　insomuch　that　this　feast　became　the　cause　of　mourning　to　the　whole　nation；　and　every　family　lamented　their　own　relations。

2。　Now　there　followed　after　this　another　calamity；　which　arose　from　a　tumult　made　by　robbers；　for　at　the　public　road　at　Beth…boron；　one　Stephen；　a　servant　of　Caesar；　carried　some　furniture；　which　the　robbers　fell　upon　and　seized。　Upon　this　Cureanus　sent　men　to　go　round　about　to　the　neighboring　villages；　and　to　bring　their　inhabitants　to　him　bound；　as　laying　it　to　their　charge　that　they　had　not　pursued　after　the　thieves；　and　caught　them。　Now　here　it　was　that　a　certain　soldier；　finding　the　sacred　book　of　the　law；　tore　it　to　pieces；　and　threw　it　into　the　fire。　（14）　Hereupon　the　Jews　were　in　great　disorder；　as　if　their　whole　country　were　in　a　flame；　and　assembled　themselves　so　many　of　them　by　their　zeal　for　their　religion；　as　by　an　engine；　and　ran　together　with　united　clamor　to　Cesarea；　to　Cumanus；　and　made　supplication　to　him　that　he　would　not　overlook　this　man；　who　had　offered　such　an　affront　to　God；　and　to　his　law；　but　punish　him　for　what　he　had　done。　Accordingly；　he；　perceiving　that　the　multitude　would　not　be　quiet　unless　they　had　a　comfortable　answer　from　him；　gave　order　that　the　soldier　should　be　brought；　and　drawn　through　those　that　required　to　have　him　punished；　to　execution；　which　being　done；　the　Jews　went　their　ways。

3。　After　this　there　happened　a　fight　between　the　Galileans　and　the　Samaritans；　it　happened　at　a　village　called　Geman；　which　is　situate　in　the　great　plain　of　Samaria；　where；　as　a　great　number　of　Jews　were　going　up　to　Jerusalem　to　the　feast　＇of　tabernacles；＇　a　certain　Galilean　was　slain；　and　besides；　a　vast　number　of　people　ran　together　out　of　Galilee；　in　order　to　fight　with　the　Samaritans。　But　the　principal　men　among　them　came　to　Cumanus；　and　besought　him　that；　before　the　evil　became　incurable；　he　would　come　into　Galilee；　and　bring　the　authors　of　this　murder　to　punishment；　for　that　there　was　no　other　way　to　make　the　multitude　separate　without　coming　to　blows。　However；　Cumanus　postponed　their　supplications　to　the　other　affairs　he　was　then　about；　and　sent　the　petitioners　away　without　success。

4。　But　when　the　affair　of　this　murder　came　to　be　told　at　Jerusalem；　it　put　the　multitude　into　disorder；　and　they　left　the　feast；　and　without　any　generals　to　conduct　them；　they　marched　with　great　violence　to　Samaria；　nor　would　they　be　ruled　by　any　of　the　magistrates　that　were　set　over　them；　but　they　were　managed　by　one　Eleazar；　the　son　of　Dineus；　and　by　Alexander；　in　these　their　thievish　and　seditious　attempts。　These　men　fell　upon　those　that　were　ill　the　neighborhood　of　the　Acrabatene　toparchy；　and　slew　them；　without　sparing　any　age；　and　set　the　villages　on　fire。　　5。　But　Cumanus　took　one　troop　of　horsemen；　called　the　troop　of　Sebaste；　out　of　Cesarea；　and　came　to　the　assistance　of　those　that　were　spoiled；　he　also　seized　upon　a　great　number　of　those　that　followed　Eleazar；　and　slew　more　of　them。　And　as　for　the　rest　of　the　multitude　of　those　that　went　so　zealously　to　fight　with　the　Samaritans；　the　rulers　of　Jerusalem　ran　out　clothed　with　sackcloth；　and　having　ashes　on　their　head；　and　begged　of　them　to　go　their　ways；　lest　by　their　attempt　to　revenge　themselves　upon　the　Samaritans　they　should　provoke　the　Romans　to　come　against　Jerusalem；　to　have　compassion　upon　their　country　and　temple；　their　children　and　their　wives；　and　not　bring　the　utmost　dangers　of　destruction　upon　them；　in　order　to　avenge　themselves　upon　one　Galilean　only。　The　Jews　complied　with　these　persuasions　of　theirs；　and　dispersed　themselves；　but　still　there　were　a　great　number　who　betook　themselves　to　robbing；　in　hopes　of　impunity；　and　rapines　and　insurrections　of　the　bolder　sort　happened　over　the　whole　country。　And　the　men　of　power　among　the　Samaritans　came　to　Tyre；　to　Ummidius　Quadratus；　（15）　the　president　of　Syria；　and　desired　that　they　that　had　laid　waste　the　country　might　be　punished：　the　great　men　also　of　the　Jews；　and　Jonathan　the　son　of　Ananus　the　high　priest；　came　thither；　and　said　that　the　Samaritans　were　the　beginners　of　the　disturbance；　on　account　of　that　murder　they　had　committed；　and　that　Cumanus　had　given　occasion　to　what　had　happened；　by　his　unwillingness　to　punish　the　original　authors　of　that　murder。

6。　But　Quadratus　put　both　parties　off　for　that　time；　and　told　them；　that　when　he　should　come　to　those　places；　he　would　make　a　diligent　inquiry　after　every　circumstance。　After　which　he　went　to　Cesarea；　and　crucified　all　those　whom　Cumanus　had　taken　alive；　and　when　from　thence　he　was　come　to　the　city　Lydda；　he　heard　the　affair　of　the　Samaritans；　and　sent　for　eighteen　of　the　Jews；　whom　he　had　learned　to　have　been　concerned　in　that　fight；　and　beheaded　them；　but　he　sent　two　others　of　those　that　were　of　the　greatest　power　among　them；　and　both　Jonathan　and　Ananias；　the　high　priests；　as　also　Artanus　the　son　of　this　Ananias；　and　certain　others　that　were　eminent　among　the　Jews；　to　Caesar；　as　he　did　in　like　manner　by　the　most　illustrious　of　the　Samaritans。　He　also　ordered　that　Cureanus　＇the　procurator＇　and　Celer　the　tribune　should　sail　to　Rome；　in　order　to　give　an　account　of　what　had　been　done　to　Caesar。　When　he　had　finished　these　matters；　he　went　up　from　Lydda　to　Jerusalem；　and　finding　the　multitude　celebrating　their　feas