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第56章

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extent of my ability; repel force by force。  In case it proves true

that Fort Sumter has been assaulted; as is reported; I shall perhaps

cause the United States mails to be withdrawn from all the States

which claim to have seceded; believing that the commencement of

actual war against the Government justifies and possibly demands

this。



I scarcely need to say that I consider the military posts and

property situated within the States which claim to have seceded as

yet belonging to the Government of the United States as much as they

did before the supposed secession。



Whatever else I may do for the purpose; I shall not attempt to

collect the duties and imposts by any armed invasion of any part of

the country; not meaning by this; however; that I may not land a

force deemed necessary to relieve a fort upon a border of the

country。



》From the fact that I have quoted a part of the inaugural address; it

must not be inferred that I repudiate any other part; the whole of

which I reaffirm; except so far as what I now say of the mails may be

regarded as a modification。









PROCLAMATION CALLING FOR 75;000 MILITIA; AND CONVENING CONGRESS IN

EXTRA SESSION;  APRIL 15; 1861。



BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF

AMERICA:



A Proclamation。



Whereas the laws of the United States have been for some time past

and now are opposed; and the execution thereof obstructed; in the

States of South Carolina; Georgia; Alabama; Florida; Mississippi;

Louisiana; and Texas; by combinations too powerful to be suppressed

by the ordinary course of judicial proceedings; or by the powers

vested in the marshals bylaw:



Now; therefore; I; ABRAHAM LINCOLN; President of the United States;

in virtue of the power in me vested by the Constitution and the laws;

have thought fit to call forth; and hereby do call forth; the militia

of the several States of the Union; to the aggregate number of

seventy…five thousand; in order to suppress said combinations; and to

cause the laws to be duly executed。



The details for this object will be immediately communicated to the

State authorities through the War Department。



I appeal to all loyal citizens to favor; facilitate; and aid this

effort to maintain the honor; the integrity; and the existence of our

National Union; and the perpetuity of popular government; and to

redress wrongs already long enough endured。



I deem it proper to say that the first service assigned to the forces

hereby called forth will probably be to repossess the forts; places;

and property which have been seized from the Union; and in every

event the utmost care will be observed; consistently with the objects

aforesaid; to avoid any devastation; any destruction of or

interference with property; or any disturbance of peaceful citizens

in any part of the country。



And I hereby command the persons composing the combinations aforesaid

to disperse and retire peacefully to their respective abodes within

twenty days from date。



Deeming that the present condition of public affairs presents an

extraordinary occasion; I do hereby; in virtue of the power in me

vested by the Constitution; convene both Houses of Congress。

Senators and Representatives are therefore summoned to assemble at

their respective chambers; at twelve o'clock noon; on Thursday; the

fourth day of July next; then and there to consider and determine

such measures as; in their wisdom; the public safety and interest may

seem to demand。



In witness whereof; I have hereunto set my hand; and caused the seal

of the United States to be affixed。



Done at the city of Washington; this fifteenth day of April; in the

year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty…one; and of the

independence of the United States the eighty…fifth。



ABRAHAM LINCOLN



By the President:

WILLIAM H。 SEWARD;

Secretary of State。









PROCLAMATION OF BLOCKADE; APRIL 19; 1861



BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF



AMERICA:



A Proclamation。



Whereas an insurrection against the Government of the United States

has broken out in the States of South Carolina; Georgia; Alabama;

Florida; Mississippi; Louisiana; and Texas; and the laws of the

United States for the collection of the revenue cannot be effectually

executed therein conformably to that provision of the Constitution

which requires duties to be uniform throughout the United States:



And Whereas a combination of persons engaged in such insurrection

have threatened to grant pretended letters of marque to authorize the

bearers thereof to commit assaults on the lives; vessels; and

property of good citizens of the country lawfully engaged in commerce

on the high seas; and in waters of the United States:



And Whereas an executive proclamation has been already issued

requiring the persons engaged in these disorderly proceedings to

desist therefrom; calling out a militia force for the purpose of

repressing the same; and convening Congress in extraordinary session

to deliberate and determine thereon:



Now; therefore; I; Abraham LINCOLN; President of the United States;

with a view to the same purposes before mentioned; and to the

protection of the public peace; and the lives and property of quiet

and orderly citizens pursuing their lawful occupations; until

Congress shall have assembled and deliberated on the said unlawful

proceedings; or until the same shall have ceased; have further deemed

it advisable to set on foot a blockade of the ports within the States

aforesaid; in pursuance of the laws of the United States; and of the

law of nations in such case provided。  For this purpose a competent

force will be posted so as to prevent entrance and exit of vessels

from the ports aforesaid。  If; therefore; with a view to violate such

blockade; a vessel shall approach or shall attempt to leave either of

the said ports; she will be duly warned by the commander of one of

the blockading vessels; who will indorse on her register the fact and

date of such warning; and if the same vessel shall again attempt to

enter or leave the blockaded port; she will be captured and sent to

the nearest convenient port; for such proceedings against her and her

cargo; as prize; as may be deemed advisable。



And I hereby proclaim and declare that if any person; under the

pretended authority of the said States; or under any other pretense;

shall molest a vessel of the United States; or the persons or cargo

on board of her; such person will be held amenable to the laws of the

United States for the prevention and punishment of piracy。



In witness whereof; I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal

of the United States to be affixed。



Done at the city of Washington; this nineteenth day of April; in the

year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty…one; and of the

independence of the United States the eighty…fifth。



ABRAHAM LINCOLN。



By the President:

WILLIAM H。 SEWARD;

Secretary of State。









TO GOVERNOR HICKS AND MAYOR BROWN。



WASHINGTON; April 20; 1861



GOVERNOR HICKS AND MAYOR BROWN。



GENTLEMEN:Your letter by Messrs。  Bond; Dobbin; and Brune is

received。  I tender you both my sincere thanks for your efforts to

keep the peace in the trying situation in which you are placed。



For the future troops must be brought here; but I make no point of

bringing them through Baltimore。  Without any military knowledge

myself; of course I must leave details to General Scott。  He hastily

said this morning in the presence of these gentlemen; 〃March them

around Baltimore; and not through it。〃 I sincerely hope the General;

on fuller reflection; will consider this practical and proper; and

that you will not object to it。  By this a collision of the people of

Baltimore with the troops will be avoided; unless they go out of

their way to seek it。  I hope you will exert your influence to

prevent this。




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