an account of egypt(娃式芝)-及11嫗
梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
come from Egypt。
Moreover�察�it is true also that the Egyptians were the first of men who
made solemn assemblies and processions and approaches to the temples�察�
and from them the Hellenes have learnt them�察�and my evidence for this is
that the Egyptian celebrations of these have been held from a very ancient
time�察�whereas the Hellenic were introduced but lately。 The Egyptians hold
their solemn assemblies not once in the year but often�察�especially and with
the greatest zeal and devotion at the city of Bubastis for Artemis�察�and next
at Busiris for Isis�察�for in this last´ named city there is a very great temple
of Isis�察�and this city stands in the middle of the Delta of Egypt�察�now Isis is
in the tongue of the Hellenes Demeter�此 �thirdly�察 �they have a solemn
assembly at the city of Sais for Athene�察�fourthly at Heliopolis for the Sun
��Helios���察�fifthly at the city of Buto in honour of Leto�察�and sixthly at the
city of Papremis for Ares。 Now�察 �when they are coming to the city of
Bubastis they do as follows��they sail men and women together�察 �and a
great multitude of each sex in every boat�察�and some of the women have
rattles and rattle with them�察�while some of the men play the flute during
the whole time of the voyage�察�and the rest�察�both women and men�察�sing and
clap their hands�察�and when as they sail they come opposite to any city on
the way they bring the boat to land�察�and some of the women continue to do
as I have said�察�others cry aloud and jeer at the women in that city�察�some
dance�察 �and some stand up and pull up their garments。 This they do by
every city along the river´bank�察�and when they come to Bubastis they hold
festival celebrating great sacrifices�察�and more wine of grapes is consumed
upon that festival than during the whole of the rest of the year。 To this
place ��so say the natives�� they come together year by year even to the
number of seventy myriads of men and women�察�besides children。 Thus it
is done here�察�and how they celebrate the festival in honour of Isis at the
city of Busiris has been told by me before�此 �for�察 �as I said�察 �they beat
themselves in mourning after the sacrifice�察 �all of them both men and
women�察�very many myriads of people�察�but for whom they beat themselves
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it is not permitted to me by religion to say�此�and so many as there are of the
Carians dwelling in Egypt do this even more than the Egyptians
themselves�察�inasmuch as they cut their foreheads also with knives�察�and by
this it is manifested that they are strangers and not Egyptians。 At the times
when they gather together at the city of Sais for their sacrifices�察 �on a
certain night they all kindle lamps many in number in the open air round
about the houses�察�now the lamps are saucers full of salt and oil mixed�察�and
the wick floats by itself on the surface�察 �and this burns during the whole
night�察�and to the festival is given the name /Lychnocaia/ ��the lighting of
lamps��。 Moreover those of the Egyptians who have not come to this
solemn assembly observe the night of the festival and themselves also
light lamps all of them�察 �and thus not in Sais alone are they lighted�察 �but
over all Egypt�此�and as to the reason why light and honour are allotted to
this night�察�about this there is a sacred story told。 To Heliopolis and Buto
they go year by year and do sacrifice only�此 �but at Papremis they do
sacrifice and worship as elsewhere�察�and besides that�察�when the sun begins
to go down while some few of the priests are occupied with the image of
the god�察�the greater number of them stand in the entrance of the temple
with wooden clubs�察 �and other persons to the number of more than a
thousand men with purpose to perform a vow�察 �these also having all of
them staves of wood�察 �stand in a body opposite to those�此 �and the image�察�
which is in a small shrine of wood covered over with gold�察�they take out
on the day before to another sacred building。 The few then who have been
left about the image�察�draw a wain with four wheels�察�which bears the shrine
and the image that is within the shrine�察�and the other priests standing in the
gateway try to prevent it from entering�察�and the men who are under a vow
come to the assistance of the god and strike them�察�while the others defend
themselves。 Then there comes to be a hard fight with staves�察 �and they
break one another's heads�察�and I am of opinion that many even die of the
wounds they receive�察 �the Egyptians however told me that no one died。
This solemn assembly the people of the place say that they established for
the following reason��the mother of Ares�察�they say�察�used to dwell in this
temple�察�and Ares�察�having been brought up away from her�察�when he grew
up came thither desiring to visit his mother�察 �and the attendants of his
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mother's temple�察�not having seen him before�察�did not permit him to pass in�察�
but kept him away�察�and he brought men to help him from another city and
handled roughly the attendants of the temple�察 �and entered to visit his
mother。 Hence�察�they say�察�this exchange of blows has become the custom in
honour of Ares upon his festival。
The Egyptians were the first who made it a point of religion not to lie
with women in temples�察�nor to enter into temples after going away from
women without first bathing�此 �for almost all other men except the
Egyptians and the Hellenes lie with women in temples and enter into a
temple after going away from women without bathing�察�since they hold that
there is no difference in this respect between men and beasts�此�for they say
that they see beasts and the various kinds of birds coupling together both
in the temples and in the sacred enclosures of the gods�察�if then this were
not pleasing to the god�察�the beasts would not do so。
Thus do these defend that which they do�察�which by me is disallowed�此�
but the Egyptians are excessively careful in their observances�察 �both in
other matters which concern the sacred rites and also in those which
follow��Egypt�察�though it borders upon Libya�察�does not very much abound
in wild animals�察�but such as they have are one and all accounted by them
sacred�察�some of them living with men and others not。 But if I should say
for what reasons the sacred animals have been thus dedicated�察�I should fall
into discourse of matters pertaining to the gods�察�of which I most desire not
to speak�察�and what I have actually said touching slightly upon them�察�I said
because I was constrained by necessity。 About these animals there is a
custom of this kind�此�persons have been appointed of the Egyptians�察�both
men and women�察�to provide the food for each kind of beast separately�察�and
their office goes down from father to son�察 �and those who dwell in the
various cities perform vows to them thus�察�that is�察�when they make a vow to
the god to whom the animal belongs�察�they shave the head of their children
either the whole or the half or the third part of it�察�and then set the hair in
the balance against silver�察�and whatever it weighs�察�this the man gives to
the person who provides for the animals�察 �and she