an account of egypt(娃式芝)-及17嫗
梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
there as settlers in the land�察�or whether some of his soldiers were wearied
by his distant marches and remained by the river Phasis。 For the people of
Colchis are evidently Egyptian�察 �and this I perceived for myself before I
heard it from others。 So when I had come to consider the matter I asked
them both�察 �and the Colchians had remembrance of the Egyptians more
46
´ Page 47´
AN ACCOUNT OF EGYPT
than the Egyptians of the Colchians�察�but the Egyptians said they believed
that the Colchians were a portion of the army of Sesostris。 That this was so
I conjectured myself not only because they are dark´skinned and have
curly hair ��this of itself amounts to nothing�察�for there are other races which
are so���察 �but also still more because the Colchians�察 �Egyptians�察 �and
Ethiopians alone of all the races of men have practised circumcision from
the first。 The Phenicians and the Syrians who dwell in Palestine confess
themselves that they have learnt it from the Egyptians�察 �and the Syrians
about the river Thermodon and the river Parthenios�察�and the Macronians�察�
who are their neighbors�察 �say that they have learnt it lately from the
Colchians。 These are the only races of men who practise circumcision�察�and
these evidently practise it in the same manner as the Egyptians。 Of the
Egyptians themselves however and the Ethiopians�察 �I am not able to say
which learnt from the other�察�for undoubtedly it is a most ancient custom�察�
but that the other nations learnt it by intercourse with the Egyptians�察�this
among others is to me a strong proof�察�namely that those of the Phenicians
who have intercourse with Hellas cease to follow the example of the
Egyptians in this matter�察�and do not circumcise their children。 Now let me
tell another thing about the Colchians to show how they resemble the
Egyptians��they alone work flax in the same fashion as the Egyptians�察�and
the two nations are like one another in their whole manner of living and
also in their language�此�now the linen of Colchis is called by the Hellenes
Sardonic�察�whereas that from Egypt is called Egyptian。 The pillars which
Sesostris king of Egypt set up in the various countries are for the most part
no longer to be seen extant�察 �but in Syria Palestine I myself saw them
existing with the inscription upon them which I have mentioned and the
emblem。 Moreover in Ionia there are two figures of this man carved upon
rocks�察 �one on the road by which one goes from the land of Ephesos to
Phocaia�察�and the other on the road from Sardis to Smyrna。 In each place
there is a figure of a man cut in the rock�察 �of four cubits and a span in
height�察�holding in his right hand a spear and in his left a bow and arrows�察�
and the other equipment which he has is similar to this�察 �for it is both
Egyptian and Ethiopian�此�and from the one shoulder to the other across the
breast runs an inscription carved in sacred Egyptian characters�察 �saying
47
´ Page 48´
AN ACCOUNT OF EGYPT
thus�察 �This land with my shoulders I won for myself。; But who he is and
from whence�察�he does not declare in these places�察�though in other places
he had declared this。 Some of those who have seen these carvings
conjecture that the figure is that of Memnon�察�but herein they are very far
from the truth。
As this Egyptian Sesostris was returning and bringing back many men
of the nations whose lands he had subdued�察�when he came ��said the priests��
to Daphnai in the district of Pelusion on his journey home�察�his brother to
whom Sesostris had entrusted the charge of Egypt invited him and with
him his sons to a feast�察�and then he piled the house round with brushwood
and set it on fire�此 �and Sesostris when he discovered this forthwith took
counsel with his wife�察�for he was bringing with him ��they said�� his wife
also�察 �and she counselled him to lay out upon the pyre two of his sons�察�
which were six in number�察�and so to make a bridge over the burning mass�察�
and that they passing over their bodies should thus escape。 This�察�they said�察�
Sesostris did�察�and two of his sons were burnt to death in this manner�察�but
the rest got away safe with their father。 Then Sesostris�察�having returned to
Egypt and having taken vengeance on his brother employed the multitude
which he had brought in of those who whose lands he had subdued�察 �as
follows�此�these were they drew the stones which in the reign of this king
were brought to the temple of Hephaistos�察 �being of very good size�察 �and
also these were compelled to dig all the channels which now are in Egypt�察�
and thus ��having no such purpose�� they caused Egypt�察�which before was
all fit for riding and driving�察�to be no longer fit for this from thenceforth�此�
for from that time forward Egypt�察�though it is plain land�察�has become all
unfit for riding and driving�察�and the cause has been these channels�察�which
are many and run in all directions。 But the reason why the king cut up the
land was this�察�namely because those of the Egyptians who had their cities
not on the river but in the middle of the country�察�being in want of water
when the river went down from them�察�found their drink brackish because
they had it from wells。 For this reason Egypt was cut up�此�and they said that
this king distributed the land to all the Egyptians�察�giving an equal square
portion to each man�察�and from this he made his revenue�察�having appointed
them to pay a certain rent every year�此�and if the river should take away
48
´ Page 49´
AN ACCOUNT OF EGYPT
anything from any man's portion�察�he would come to the king and declare
that which had happened�察�and the king used to send men to examine and to
find out by measurement how much less the piece of land had become�察�in
order that for the future the man might pay less�察�in proportion to the rent
appointed�此 �and I think that thus the art of geometry was found out and
afterwards came into Hellas also。 For as touching the sun´dial and the
gnomon and the twelve divisions of the day�察 �they were learnt by the
Hellenes from the Babylonians。 He moreover alone of all the Egyptian
kings had rule over Ethiopia�察�and he left as memorials of himself in front
of the temple of Hephaistos two stone statues of thirty cubits each�察�
representing himself and his wife�察 �and others of twenty cubits each
representing his four sons�此 �and long afterwards the priest of Hephaistos
refused to permit Dareios the Persian to set up a statue of himself in front
of them�察�saying that deeds had not been done by him equal to those which
were done by Sesostris the Egyptian�察 �for Sesostris had subdued other
nations besides�察�not fewer than he�察�and also the Scythians�察�but Dareios had
not been able to conquer the Scythians�此�wherefore it was not just that he
should set up a statue in front of those which Sesostris had dedicated�察�if he
did not surpass him in his deeds。 Which speech�察�they say�察�Dareios took in
good part。
Now after Sesostris had brought his life to an end�察�his son Pheros�察�they
told me�察 �received in succession the kingdom�察 �and he ma