memoirs of general william t. sherman-1-第41章
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ying that it was literally a copy of one he had sent to Governor Johnson； who would doubtless give me a copy； but I insisted that I had made a written communication； and was entitled to a written answer。
At that moment several gentlemen of the 〃Conciliation party；〃 who had come up in the same steamer with me； asked for admission and came in。 I recall the names of Crockett； Foote； Bailey Peyton； Judge Thornton； Donohue； etc。； and the conversation became general； Wool trying to explain away the effect of our misunderstanding； taking good pains not to deny his promise made to me personally on the wharf。 I renewed my application for the letter addressed to me； then lying on his table。 On my statement of the case； Bailey Peyton said； 〃General Wool； I think General Sherman has a right to a written answer from you； for he is surely compromised。〃 Upon this Wool handed me the letter。 I opened and read it； and it denied any promise of arms； but otherwise was extremely evasive and non…committal。 I had heard of the arrival at the wharf of the Governor and party； and was expecting them at Wool's room； but； instead of stopping at the hotel where we were； they passed to another hotel on the block above。 I went up and found there； in a room on the second floor over the bar…room； Governor Johnson； Chief…Justice Terry； Jones； of Palmer； Cooke & Co。； E。 D。 Baker； Volney E。 Howard； and one or two others。 All were talking furiously against Wool； denouncing him as a d…d liar； and not sparing the severest terms。 I showed the Governor General Wool's letter to me； which he said was in effect the same as the one addressed to and received by him at Sacramento。 He was so offended that he would not even call on General Wool； and said he would never again recognize him as an officer or gentleman。 We discussed matters generally； and Judge Terry said that the Vigilance Committee were a set of d…d pork…merchants； that they were getting scared； and that General Wool was in collusion with them to bring the State into contempt； etc。 I explained that there were no arms in the State except what General Pool had； or what were in the hands of the Vigilance Committee of San Francisco； and that the part of wisdom for us was to be patient and cautious。 About that time Crockett and his associates sent up their cards； but Terry and the more violent of the Governor's followers denounced them as no better than 〃Vigilantes；〃 and wanted the Governor to refuse even to receive them。 I explained that they were not 〃Vigilantes；〃 that Judge Thornton was a 〃Law…and…Order〃 man； was one of the first to respond to the call of the sheriff； and that he went actually to the jail with his one arm the night we expected the first attempt at rescue； etc。 Johnson then sent word for them to reduce their business to writing。 They simply sent in a written request for an audience； and they were then promptly admitted。 After some general conversation； the Governor said he was prepared to hear them； when Mr。 Crockett rose and made a prepared speech embracing a clear and fair statement of the condition of things in San Francisco； concluding with the assertion of the willingness of the committee to disband and submit to trial after a certain date not very remote。 All the time Crockett was speaking； Terry sat with his hat on； drawn over his eyes； and with his feet on a table。 As soon as Crockett was through； they were dismissed； and Johnson began to prepare a written answer。 This was scratched； altered； and amended； to suit the notions of his counselors； and at last was copied and sent。 This answer amounted to little or nothing。 Seeing that we were powerless for good； and that violent counsels would prevail under the influence of Terry and others； I sat down at the table； and wrote my resignation； which Johnson accepted in a complimentary note on the spot； and at the same time he appointed to my place General Volney E。 Howard； then present； a lawyer who had once been a member of Congress from Texas； and who was expected to drive the d…d pork…merchants into the bay at short notice。 I went soon after to General Wool's room； where I found Crockett and the rest of his party； told them that I was out of the fight； having resigned my commission； that I had neglected business that had been intrusted to me by my St。 Louis partners； and that I would thenceforward mind my own business； and leave public affairs severely alone。 We all returned to San Francisco that night by the Stockton boat； and I never after…ward had any thing to do with politics in California； perfectly satisfied with that short experience。 Johnson and Wool fought out their quarrel of veracity in the newspapers and on paper。 But； in my opinion； there is not a shadow of doubt that General Wool did deliberately deceive us； that he had authority to issue arms； and that； had he adhered to his promise； we could have checked the committee before it became a fixed institution； and a part of the common law of California。 Major…General Volney E。 Howard came to San Francisco soon after； continued the organization of militia which I had begun； succeeded in getting a few arms from the country； but one day the Vigilance Committee sallied from their armories； captured the arms of the 〃Law…and…Order party；〃 put some of their men into prison； while General Howard； with others； escaped to the country； after which the Vigilance Committee had it all their own way。 Subsequently； in July； 1856； they arrested Chief…Justice Terry； and tried him for stabbing one of their constables； but he managed to escape at night； and took refuge on the John Adams。 In August； they hanged Hetherington and Brace in broad daylight； without any jury…trial； and； soon after； they quietly disbanded。 As they controlled the press； they wrote their own history； and the world generally gives them the credit of having purged San Francisco of rowdies and roughs； but their success has given great stimulus to a dangerous principle； that would at any time justify the mob in seizing all the power of government； and who is to say that the Vigilance Committee may not be composed of the worst； instead of the best； elements of a community？ Indeed； in San Francisco； as soon as it was demonstrated that the real power had passed from the City Hall to the committee room； the same set of bailiffs； constables； and rowdies that had infested the City Hall were found in the employment of the 〃Vigilantes；〃 and； after three months experience； the better class of people became tired of the midnight sessions and left the business and power of the committee in the hands of a court； of which a Sydney man was reported to be the head or chief…justice。
During the winter of 1855…'56； and indeed throughout the year 1856； all kinds of business became unsettled in California。 The mines continued to yield about fifty millions of gold a year； but little attention was paid to agriculture or to any business other than that of 〃mining；〃 and； as the placer…gold was becoming worked out； the miners were restless and uneasy； and were shifting about from place to place； impelled by rumors put afloat for speculative purposes。 A great many extensive enterprises by joint…stock companies had been begun； in the way of water…ditches； to bring water from the head of the mountain…streams down to the richer alluvial deposits； and nearly all of these companies became embarrassed or bankrupt。 Foreign capital； also； which had been attracted to California by reason of the high rates of interest； was being withdrawn； or was tied up in property which could not be sold； and； although our bank's having withstood the panic gave us great credit； still the community itself was shaken； and loans of money were risky in the extreme。 A great many merchants； of the highest name； availed themselves of the extremely liberal bankrupt law to get discharged of their old debts； without sacrificing much； if any； of their stocks of goods on hand； except a lawyer's fee； thus realizing Martin Burke's saying that 〃many a clever fellow had been ruined by paying his debts。〃 The merchants and business…men of San Francisco did not intend to be ruined by such a course。 I raised the rate of exchange from three to three and a half； wh
