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the book of tea(画慕)-及11嫗

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decorative scheme。         The absence of symmetry in Japanese art objects has 



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been   often   commented   on   by Western   critics。 This�察 �also�察  �is   a   result of   a 

working   out   through   Zennism   of   Taoist   ideals。        Confucianism�察  �with   its 

deep´seated idea of dualism�察�and Northern Buddhism with its worship of a 

trinity�察  �were   in   no   way   opposed   to   the   expression   of   symmetry。       As   a 

matter of  fact�察 �if   we  study  the  ancient bronzes of   China  or the  religious 

arts   of   the   Tang    dynasty    and    the  Nara    period�察   �we   shall   recognize     a 

constant      striving    after   symmetry。        The     decoration     of   our    classical 

interiors was decidedly regular in its arrangement。                   The Taoist and   Zen 

conception of perfection�察�however�察�was different。                 The dynamic nature of 

their    philosophy      laid   more     stress   upon     the   process    through      which 

perfection was sought than upon perfection itself。                  True beauty could be 

discovered   only   by   one   who   mentally   completed   the   incomplete。             The 

virility of life and art lay in its possibilities for growth。            In the tea´room it 

is left for each guest in imagination to complete the total effect in relation 

to himself。      Since Zennism has become the prevailing mode of thought�察�

the art of the extreme Orient has purposefully avoided the symmetrical as 

expressing not only completion�察�but repetition。                Uniformity of design was 

considered fatal to the freshness of imagination。                Thus�察�landscapes�察�birds�察�

and   flowers   became   the   favorite   subjects   for   depiction   rather   than   the 

human figure�察�the latter being present in the person of the beholder himself。 

We are often too much in evidence as it is�察�and in spite of our vanity even 

self´regard is apt to become monotonous。 

     In   the   tea´room   the    fear   of  repetition    is  a  constant    presence。    The 

various objects for the decoration of a room should be so selected that no 

colour or design shall be repeated。            If you have a living flower�察�a painting 

of   flowers   is   not   allowable。   If   you   are   using   a   round   kettle�察  �the   water 

pitcher     should    be   angular。    A   cup   with    a  black   glaze    should    not   be 

associated   with   a   tea´caddy   of   black   laquer。       In   placing   a   vase   of   an 

incense burner on the tokonoma�察�care should be taken not to put it in the 

exact centre�察�lest it divide the space into equal halves。                 The pillar of the 

tokonoma should be of a different kind of wood from the other pillars�察�in 

order to break any suggestion of monotony in the room。 

     Here again the Japanese method of interior decoration differs from that 

of    the   Occident�察     �where     we    see    objects    arrayed     symmetrically       on 



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mantelpieces and elsewhere。           In Western houses we are often confronted 

with what appears to us useless reiteration。             We find it trying to talk to a 

man while his full´length portrait stares at us from behind his back。                   We 

wonder which is real�察�he of the picture or he who talks�察�and feel a curious 

conviction that one of them must be fraud。              Many a time have we sat at a 

festive   board   contemplating�察  �with       a   secret   shock   to   our   digestion�察  �the 

representation      of   abundance      on   the  dining´room       walls。    Why     these 

pictured victims   of   chase and   sport�察  �the   elaborate carvings of   fishes   and 

fruit�拭   �Why the display of family plates�察�reminding us of those who have 

dined and are dead�拭�

     The simplicity of the tea´room and its freedom from vulgarity make it 

truly a sanctuary from the vexations of the outer world。 There and there 

alone     one   can   consecrate     himself    to   undisturbed      adoration      of  the 

beautiful。     In   the   sixteenth   century   the   tea´room    afforded   a   welcome 

respite from labour to the fierce warriors and              statesmen engaged in the 

unification and reconstruction of Japan。  In the seventeenth century�察 �after 

the strict formalism of the        Tokugawa rule had been developed�察�it offered 

the   only   opportunity   possible   for   the   free   communion   of   artistic   spirits。 

Before   a   great    work   of   art   there   was   no   distinction   between   daimyo�察�

samurai�察     �and     commoner。        Nowadays       industrialism     is   making     true 

refinement more         and more difficult all the world over。 Do we not need 

the tea´room       more than ever�拭�



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                         V。 Art Appreciation 



       Have you heard the Taoist tale of the Taming of the Harp�拭�

     Once in the hoary ages in the Ravine of Lungmen stood a                   Kiri tree�察�a 

veritable king of the forest。        It reared its head to talk to the stars�察�its roots 

struck deep into the earth�察�mingling their bronzed coils with those of the 

silver    dragon that   slept beneath。        And it   came   to   pass   that   a mighty 

wizard made of this tree a wondrous harp�察�whose stubborn spirit should be 

tamed   but   by   the   greatest   of   musicians。    For   long   the   instrument   was 

treasured by the Emperor of China�察�but all in vain were the efforts of those 

who in turn   tried   to draw  melody  from  its strings。          In   response to their 

utmost strivings there came from the harp but harsh notes of disdain�察�ill´ 

according   with   the   songs   they   fain   would   sing。      The   harp   refused     to 

recognise a master。 

     At   last   came   Peiwoh�察  �the   prince   of   harpists。  With   tender   hand   he 

caressed the harp as one might seek to soothe an unruly horse�察�and softly 

touched      the  chords。     He     sang   of   nature    and   the   seasons�察   �of  high 

mountains   and   flowing   waters�察  �and   all   the   memories   of   the   tree   awoke� �

Once more the sweet breath of spring played amidst its branches。                       The 

young cataracts�察�as they danced down the ravine�察�laughed to the                   budding 

flowers。     Anon were heard the dreamy voices of summer with its myriad 

insects�察�the gentle pattering of rain�察�the wail of the cuckoo。              Hark� �a tiger 

roars��the valley answers again。           It is autumn�察�in the desert night�察�sharp 

like    a   sword   gleams   the   moon   upon   the   frosted   grass。    Now      winter 

reigns�察�and through the snow´filled air swirl flocks              of swans and rattling 

hailstones beat upon the boughs with fierce delight。 

     Then Peiwoh changed the key and sang of love。                 The forest      swayed 

like   an   ardent   swain    deep   lost  in  thought。     On    high�察  �like  a  haughty 

maiden�察�swept a cloud bright and fair�察�but             passing�察�trailed long shadows 

on the ground�察�black like despair。          Again the mode was changed�察�Peiwoh 

sang of     war�察�of clashing steel and trampling steeds。              And in the       harp 

arose     the  tempest     of  Lungmen�察      �the   dragon    rode    the  lightning�察   �the 

thundering avalanche crashed through the hills。                In ecstasy the Celestial 



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monarch asked Peiwoh wherein lay the secret of his victory。 

卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��0�� 家��0��

低辛嬬浪散議