the wars of the jews-第9章

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gether；　But　Being　Beaten　By　The　Romans；　He　Is　Brought　Back　To　Rome；　With　Other　Things　Relating　To　Gabinius；　Crassus　And　Cassius。

1。　In　the　mean　time；　Scaurus　made　an　expedition　into　Arabia；　but　was　stopped　by　the　difficulty　of　the　places　about　Petra。　However；　he　laid　waste　the　country　about　Pella；　though　even　there　he　was　under　great　hardship；　for　his　army　was　afflicted　with　famine。　In　order　to　supply　which　want；　Hyrcanus　afforded　him　some　assistance；　and　sent　him　provisions　by　the　means　of　Antipater；　whom　also　Scaurus　sent　to　Aretas；　as　one　well　acquainted　with　him；　to　induce　him　to　pay　him　money　to　buy　his　peace。　The　king　of　Arabia　complied　with　the　proposal；　and　gave　him　three　hundred　talents；　upon　which　Scaurus　drew　his　army　out　of　Arabia　（10）　　2。　But　as　for　Alexander；　that　son　of　Aristobulus　who　ran　away　from　Pompey；　in　some　time　he　got　a　considerable　band　of　men　together；　and　lay　heavy　upon　Hyrcanus；　and　overran　Judea；　and　was　likely　to　overturn　him　quickly；　and　indeed　he　had　come　to　Jerusalem；　and　had　ventured　to　rebuild　its　wall　that　was　thrown　down　by　Pompey；　had　not　Gabinius；　who　was　sent　as　successor　to　Scaurus　into　Syria；　showed　his　bravery；　as　in　many　other　points；　so　in　making　an　expedition　against　Alexander；　who；　as　he　was　afraid　that　he　would　attack　him；　so　he　got　together　a　large　army；　composed　of　ten　thousand　armed　footmen；　and　fifteen　hundred　horsemen。　He　also　built　walls　about　proper　places；　Alexandrium；　and　Hyrcanium；　and　Machorus；　that　lay　upon　the　mountains　of　Arabia。

3。　However；　Gabinius　sent　before　him　Marcus　Antonius；　and　followed　himself　with　his　whole　army；　but　for　the　select　body　of　soldiers　that　were　about　Antipater；　and　another　body　of　Jews　under　the　command　of　Malichus　and　Pitholaus；　these　joined　themselves　to　those　captains　that　were　about　Marcus　Antonius；　and　met　Alexander；　to　which　body　came　Oabinius　with　his　main　army　soon　afterward；　and　as　Alexander　was　not　able　to　sustain　the　charge　of　the　enemies'　forces；　now　they　were　joined；　he　retired。　But　when　he　was　come　near　to　Jerusalem；　he　was　forced　to　fight；　and　lost　six　thousand　men　in　the　battle；　three　thousand　of　which　fell　down　dead；　and　three　thousand　were　taken　alive；　so　he　fled　with　the　remainder　to　Alexandrium。

4。　Now　when　Gabinius　was　come　to　Alexandrium；　because　he　found　a　great　many　there　en…camped；　he　tried；　by　promising　them　pardon　for　their　former　offenses；　to　induce　them　to　come　over　to　him　before　it　came　to　a　fight；　but　when　they　would　hearken　to　no　terms　of　accommodation；　he　slew　a　great　number　of　them；　and　shut　up　a　great　number　of　them　in　the　citadel。　Now　Marcus　Antonius；　their　leader；　signalized　himself　in　this　battle；　who；　as　he　always　showed　great　courage；　so　did　he　never　show　it　so　much　as　now；　but　Gabinius；　leaving　forces　to　take　the　citadel；　went　away　himself；　and　settled　the　cities　that　had　not　been　demolished；　and　rebuilt　those　that　had　been　destroyed。　Accordingly；　upon　his　injunctions；　the　following　cities　were　restored：　Scythopolis；　and　Samaria；　and　Anthedon；　and　Apollonia；　and　Jamnia；　and　Raphia；　and　Mariassa；　and　Adoreus；　and　Gamala；　and　Ashdod；　and　many　others；　while　a　great　number　of　men　readily　ran　to　each　of　them；　and　became　their　inhabitants。

5。　When　Gabinius　had　taken　care　of　these　cities；　he　returned　to　Alexandrium；　and　pressed　on　the　siege。　So　when　Alexander　despaired　of　ever　obtaining　the　government；　he　sent　ambassadors　to　him；　and　prayed　him　to　forgive　what　he　had　offended　him　in；　and　gave　up　to　him　the　remaining　fortresses；　Hyrcanium　and　Macherus；　as　he　put　Alexandrium　into　his　hands　afterwards；　all　which　Gabinius　demolished；　at　the　persuasion　of　Alexander's　mother；　that　they　might　not　be　receptacles　of　men　in　a　second　war。　She　was　now　there　in　order　to　mollify　Gabinius；　out　of　her　concern　for　her　relations　that　were　captives　at　Rome；　which　were　her　husband　and　her　other　children。　After　this　Gabinius　brought　Hyrcanus　to　Jerusalem；　and　committed　the　care　of　the　temple　to　him；　but　ordained　the　other　political　government　to　be　by　an　aristocracy。　He　also　parted　the　whole　nation　into　five　conventions；　assigning　one　portion　to　Jerusalem；　another　to　Gadara；　that　another　should　belong　to　Amathus；　a　fourth　to　Jericho；　and　to　the　fifth　division　was　allotted　Sepphoris；　a　city　of　Galilee。　So　the　people　were　glad　to　be　thus　freed　from　monarchical　government；　and　were　governed　for　the　future　by　all　aristocracy。

6。　Yet　did　Aristobulus　afford　another　foundation　for　new　disturbances。　He　fled　away　from　Rome；　and　got　together　again　many　of　the　Jews　that　were　desirous　of　a　change；　such　as　had　borne　an　affection　to　him　of　old；　and　when　he　had　taken　Alexandrium　in　the　first　place；　he　attempted　to　build　a　wall　about　it；　but　as　soon　as　Gabinius　had　sent　an　army　against　him　under　Siscuria；　and　Antonius；　and　Servilius；　he　was　aware　of　it；　and　retreated　to　Macherus。　And　as　for　the　unprofitable　multitude；　he　dismissed　them；　and　only　marched　on　with　those　that　were　armed；　being　to　the　number　of　eight　thousand；　among　whom　was　Pitholaus；　who　had　been　the　lieutenant　at　Jerusalem；　but　deserted　to　Aristobulus　with　a　thousand　of　his　men；　so　the　Romans　followed　him；　and　when　it　came　to　a　battle；　Aristobulus's　party　for　a　long　time　fought　courageously；　but　at　length　they　were　overborne　by　the　Romans；　and　of　them　five　thousand　fell　down　dead；　and　about　two　thousand　fled　to　a　certain　little　hill；　but　the　thousand　that　remained　with　Aristobulus　brake　through　the　Roman　army；　and　marched　together　to　Macherus；　and　when　the　king　had　lodged　the　first　night　upon　its　ruins；　he　was　in　hopes　of　raising　another　army；　if　the　war　would　but　cease　a　while；　accordingly；　he　fortified　that　strong　hold；　though　it　was　done　after　a　poor　manner。　But　the　Romans　falling　upon　him；　he　resisted；　even　beyond　his　abilities；　for　two　days；　and　then　was　taken；　and　brought　a　prisoner　to　Gabinius；　with　Antigonus　his　son；　who　had　fled　away　together　with　him　from　Rome；　and　from　Gabinius　he　was　carried　to　Rome　again。　Wherefore　the　senate　put　him　under　confinement；　but　returned　his　children　back　to　Judea；　because　Gabinius　informed　them　by　letters　that　he　had　promised　Aristobulus's　mother　to　do　so；　for　her　delivering　the　fortresses　up　to　him。

7。　But　now　as　Gabinius　was　marching　to　the　war　against　the　Parthians；　he　was　hindered　by　Ptolemy；　whom；　upon　his　return　from　Euphrates；　he　brought　back　into　Egypt；　making　use　of　Hyrcanus　and　Antipater　to　provide　every　thing　that　was　necessary　for　this　expedition；　for　Antipater　furnished　him　with　money；　and　weapons；　and　corn；　and　auxiliaries；　he　also　prevailed　with　the　Jews　that　were　there；　and　guarded　the　avenues　at　Pelusium；　to　let　them　pass。　But　now；　upon　Gabinius's　absence；　the　other　part　of　Syria　was　in　motion；　and　Alexander；　the　son　of　Aristobulus；　brought　the　Jews　to　revolt　again。　Accordingly；　he　got　together　a　very　great　army；　and　set　about　killing　all　the　Romans　that　were　in　the　country；　hereupon　Gabinius　was　afraid；　（for　he　was　come　back　already　out　of　Egypt；　and　obliged　to　come　back　quickly　by　these　tumults；）　and　sent　Antipater；　who　prevailed　with　some　of　the　revolters　to　be　quiet。　However；　thirty　thousand　still　continued　with　Alexander；　who　was　himself　eager　to　fight　also；　accordingly；　Gabinius　went　out　to　fight；　when　the　Jews　met　him；　and　as　the　battle　was　fought　near　Mount　Tabor；　ten　thousand　of　them　were　slain；　and　the　rest　of　the　multitude　dispersed　themselves；　and　fled　away。　So　Gabinius　came　to　Jerusalem；　and　settled　the　government　as　Antipater　would　have　it；　thence　he　marched；　and　fought　and　beat　the　Nabateans：　as　for　Mithridates　and　Orsanes；　who　fled　out　of　Parthin；　he　sent　them　away　privately；　but　gave　it　out　among　the　soldiers　that　they　had　run　away。

8。　In　the　mean　time；　Crassus　came　as　successor　to　Gabinius　in　Syria。　He　took　away　all　the　rest　of　the　gold　belonging　to　the　temple　of　Jerusalem；　in　order　to　furnish　himself　for　his　expedition　against　the　Parthians。　He　also　took　away　the　two　thousand　talents　which　Pompey　had　not　touched；　but　when　he　had　passed　over　Euphrates；　he　perished　himself；　and　his　army　with　him；　concerning　which　affairs　this　is　not　a　proper　time　to　speak　＇more　largely＇。

9。　But　now　Cassius；　after　Crassus；　put　a　stop　to　the　Parthians；　who　were　marching　in　order　to　enter　Syria。　Cassius　had　f