memoirs of general william t. sherman-1-第122章
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ters behind the levee; as I was compelled to keep in sight of the bayou to hold direction。 Something over half…way along Morgan's division front; the commander of a Kentucky regiment hailed me and said he must have support; as he was threatened by a masked battery; and the enemy was in force in his front; and might cross any moment。 I answered; rather shortly; 'How the devil do you know there is a masked battery? If you can't get over; how can the rebels get at you?' He insisted on the battery; and danger。 I finally told him the bayou was utterly impassable there; but; if he insisted the enemy could cross; I would insist on an advance on our side at that point。 Hurrying on to make up lost time; I soon reached Morgan。 He was making encouraging speeches in a general way; but stopped to ask me questions as to Steele's rank; date of commission; etc。 I was very much disturbed at this; fearing want of harmony; and rode on to Steele; whom I found cursing Morgan so fiercely that I could not exactly make out the source of the trouble; or reason why; but saw want of concert clearly enough。 I hastened back to General Sherman; and endeavored to impress my ideas on him and my fears; but; while he admitted the facts; he could not be made to believe that any jealousy or personal quarrel could lead to a failure to support each other; and a neglect of duty。 The signal for attack had already been given; and the artillery had opened; when I left him again for Morgan's front。 I found Morgan where I left him; and the troops advancing。 I had understood that he was to lead his division; and asked about it; but; getting no satisfaction; pushed for the front; crossing the slough at the little bridge at the head of the bayou。 I found the willows cut off eighteen inches or two feet long; with sharp points above the mud; making it slow and difficult to pass; save at the bridge。 I overtook the rear of the advance about two or three hundred feet up the gentle slope; and was astonished to find how small a force was making the attack。 I was also surprised to find that they were Steele's men instead of Morgan's。 I also saw several regiments across the bayou; but not advancing; they were near the levee。 A heavy artillery and infantry fire was going on all this time。 While making my way along the column; from which there were very few falling back; a shell burst near me; and the concussion confused me at the time and left me with a headache for several months。 When I got my wits about me again I found a good many coming back; but the main part of the force was compact and keeping up the fight。 I did not get closer to the woods than about five hundred feet; and found that a large number had penetrated into the enemy's works。 When our men fell back; very few ran; but came slowly and sullenly; far more angry than frightened。 I found General Frank Blair on foot; and with him Colonel Sea; of Southwest Missouri; and learned that Colonel Thomas Fletcher; afterward Governor of Missouri; was captured with many of his men。 They both insisted there on the spot; with those around us; that if all the men ordered up had gone up; or even all that crossed the bayou had moved forward; we could have readily established ourselves in the enemy's works。 I was firmly of the same opinion at the time on the ground; and; an entrance effected; we could have brought the whole force on dry ground; and had a base of operations against Vicksburgthough probably; in view of later events; we would have had to stand a siege from Pemberton's army。 After explanations with Blair; I rode to where the men were; who had crossed the bayou; but had not advanced with the others。 I found them to be De Courcey's brigade; of Morgan's division; which General Sherman supposed to be in advance。 In fact; it was the intended support that made the attack。 A correspondence and controversy followed between General Blair and Colonel De Courcey; most of which I have; but nothing came of it。 On reaching the bayou; I found that Thayer's brigade; of Steele's division; had in some way lost its direction and filed off to the right。 Remembering the masked battery; I suspected that had something to do with the matter; and; on following it up; I learned that the Kentucky colonel before mentioned had appealed for aid against the masked battery and invisible force of rebels; and that a regiment had been ordered to him。 This regiment; filing off into the timber; had been followed by Thayer's brigade; supposing it to be advancing to the front; and thus left a single brigade to attack a superior force of the enemy in an intrenched and naturally strong position。 By the time the mistake could be rectified; it was too late。 Our loss was from one hundred and fifty to two hundred killed; and about eleven hundred prisoners and wounded。 During the afternoon I went with a flag of truce; with reference to burying the dead。 I saw between eighty and one hundred of our men dead; all stripped。 There were others closer into the enemy's works than I was allowed to go。 On going later to where the Sixth Missouri crossed; I found that they were under the bank; and had dug in with their hands and bayonets; or anything in reach; to protect themselves from a vertical fire from the enemy overhead; who had a heavy force there。 With great difficulty they were withdrawn at night。 Next day arrangements were made to attempt a lodgment below Haines's Bluff: This was to be done by Steele's command; while the rest of the force attacked again where we had already tried。 During the day locomotives whistled; and a great noise and fuss went on in our front; and we supposed that Grant was driving in Pemberton; and expected firing any moment up the Yazoo or in the rear of Vicksburg。 Not hearing this; we concluded that Pemberton was throwing his forces into Vicksburg。 A heavy fog prevented Steele from making his movement。 Rain began to fall; and our location was not good to be in after a heavy rain; or with the river rising。 During the night (I think) of January; 1; 1863; our troops were embarked; material and provisions having been loaded during the day。 A short time before daylight of the 2d; I went by order of the general commanding; to our picket lines and carefully examined the enemy's lines; wherever a camp…fire indicated their presence。 They were not very vigilant; and I once got close enough to hear them talk; but could understand nothing。 Early in the morning I came in with the rear…guard; the enemy advancing his pickets and main guards only; and making no effort at all to press us。 Once I couldn't resist the temptation to fire into a squad that came bolder than the rest; and the two shots were good ones。 We received a volley in return that did come very close among us; but hurt none of my party。 Very soon after our rear…guard was aboard; General Sherman learned from Admiral Porter that McClernand had arrived at the month of the Yazoo。 He went; taking me and one other staff…officer; to see McClernand; and found that; under an order from the President; he had taken command of the Army of the Mississippi。 He and his staff; of whom I only remember two…Colonels Scates and Braham; assistant adjutant…general and aide…de…campseemed to think they had a big thing; and; so far as I could judge; they had just that。 All hands thought the country expected them to cut their way to the Gulf; and to us; who had just come out of the swamp; the cutting didn't seem such an easy job as to the new…comers。 Making due allowance for the elevation they seemed to feel in view of their job; everything passed off pleasantly; and we learned that General Grant's communications had been cut at Holly Springs by the capture of Murphy and his force (at Holly Springs); and that he was either in Memphis by that time or would soon be。 So that; everything considered; it was about as well that we did not get our forces on the bluff's of Walnut Hill。〃
The above statement was sent to General Sherman in a letter dated 〃Chicago; February 5;1876;〃 and signed 〃John H。 Hammond。〃 Hammond was General Sherman's assistant adjutant…general at the Chickasaw Bayou。 J。 E。 TOURTELOTTE; Colonel and Aide…de…Camp。
On 29th December; 1862; at Chickasaw Bayo