memoirs of general william t. sherman-1-第84章
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H。 W。 HALLECK； General…in。…Chief。
I wish you world come over this evening and stay to…night； or come in the morning。 I would like to talk with you about this matter。 My notion is to send two divisions back to Memphis； and fix upon a day when they should effect a landing； and press from here with this command at the proper time to cooperate。 If I do not do this I will move our present force to Grenada； including Steele's； repairing road as we proceed； and establish a depot of provisions there。 When a good ready is had； to move immediately on Jackson； Mississippi； cutting loose from the road。 Of the two plans I look most favorably on the former。
Come over and we will talk this matter over。 Yours truly；
U。 S。 GRANT； Major…General。
I repaired at once to Oxford； and found General Grant in a large house with all his staff； and we discussed every possible chance。 He explained to me that large reenforcements had been promised； which would reach Memphis very soon； if not already there； that the entire gunboat fleet； then under the command of Admiral D。 D。 Porter； would cooperate； that we could count on a full division from the troops at Helena； and he believed that； by a prompt movement； I could make a lodgment up the Yazoo and capture Vicksburg from the rear； that its garrison was small； and he； at Oxford； would so handle his troops as to hold Pemberton away from Vicksburg。 I also understood that； if Pemberton should retreat south； he would follow him up； and would expect to find me at the Yazoo River； if not inside of Vicksburg。 I confess； at that moment I did not dream that General McClernand； or anybody else； was scheming for the mere honor of capturing Vicksburg。 We knew at the time that General Butler had been reenforced by General Banks at New Orleans； and the latter was supposed to be working his way up…stream from New Orleans； while we were working down。 That day General Grant dispatched to General Halleck； in Washington； as follows：
OXFORD； December 8； 1862。
Major…General H。 W。 HALLECK； Washington； D。 C。：
General Sherman will command the expedition down the Mississippi。 He will have a force of about forty thousand men； will land above Vicksbnrg （up the Yazoo； if practicable）； and out the Mississippi Central road and the road running east from Vicksburg； where they cross Black River。 I will cooperate from here； my movements depending on those of the enemy。 With the large cavalry force now at my command； I will be able to have them show themselves at different points on the Tallahatchie and Yalabusha； and； when an opportunity occurs； make a real attack。 After cutting the two roads； General Sherman's movements to secure the end desired will necessarily be left to his judgment。
I will occupy this road to Coffeeville。
U。 S。 GRANT； Major…General。
I was shown this dispatch before it was sent； and afterward the general drew up for me the following letter of instructions in his own handwriting； which I now possess：
HEADQUARTERS THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS DEPARTMENT OF THE TENNESSEE； OXFORD； Mississippi； December 8； 1862。
Major…General W。 T。 SHERMAN； commanding Right Wing Army In the Field； present。
GENERAL： You will proceed with as little delay as practicable to Memphis； Tennessee； taking with you one division of your present command。 On your arrival at Memphis you will assume command of all the troops there； and that portion of General Curtis's forces at present east of the Mississippi River； and organize them into brigades and divisions in your own way。
As soon as possible move with them down the river to the vicinity of Vicksburg； and； with the cooperation of the gunboat fleet under command of Flag…Officer Porter； proceed to the reduction of that place in such manner as circumstances and your own judgment may dictate。
The amount of rations； forage； land transportation； etc。； necessary to take； will be left entirely to yourself。
The quartermaster in St。 Louis will be instructed to send you transportation for thirty thousand men。 Should you still find yourself deficient； your quartermaster will be authorized to make up the deficiency from such transports as may come into the port of Memphis。
On arriving in Memphis put yourself in communication with Admiral Porter； and arrange with him for his cooperation。
Inform me at the earliest practicable day of the time when you will embark； and such plans as may then be matured。 I will hold the forces here in readiness to cobperate with you in such manner as the movements of the enemy may make necessary。
Leave the District of Memphis in the command of an efficient officer and with a garrison of four regiments of infantry； the siege…guns； and what ever cavalry force may be there。
One regiment of infantry and at least a section of artillery will also be left at Friar's Point or Delta； to protect the stores of the cavalry post that will be left there。 Yours truly；
U。 S。 GRANT； Major…General。
I also insert here another letter； dated the 14th instant； sent afterward to me at Memphis； which completes all instructions received by me governing the first movement against Vicksburg ：
HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE TENNESSEE OXFORD； MISSISSIPPI； December 14； 1862
Major…General SHERMAN； commanding； etc。； Memphis； Tennessee
I have not had one word from Grierson since he left； and am getting uneasy about him。 I hope General Gorman will give you no difficulty about retaining the troops on this side the river； and Steele to command them。 The twenty…one thousand men you have； with the twelve thousand from Helena； will make a good force。 The enemy are as yet on the Yalabusha。 I am pushing down on them slowly； but so as to keep up the impression of a continuous move。 I feel particularly anxious to have the Helena cavalry on this side of the river； if not now； at least after you start。 If Gorman will send them； instruct them where to go and how to communicate with me。 My headquarters will probably be in Coffeeville one week hence。。。。 In the mean time I will order transportation； etc。。。。 It would be well if you could have two or three small boats suitable for navigating the Yazoo。 It may become necessary for me to look to that base for supplies before we get through。。。。
U。 S。 GRANT； Major…General。
When we rode to Oxford from College Hill； there happened a little circumstance which seems worthy of record。 While General Van Dorn had his headquarters in Holly Springs； viz。； in October； 1862； he was very short of the comforts and luxuries of life； and resorted to every possible device to draw from the abundant supplies in Memphis。 He had no difficulty whatever in getting spies into the town for information； but he had trouble in getting bulky supplies out through our guards； though sometimes I connived at his supplies of cigars； liquors； boots； gloves； etc。； for his individual use； but medicines and large supplies of all kinds were confiscated； if attempted to be passed out。 As we rode that morning toward Oxford； I observed in a farmer's barn…yard a wagon that looked like a city furniture…wagon with springs。 We were always short of wagons； so I called the attention of the quartermaster； Colonel J。 Condit Smith； saying； 〃There is a good wagon； go for it。〃 He dropped out of the retinue with an orderly； and after we had ridden a mile or so he overtook us； and I asked him； 〃What luck？〃 He answered； 〃All right； I have secured that wagon； and I also got another；〃 and explained that he had gone to the farmer's house to inquire about the furniture…wagon； when the farmer said it did not belong to him； but to some party in Memphis； adding that in his barn was another belonging to the same party。 They went to the barn； and there found a handsome city hearse； with pall and plumes。 The farmer said they had had a big funeral out of Memphis； but when it reached his house； the coffin was found to contain a fine assortment of medicines for the use of Van Dorn's army。 Thus under the pretense of a first…class funeral； they had carried through our guards the very things we had tried to prevent。 It was a good trick； but diminished our respect for such pageants afterward。
As soon as I was in possession of General Grant's ins
