marcus brutus-第7章

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Philippi；　the　word　that　he　gave　to　his　soldiers　was　Apollo；　and　from
thence　conclude　that　this　sudden　unaccountable　exclamation　of　his
was　a　presage　of　the　overthrow　that　he　suffered　there。
　　Antistius；　the　commander　of　these　ships；　at　his　parting；　gave　him
fifty　thousand　myriads　of　the　money　that　he　was　conveying　to　Italy；
and　all　the　soldiers　yet　remaining　of　Pompey's　army；　who　after　their
general's　defeat　wandered　about　Thessaly；　readily　and　joyfully　flocked
together　to　join　him。　Besides　this；　he　took　from　Cinna　five　hundred
horse　that　he　was　carrying　to　Dolabella　into　Asia。　After　that；　he
sailed　to　Demetrias；　and　there　seized　a　great　quantity　of　arms　that
had　been　provided　by　the　command　of　the　deceased　Caesar　for　the
Parthian　war；　and　were　now　to　be　sent　to　Antony。　Then　Macedonia　was
put　into　his　hands　and　delivered　up　by　Hortensius　the　praetor；　and　all
the　kings　and　potentates　round　about　came　and　offered　their
services。　So　when　news　was　brought　that　Caius；　the　brother　of
Antony；　having　passed　over　from　Italy；　was　marching　on　directly　to
join　the　forces　that　Vatinius　commanded　in　Dyrrhachium　and
Apollonia；　Brutus　resolved　to　anticipate　him；　and　to　seize　them　first；
and　in　all　haste　moved　forwards　with　those　that　he　had　about　him。
His　march　was　very　difficult；　through　rugged　places　and　in　a　great
snow；　but　so　swift　that　he　left　those　that　were　to　bring　his
provisions　for　the　morning　meal　a　great　way　behind。　And　now；　being
very　near　to　Dyrrhachium；　with　fatigue　and　cold　he　fell　into　the
distemper　called　Bulimia。　This　is　a　disease　that　seizes　both　men　and
cattle　after　much　labour；　and　especially　in　a　great　snow；　whether　it
is　caused　by　the　natural　heat　when　the　body　is　seized　with　cold；　being
forced　all　inwards；　and　consuming　at　once　all　the　nourishment　laid　in；
or　whether　the　sharp　and　subtle　vapour　which　comes　from　the　snow　as　it
dissolves　cuts　the　body；　as　it　were；　and　destroys　the　heat　which
issues　through　the　pores；　for　the　sweatings　seem　to　arise　from　the
heat　meeting　with　the　cold；　and　being　quenched　by　it　on　the　surface　of
the　body。　But　this　I　have　in　another　place　discussed　more　at　large。
　　Brutus　growing　very　faint；　and　there　being　none　in　the　whole　army
that　had　anything　for　him　to　eat；　his　servants　were　forced　to　have
recourse　to　the　enemy；　and；　going　as　far　as　to　the　gates　of　the
city；　begged　bread　of　the　sentinels　that　were　upon　duty。　As　soon　as
they　heard　of　the　condition　of　Brutus；　they　came　themselves；　and
brought　both　meat　and　drink　along　with　them；　in　return　for　which
Brutus；　when　he　took　the　city；　showed　the　greatest　kindness；　not　to
them　only；　but　to　all　the　inhabitants；　for　their　sakes。　Caius
Antonius；　in　the　meantime；　coming　to　Apollonia；　summoned　all　the
soldiers　that　were　near　that　city　to　join　him　there；　but　finding
that　they　nevertheless　went　all　to　Brutus；　and　suspecting　that　even
those　of　Apollonia　were　inclined　to　the　same　party；　he　quitted　that
city；　and　came　to　Buthrotum；　having　first　lost　three　cohorts　of　his
men；　that　in　their　march　thither　were　cut　to　pieces　by　Brutus。　After
this；　attempting　to　make　himself　master　of　some　strong　places　about
Byllis　which　the　enemy　had　first　seized；　he　was　overcome　in　a　set
battle　by　young　Cicero；　to　whom　Brutus　gave　the　command；　and　whose
conduct　he　made　use　of　often　and　with　much　success。　Caius　himself
was　surprised　in　a　marshy　place；　at　a　distance　from　his　support；　and
Brutus　having　him　in　his　power　would　not　suffer　his　soldiers　to
attack；　but　maneuvering　about　the　enemy　with　his　horse；　gave　command
that　none　of　them　should　be　killed；　for　that　in　a　little　time　they
would　all　be　of　his　side；　which　accordingly　came　to　pass；　for　they
surrendered　both　themselves　and　their　general。　So　that　Brutus　had　by
this　time　a　very　great　and　considerable　army。　He　showed　all　marks　of
honour　and　esteem　to　Caius　for　a　long　time；　and　left　him　the　use　of
the　ensigns　of　his　office；　though；　as　some　report；　he　had　several
letters　from　Rome；　and　particularly　from　Cicero；　advising　him　to　put
him　to　death。　But　at　last；　perceiving　that　he　began　to　corrupt　his
officers；　and　was　trying　to　raise　a　mutiny　amongst　the　soldiers；　he
put　him　aboard　a　ship　and　kept　him　close　prisoner。　In　the　meantime；
the　soldiers　that　had　been　corrupted　by　Caius　retired　to　Apollonia；
and　sent　word　to　Brutus；　desiring　him　to　come　to　them　thither。　He
answered　that　this　was　not　the　custom　of　the　Romans；　but　that　it
became　those　who　had　offended　to　come　themselves　to　their　general
and　beg　forgiveness　of　their　offences；　which　they　did；　and　accordingly
received　their　pardon。
　　As　he　was　preparing　to　pass　into　Asia；　tidings　reached　him　of　the
alteration　that　had　happened　at　Rome；　where　the　young　Caesar；　assisted
by　the　senate；　in　opposition　to　Antony；　and　having　driven　his
competitor　out　of　Italy；　had　begun　himself　to　be　very　formidable；
suing　for　the　consulship　contrary　to　law；　and　maintaining　large　bodies
of　troops　of　which　the　commonwealth　had　no　manner　of　need。　And　then；
perceiving　that　the　senate；　dissatisfied　with　the　proceedings；　began
to　cast　their　eyes　abroad　upon　Brutus；　and　decreed　and　confirmed　the
government　of　several　provinces　to　him；　he　had　taken　the　alarm。
Therefore　despatching　messengers　to　Antony；　he　desired　that　there
might　be　a　reconciliation；　and　a　friendship　between　them。　Then；
drawing　all　his　forces　about　the　city；　he　made　himself　to　be　chosen
consul；　though　he　was　but　a　boy；　being　scarce　twenty　years　old；　as
he　himself　writes　in　his　memoirs。　At　the　first　entry　upon　the
consulship　he　immediately　ordered　a　judicial　process　to　be　issued
out　against　Brutus　and　his　accomplices　for　having　murdered　a　principal
man　of　the　city；　holding　the　highest　magistracies　of　Rome；　without
being　heard　or　condemned；　and　appointed　Lucius　Cornificus　to　accuse
Brutus；　and　Marcus　Agrippa　to　accuse　Cassius。　None　appearing　to　the
accusation；　the　judges　were　forced　to　pass　sentence　and　condemn　them
both。　It　is　reported　that　when　the　crier　from　the　tribunal；　as　the
custom　was；　with　a　loud　voice　cried　Brutus　to　appear；　the　people
groaned　audibly；　and　the　noble　citizens　hung　down　their　heads　for
grief。　Publicus　Silicius　was　seen　to　burst　out　into　tears；　which　was
the　cause　that　not　long　after　he　was　put　down　in　the　list　of　those
that　were　proscribed。　After　this；　the　three　men；　Caesar；　Antony；　and
Lepidus；　being　perfectly　reconciled；　shared　the　provinces　among
themselves；　and　made　up　the　catalogue　of　proscription；　wherein　were
set　those　that　were　designed　for　slaughter；　amounting　to　two　hundred
men；　in　which　number　Cicero　was　slain。
　　The　news　being　brought　to　Brutus　in　Macedonia；　he　was　under　a
compulsion；　and　sent　orders　to　Hortensius　that　he　should　kill　Caius
Antonius　in　revenge　of　the　death　of　Cicero　his　friend；　and　Brutus
his　kinsman；　who　also　was　proscribed　and　slain。　Upon　this　account　it
was　that　Antony；　having　afterwards　taken　Hortensius　in　the　battle　of
Philippi；　slew　him　upon　his　brother's　tomb。　But　Brutus　expresses
himself　as　more　ashamed　for　the　cause　of　Cicero's　death　than　grieved
for　the　misfortune　of　it；　and　says　he　cannot　help　accusing　his　friends
at　Rome；　that　they　were　slaves　more　through　their　own　doing　than
that　of　those　who　now　were　their　tyrants；　they　could　be　present　and
see　and　yet　suffer　those　things　which　even　to　hear　related　ought　to
them　to　have　been　insufferable。
　　Having　made　his　army；　that　was　already　very　considerable；　pass
into　Asia；　he　ordered　a　fleet　to　be　prepared　in　Bithynia　and　about
Cyzicus。　But　going　himself　through　the　country　by　land；　he　made　it　his
business　to　settle　and　confirm　all　the　cities；　and　gave　audience　to
the　princes　of　the　parts　through　which　he　passed。　And　he　sent　orders
into　Syria　to　Cassius　to　come　to　him；　and　leave　his　intended　journey
into　Egypt；　letting　him　understand　that　it　was　not　to　gain　an　empire
for　themselves；　but　to　free　their　country；　that　they　went　thus
wandering　about　and　had　got　an　army　together　whose　business　it　was
to　destroy　the　tyrants；　that　therefore；　if　they　remembered　and
resolved　to　persevere　in　their　first　purpose；　they　ought　not　to　be　too
far　from　Italy；　but　make　what　haste　they　could　thither；　and
endeavour　to　relieve　their　fell