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she stands accused(慢頁瓜御)-及19嫗

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men quarrelled。 

     That Overbury had knowledge of some such essential secret as this is 

manifest in the enmity towards the man which Lady Essex exhibited�察�even 

when he lay�察�out of the way of doing harm�察�in the Tower。                   It is hard to 

believe that an innocent girl of twenty�察�conscious of her virgin chastity�察�in 

mere fear of scandal which she knew would be baseless�察�could pursue the 

life   of   a   man   with   the   venom   that�察  �as   we   shall   presently   see�察  �Frances 

Howard used towards Overbury through Mrs Turner。 



     �ァ�V 



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     As a preliminary to his marriage with Frances Howard�察�Rochester was 

created Earl of Somerset�察�and had the barony of Brancepeth bestowed on 

him   by   the   King。    Overbury   was   three   months   in   his   grave   when   the 

marriage   was   celebrated   in   the   midst   of   the   most   extravagant   show   and 

entertainment。 

     The new Earl's power in the kingdom was never so high as at this time。 

It was�察�indeed�察�at its zenith。       Decline was soon to set in。         It will not serve 

here    to  follow    the  whole    process    of  decay    in  the   King's   favour    that 

Somerset       was   now    to   experience。      There     was   poetic    justice   in  his 

downfall。      With hands all about him itching to bring him to the ground�察�

he had not the brain for the giddy heights。             If behind him there had been 

the man whose guidance had made him sure´footed in the climb he might 

have survived�察�flourishing。          But the man he had consigned to death had 

been more than half of him�察�had been�察�indeed�察�his substance。                  Alone�察�with 

the power Overbury's talents had brought him�察�Somerset was bound to fail。 

The irony of it is that his downfall was contrived by a creature of his own 

raising。 

     Somerset   had   appointed   Sir   Ralph   Winwood   to   the   office   of   First 

Secretary of State。       In that office word came to Winwood from Brussels 

that   new   light   had   been   thrown   on   the   mysterious   death   of   Sir   Thomas 

Overbury。       Winwood investigated in secret。           An English lad�察�one Reeves�察�

an    apothecary's      assistant�察  �thinking    himself     dying�察   �had   confessed     at 

Flushing   that   Overbury   had   been   poisoned   by   an   injection   of   corrosive 

sublimate。      Reeves   himself   had   given   the   injection   on   the   orders   of   his 

master�察  �Loubel�察  �the   apothecary   who   had   attended   Overbury   on   the   day 

before his death。       Winwood sought out Loubel�察�and from him went to Sir 

Gervase Elwes。         The story he was able to make from what he had from 

the two men he took to the King。             From this beginning rose up the Great 

Oyer of Poisoning。         The matter was put into the hands of the Lord Chief 

Justice�察�Sir Edward Coke。 

     The   lad   Reeves�察 �whose   confession had started the   matter�察 �was   either 

dead or dying abroad�察�and was so out of Coke's reach。                  But the man who 

had   helped   the   lad   to   administer   the   poisoned   clyster�察  �the   under´keeper 

Weston�察     �was   at  hand。    Weston     was    arrested�察  �and   examined      by  Coke。 



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The statement Coke's bullying drew from the man made mention of one 

Franklin�察�another apothecary�察�as having supplied a phial which Sir Gervase 

Elwes   had   taken   and   thrown   away。      Weston   had   also   received   another 

phial   by   Franklin's   son   from   Lady   Essex。      This   also   Sir   Gervase   had 

taken   and   destroyed。     Then   there   had been   tarts   and   jellies supplied   by 

Mrs Turner。 

     Coke had Mrs Turner and Franklin arrested�察�and after that Sir Gervase 

was   taken   as   an   accessory�察  �and   on   his   statement   that   he   had   employed 

Weston   on   Sir  Thomas   Monson's   recommendation   Sir Thomas   also   was 

roped in。     He maintained that he had been told to recommend Weston by 

Lady Essex and the Earl of Northampton。 

     The next person to be examined by Coke was the apothecary Loubel�察�

he who had attended Overbury on the day before his death。                      Though in 

his confession the lad Reeves said that he had been given money and sent 

abroad by Loubel�察�this was a matter that Coke did not probe。                 Loubel told 

Coke that he had given Overbury nothing but the physic prescribed by Sir 

Theodore Mayerne�察�the King's physician�察�and that in his opinion Overbury 

had   died of   consumption。        With   this   evidence  Coke  was   very  strangely 

contentor�察  �at   least�察  �content   as   far   as   Loubel   was   concerned�察  �for   this 

witness was not summoned again。 

     Other   persons   were   examined   by   Coke�察  �notably   Overbury's   servant 

Davies and his secretary Payton。            Their statements served to throw some 

suspicion on the Earl of Somerset。 

     But if all the detail of  these examinations were gone into we  should 

never   be   done。    Our   concern   is   with   the   two   women   involved�察  �Anne 

Turner   and   the   Countess   of   Somerset�察  �as   we   must   now   call   her。   I   am 

going to quote�察�however�察�two paragraphs from Rafael Sabatini's romance 

The Minion that I think may explain why it is so difficult to come to the 

truth of the Overbury mystery。            They indicate how it was smothered by 

the way in which Coke rough´handled justice throughout the whole series 

of trials。 

       On October 19th�察�at the Guildhall�察�began the Great Oyer of Poisoning�察�

as Coke described it�察�with the trial of Richard Weston。 

     Thus at the very outset the dishonesty of the proceedings is apparent。 



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Weston   was   an   accessory。       Both   on   his   own   evidence   and   that   of   Sir 

Gervase   Elwes�察  �besides   the   apothecary's         boy   in   Flushing�察  �Sir   Thomas 

Overbury       had   died   following     upon    an   injection    prepared    by   Loubel。 

Therefore   Loubel   was   the   principal�察  �and   only   after   Loubel's   conviction 

could the field have been extended to include Weston and the others。                     But 

Loubel was tried neither then nor subsequently�察�a circumstance regarded 

by many as the most mysterious part of what is known as the Overbury 

mystery�察�whereas�察�in fact�察�it is the clue to it。          Nor was the evidence of the 

coroner   put   in�察  �so   that   there   was   no   real   preliminary   formal   proof   that 

Overbury had been poisoned at all。 

       Here   Mr   Sabatini   is   concerned      to   develop    one   of   the   underlying 

arguments of his storynamely�察�that it was King James himself who had 

ultimately      engineered     the   death    of  Sir   Thomas      Overbury。      It   is  an 

argument   which   I   would   not   attempt   to   refute。     I   do   not   think   that   Mr 

Sabatini's acumen has failed him in the least。              But the point for me in the 

paragraphs is the indication they give of how much Coke did to suppress 

all evidence that did not suit his purpose。 

     Weston's trial is curious in that at first he refused to plead。                It is the 

first   instance   I   have   met   with in   history  of   a   prisoner standing   `mute   of 

malice。'     Coke read him a lecture on the subject�察�pointing out that by his 

obstinacy   he   was   making   himself   liable   to   peine   forte   et   dure�察  �which 

meant that order could be given for his exposure in an open place near the 

prison�察�extended

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