±´¿Çµç×ÓÊé > Ó¢ÎÄÔ­Öøµç×ÓÊé > the army of the cumberland >

µÚ21ÕÂ

the army of the cumberland-µÚ21ÕÂ

С˵£º the army of the cumberland ×ÖÊý£º ÿҳ4000×Ö

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡



le£»¡¡and¡¡it¡¡was¡¡not¡¡until¡¡the¡¡night¡¡of¡¡the¡¡27th¡¡that¡¡Rousseau's¡¡command¡¡reached¡¡Nolinsville¡£¡¡¡¡On¡¡the¡¡morning¡¡of¡¡the¡¡27th£»¡¡Negley's¡¡train¡¡coming¡¡up£»¡¡his¡¡division¡¡moved¡¡to¡¡the¡¡east£»¡¡over¡¡an¡¡extremely¡¡rough¡¡by¡­road£»¡¡to¡¡the¡¡right¡¡of¡¡Crittenden¡¡on¡¡the¡¡Murfreesboro¡¡pike£»¡¡taking¡¡position¡¡at¡¡Stewartsboro¡£¡¡¡¡Walker¡¡was¡¡sent¡¡back¡¡by¡¡Thomas¡¡from¡¡Brentwood£»¡¡to¡¡take¡¡the¡¡direct¡¡Nolinsville¡¡pike¡£¡¡¡¡On¡¡the¡¡28th£»¡¡Rousseau£»¡¡under¡¡order£»¡¡marched¡¡to¡¡Stewartsboro£»¡¡where¡¡he¡¡joined¡¡Negley's¡¡division¡£¡¡¡¡On¡¡the¡¡29th¡¡Negley¡¡crossed¡¡Stewart's¡¡Creek¡¡at¡¡the¡¡ford¡¡southwest¡¡of£»¡¡and¡¡two¡¡miles¡¡above¡¡the¡¡turnpike¡¡bridge£»¡¡and¡¡marched¡¡in¡¡supporting¡¡distance¡¡of¡¡the¡¡head¡¡of¡¡Crittenden's¡¡command¡¡on¡¡the¡¡Murfreesboro¡¡pike¡£¡¡¡¡Rousseau¡¡was¡¡ordered¡¡to¡¡remain¡¡in¡¡camp¡¡at¡¡Stewartsboro£»¡¡detaching¡¡Starkweather's¡¡brigades¡¡with¡¡a¡¡section¡¡of¡¡artillery¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Jefferson¡¡pike£»¡¡to¡¡watch¡¡the¡¡movements¡¡of¡¡the¡¡enemy¡£¡¡¡¡Negley's¡¡division¡¡moved¡¡eight¡¡miles¡¡that¡¡day¡¡and¡¡took¡¡position¡¡within¡¡three¡¡miles¡¡of¡¡Murfreesboro¡£¡¡¡¡Walker¡¡reached¡¡Stewartsboro¡¡from¡¡the¡¡Nolinsville¡¡pike¡¡about¡¡dark¡£¡¡¡¡Early¡¡in¡¡the¡¡morning£»¡¡Crittenden's¡¡command¡¡moved¡¡into¡¡line¡¡of¡¡battle¡¡on¡¡the¡¡left£»¡¡under¡¡a¡¡brisk¡¡fire£»¡¡while¡¡Negley's¡¡division£»¡¡by¡¡an¡¡oblique¡¡movement¡¡to¡¡the¡¡right£»¡¡took¡¡position¡¡on¡¡the¡¡right¡¡of¡¡Palmer's¡¡division£»¡¡and¡¡was¡¡then¡¡advanced¡¡through¡¡a¡¡dense¡¡cedar¡¡thicket¡¡several¡¡hundred¡¡yards¡¡in¡¡width¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Wilkinson¡¡cross¡¡roads£»¡¡driving¡¡the¡¡enemy's¡¡skirmishers¡¡steadily£»¡¡and¡¡with¡¡considerable¡¡loss¡£¡¡¡¡Rousseau's¡¡division£»¡¡with¡¡the¡¡exception¡¡of¡¡Starkweather's¡¡brigade£»¡¡was¡¡ordered¡¡up¡¡from¡¡Stewartsboro£»¡¡reached¡¡the¡¡front£»¡¡and¡¡bivouacked¡¡on¡¡the¡¡Murfreesboro¡¡pike¡¡in¡¡the¡¡rear¡¡of¡¡the¡¡centre¡£¡¡¡¡Thomas¡¡during¡¡the¡¡night¡¡ordered¡¡Walker's¡¡brigade¡¡to¡¡take¡¡a¡¡strong¡¡position¡¡near¡¡the¡¡bridge¡¡over¡¡Stewart's¡¡Creek£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡defend¡¡it¡¡against¡¡any¡¡attempt¡¡of¡¡the¡¡enemy's¡¡cavalry¡¡to¡¡destroy¡¡it¡£¡¡¡¡Rousseau¡¡was¡¡ordered¡¡to¡¡take¡¡position¡¡in¡¡rear¡¡of¡¡Negley's¡¡division£»¡¡with¡¡his¡¡left¡¡on¡¡the¡¡Murfreesboro¡¡pike£»¡¡and¡¡his¡¡right¡¡extending¡¡into¡¡the¡¡cedar¡¡thicket¡¡through¡¡which¡¡Negley¡¡had¡¡marched¡¡to¡¡take¡¡position¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡troops¡¡held¡¡every¡¡foot¡¡of¡¡ground¡¡that¡¡had¡¡been¡¡won¡¡from¡¡the¡¡enemy¡¡and¡¡remained¡¡in¡¡line¡¡of¡¡battle¡¡during¡¡the¡¡night¡£

The¡¡¡¨Left¡¡Wing¡¨¡¡under¡¡Crittenden¡¡advanced¡¡on¡¡the¡¡26th¡¡to¡¡Lavergne£»¡¡Palmer's¡¡division¡¡in¡¡the¡¡front¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡was¡¡engaged¡¡in¡¡a¡¡short¡¡time¡¡with¡¡heavy¡¡skirmishing£»¡¡which¡¡increased¡¡as¡¡the¡¡command¡¡moved¡¡south¡£¡¡The¡¡advance¡¡of¡¡the¡¡column¡¡was¡¡over¡¡a¡¡rough¡¡country£»¡¡intersected¡¡with¡¡forests¡¡and¡¡cedar¡¡thickets¡£¡¡¡¡Crittenden¡¡was¡¡ordered¡¡to¡¡delay¡¡his¡¡movements¡¡until¡¡McCook¡¡reached¡¡Triune£»¡¡in¡¡order¡¡to¡¡determine¡¡the¡¡direction¡¡in¡¡which¡¡Thomas¡¡should¡¡move¡¡as¡¡support£»¡¡¡¡Crittenden's¡¡command¡¡encamped¡¡that¡¡night¡¡four¡¡miles¡¡north¡¡of¡¡Lavergne¡£¡¡¡¡On¡¡the¡¡27th¡¡Wood's¡¡division¡¡was¡¡placed¡¡in¡¡the¡¡advance¡¡of¡¡Crittenden's¡¡column¡£¡¡¡¡Hascall's¡¡brigade¡¡drove¡¡the¡¡enemy¡¡from¡¡Lavergne¡¡with¡¡a¡¡loss¡¡of¡¡twenty¡¡men¡¡wounded£»¡¡and¡¡pushing¡¡rapidly¡¡on£»¡¡forced¡¡them¡¡south¡¡of¡¡Stewart's¡¡Creek£»¡¡five¡¡miles¡¡beyond¡£¡¡¡¡At¡¡this¡¡place¡¡the¡¡enemy¡¡set¡¡fire¡¡to¡¡the¡¡bridge£»¡¡which¡¡Hascall's¡¡advance¡¡reached¡¡in¡¡time¡¡to¡¡save¡£¡¡¡¡Hazen's¡¡brigade¡¡of¡¡Palmer's¡¡division¡¡was¡¡sent¡¡down¡¡the¡¡Jefferson¡¡pike¡¡to¡¡seize¡¡the¡¡bridge¡¡over¡¡Stewart's¡¡Creek¡¡at¡¡the¡¡crossing¡¡of¡¡that¡¡road¡£¡¡¡¡That¡¡night¡¡the¡¡¡¨Left¡¡Wing¡¨¡¡went¡¡into¡¡camp¡¡at¡¡Stewartsboro£»¡¡and¡¡remained¡¡there¡¡over¡¡the¡¡next¡¡day£»¡¡Sunday¡£¡¡On¡¡the¡¡29th£»¡¡Crittenden's¡¡command¡¡crossed¡¡Stewart's¡¡Creek¡¡by¡¡the¡¡Smyrna¡¡bridge£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡main¡¡Murfreesboro¡¡pike£»¡¡and¡¡advanced¡¡that¡¡dayPalmer's¡¡division¡¡leadingto¡¡within¡¡two¡¡miles¡¡of¡¡Murfreesboro£»¡¡driving¡¡back¡¡the¡¡enemy¡¡after¡¡several¡¡severe¡¡skirmishes£»¡¡saving¡¡two¡¡bridges¡¡on¡¡the¡¡route£»¡¡and¡¡forcing¡¡the¡¡enemy¡¡into¡¡his¡¡intrenchments¡£

Rosecrans£»¡¡about¡¡three¡¡o'clock¡¡in¡¡the¡¡afternoon£»¡¡received¡¡a¡¡signal¡¡message¡¡from¡¡Palmer¡¡at¡¡the¡¡front£»¡¡that¡¡he¡¡was¡¡in¡¡sight¡¡of¡¡Murfreesboro£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡the¡¡enemy¡¡was¡¡running¡£¡¡¡¡Rosecrans¡¡then¡¡sent¡¡an¡¡order¡¡to¡¡Crittenden¡¡to¡¡send¡¡a¡¡division¡¡to¡¡occupy¡¡Murfreesboro£»¡¡camping¡¡the¡¡other¡¡two¡¡outside¡£¡¡¡¡Crittenden¡¡received¡¡this¡¡order¡¡as¡¡he¡¡reached¡¡the¡¡head¡¡of¡¡his¡¡command£»¡¡where¡¡Wood¡¡and¡¡Palmer¡¡were¡¡gathering¡¡up¡¡their¡¡troops¡¡prepatory¡¡to¡¡encamping¡¡for¡¡the¡¡night¡£¡¡These¡¡divisions¡¡were¡¡in¡¡line¡¡of¡¡battle£»Wood¡¡on¡¡the¡¡left¡¡and¡¡Palmer¡¡on¡¡the¡¡right£»with¡¡the¡¡rebels¡¡in¡¡sight¡¡in¡¡such¡¡heavy¡¡force¡¡that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡evident¡¡that¡¡they¡¡intended¡¡to¡¡dispute¡¡the¡¡passage¡¡of¡¡the¡¡river£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡fight¡¡a¡¡battle¡¡at¡¡or¡¡near¡¡Murfreesboro¡£¡¡¡¡On¡¡receipt¡¡of¡¡the¡¡order£»¡¡Crittenden¡¡gave¡¡the¡¡command¡¡to¡¡advance¡£¡¡¡¡Wood¡¡was¡¡ordered¡¡to¡¡occupy¡¡the¡¡place£»¡¡and¡¡Palmer¡¡to¡¡advance¡¡in¡¡line¡¡of¡¡battle¡¡until¡¡the¡¡passage¡¡of¡¡the¡¡river¡¡had¡¡been¡¡forced¡£¡¡¡¡Wood¡¡on¡¡receiving¡¡the¡¡order¡¡objected¡¡greatly¡¡to¡¡carrying¡¡it¡¡out£»¡¡saying¡¡that¡¡it¡¡was¡¡hazarding¡¡a¡¡great¡¡deal¡¡for¡¡very¡¡little£»¡¡to¡¡move¡¡over¡¡unknown¡¡ground¡¡in¡¡the¡¡night£»¡¡instead¡¡of¡¡waiting¡¡for¡¡daylight£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡Crittenden¡¡ought¡¡to¡¡take¡¡the¡¡responsibility¡¡of¡¡disobeying¡¡the¡¡order¡£¡¡¡¡This¡¡the¡¡latter¡¡refused¡¡to¡¡do¡£¡¡¡¡After¡¡Wood¡¡and¡¡Palmer¡¡had¡¡issued¡¡their¡¡orders¡¡to¡¡advance£»¡¡they¡¡both¡¡insisted¡¡that¡¡the¡¡order¡¡should¡¡not¡¡be¡¡carried¡¡out¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡order¡¡was¡¡then¡¡suspended¡¡an¡¡hour£»¡¡so¡¡that¡¡Rosecrans¡¡could¡¡be¡¡heard¡¡from¡£¡¡¡¡During¡¡this¡¡interval¡¡the¡¡general¡¡himself¡¡came¡¡to¡¡this¡¡portion¡¡of¡¡the¡¡front£»¡¡and¡¡approved¡¡of¡¡the¡¡action¡¡of¡¡Crittenden£»¡¡as¡¡the¡¡order¡¡had¡¡been¡¡issued¡¡on¡¡the¡¡report¡¡that¡¡the¡¡enemy¡¡had¡¡evacuated¡¡Murfreesboro¡£¡¡¡¡Under¡¡the¡¡order£»¡¡before¡¡it¡¡was¡¡suspended£»¡¡Harker¡¡with¡¡his¡¡brigade¡¡had¡¡crossed¡¡the¡¡river¡¡at¡¡a¡¡ford¡¡on¡¡his¡¡left£»¡¡where¡¡he¡¡surprised¡¡a¡¡regiment¡¡of¡¡Breckinridge's¡¡division£»¡¡and¡¡drove¡¡it¡¡back¡¡on¡¡its¡¡main¡¡lines£»¡¡not¡¡more¡¡than¡¡five¡¡hundred¡¡yards¡¡distant£»¡¡in¡¡considerable¡¡confusion¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡held¡¡this¡¡position¡¡until¡¡it¡¡was¡¡dark£»¡¡with¡¡Breckinridge¡¡in¡¡force¡¡on¡¡his¡¡front£»¡¡when¡¡Crittenden¡¡ordered¡¡his¡¡return¡£¡¡¡¡Hascall's¡¡command¡¡was¡¡fording¡¡the¡¡river£»¡¡advancing¡¡when¡¡the¡¡order¡¡was¡¡suspended¡£¡¡¡¡Harker¡¡succeeded¡¡in¡¡recrossing¡¡the¡¡river¡¡in¡¡the¡¡face¡¡of¡¡this¡¡strong¡¡force¡¡of¡¡the¡¡enemy¡¡without¡¡any¡¡serious¡¡loss¡£¡¡¡¡Crittenden¡¡placed¡¡Van¡¡Cleve's¡¡division£»¡¡which¡¡had¡¡reported¡¡marching¡¡from¡¡the¡¡Jefferson¡¡turnpike¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Murfreesboro¡¡road£»¡¡in¡¡reserve¡¡behind¡¡Wood¡£¡¡¡¡During¡¡the¡¡30th¡¡there¡¡was¡¡but¡¡little¡¡change¡¡in¡¡the¡¡position¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Left¡¡Wing£»¡¡while¡¡the¡¡other¡¡troops¡¡were¡¡moving¡¡into¡¡position¡¡on¡¡the¡¡line¡¡of¡¡battle¡£¡¡Palmer's¡¡division¡¡was¡¡advanced¡¡a¡¡short¡¡distance£»¡¡the¡¡enemy¡¡contesting¡¡stubbornly¡£

The¡¡pioneer¡¡brigade¡¡had¡¡prepared¡¡the¡¡banks¡¡at¡¡three¡¡places¡¡for¡¡the¡¡fording¡¡of¡¡the¡¡river¡£¡¡¡¡Wood's¡¡division¡¡covered¡¡two£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡pioneer¡¡brigade£»¡¡under¡¡Captain¡¡St¡£¡¡Clair¡¡Morton£»¡¡covered¡¡the¡¡lower¡¡one¡£¡¡At¡¡night¡¡Crittenden's¡¡corps¡¡with¡¡Negley's¡¡division¡¡bivouacked¡¡in¡¡order¡¡of¡¡battle£»¡¡being¡¡on¡¡seven¡¡hundred¡¡yards¡¡from¡¡the¡¡enemy's¡¡entrenchments¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡left¡¡of¡¡Crittenden's¡¡command¡¡extended¡¡down¡¡the¡¡river¡¡some¡¡five¡¡hundred¡¡yards¡£

The¡¡first¡¡movement¡¡of¡¡Rosecrans's¡¡advance¡¡was¡¡made¡¡known¡¡to¡¡Bragg¡¡as¡¡soon¡¡as¡¡it¡¡had¡¡reached¡¡a¡¡point¡¡two¡¡miles¡¡beyond¡¡the¡¡Federal¡¡picket¡­line£»¡¡where¡¡the¡¡heads¡¡of¡¡the¡¡several¡¡columns¡¡encountered¡¡the¡¡rebel¡¡cavalry¡¡pickets¡£¡¡¡¡For¡¡all¡¡Bragg¡¡had¡¡placed¡¡his¡¡army¡¡in¡¡winter¡¡quarters£»¡¡and¡¡presumed¡¡that¡¡Rosecrans¡¡had¡¡done¡¡the¡¡same£»¡¡his¡¡experience¡¡with¡¡the¡¡matter¡¡of¡¡surprise¡¡to¡¡an¡¡army¡¡led¡¡him¡¡to¡¡be¡¡well¡¡prepared¡¡to¡¡know¡¡and¡¡take¡¡advantage¡¡of¡¡the¡¡slightest¡¡change¡¡in¡¡his¡¡immediate¡¡front¡£¡¡¡¡By¡¡the¡¡night¡¡of¡¡the¡¡26th¡¡Bragg¡¡knew¡¡that¡¡Rosecrans's¡¡entire¡¡army¡¡was¡¡moving¡¡out¡¡to¡¡force¡¡him¡¡to¡¡fight¡¡or¡¡compel¡¡his¡¡retreat¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡at¡¡once¡¡selected¡¡his¡¡line¡¡of¡¡battle¡¡at¡¡Stone's¡¡River£»¡¡and¡¡directed¡¡his¡¡three¡¡cavalry¡¡brigades£»¡¡under¡¡Wheeler£»¡¡Wharton£»¡¡and¡¡Pegram£»¡¡supported¡¡by¡¡three¡¡brigades¡¡of¡¡infantry¡¡with¡¡artillery£»¡¡to¡¡check¡¡the¡¡advance¡¡of¡¡the¡¡several¡¡columns¡¡until¡¡he¡¡could¡¡unite¡¡this¡¡army¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡then¡¡gave¡¡the¡¡necessary¡¡orders¡¡for¡¡the¡¡concentration¡¡of¡¡his¡¡command¡¡and¡¡the¡¡formation¡¡of¡¡his¡¡line¡¡of¡¡battle¡£

Murfreesboro¡¡is¡¡situated¡¡on¡¡the¡¡railroad¡¡to¡¡Chattanooga£»¡¡thirty¡¡miles¡¡southeast¡¡of¡¡Nashville£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡midst¡¡of¡¡the¡¡great¡¡plain¡¡stretching¡¡from¡¡the¡¡base¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Cumberland¡¡Mountains¡¡toward¡¡the¡¡Cumberland¡¡River£»¡¡and¡¡is¡¡surrounded¡¡by¡¡a¡¡gently¡¡undulating¡¡country£»¡¡exceedingly¡¡fertile¡¡and¡¡highly¡¡cultivated¡£¡¡¡¡Leading¡¡in¡¡every¡¡direction¡¡from¡¡the¡¡town¡¡are¡¡numerous¡¡excellent¡¡turnpikes¡£¡¡¡¡Stone's¡¡Rivernamed¡¡after¡¡an¡¡early¡¡settleris¡¡formed¡¡here¡¡by¡¡the¡¡middle¡¡and¡¡south¡¡branches¡¡of¡¡the¡¡stream¡¡uniting£»¡¡and¡¡flows¡¡in¡¡a¡¡northerly¡¡direction¡¡between¡¡low¡¡banks¡¡of¡¡limestone£»¡¡generally¡¡steep¡¡and¡¡difficult¡¡to¡¡cross£»¡¡emptying¡¡into¡¡the¡¡Cumberland¡£¡¡¡¡At¡¡the¡¡time¡¡of¡¡the¡¡battle¡¡the¡¡stream¡¡was¡¡so¡¡low¡¡that¡¡it¡¡could¡¡be¡¡crossed¡¡by¡¡infantry¡¡eve

·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨1£© ²È£¨0£©

Äã¿ÉÄÜϲ»¶µÄ