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The Heroes
The Heroes
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The Heroes
PREFACE
MY DEAR CHILDREN�察�
Some of you have heard already of the old Greeks�察�and all of you�察�as
you grow up�察�will hear more and more of them。 Those of you who are
boys will�察�perhaps�察�spend a great deal of time in reading Greek books�察�
and the girls�察 �though they may not learn Greek�察 �will be sure to come
across a great many stories taken from Greek history�察�and to see�察�I may
say every day�察 �things which we should not have had if it had not been for
these old Greeks。 You can hardly find a well´written book which has
not in it Greek names�察 �and words�察 �and proverbs�察 �you cannot walk
through a great town without passing Greek buildings�察 �you cannot go
into a well´furnished room without seeing Greek statues and ornaments�察�
even Greek patterns of furniture and paper�察�so strangely have these old
Greeks left their mark behind them upon this modern world in which we
now live。 And as you grow up�察 �and read more and more�察 �you will
find that we owe to these old Greeks the beginners of all our
mathematics and geometry ´ that is�察 �the science and knowledge of
numbers�察 �and of the shapes of things�察 �and of the forces which make
things move and stand at rest�察�and the beginnings of our geography and
astronomy�察 �and of our laws�察 �and freedom�察 �and politics ´ that is�察 �the
science of how to rule a country�察 �and make it peaceful and strong。 And
we owe to them�察 �too�察 �the beginning of our logic ´ that is�察�the study of
words and of reasoning�察 �and of our metaphysics ´ that is�察�the study of
our own thoughts and souls。 And last of all�察�they made their language
so beautiful that foreigners used to take to it instead of their own�察�and at
last Greek became the common language of educated people all over the
old world�察 �from Persia and Egypt even to Spain and Britain。 And
therefore it was that the New Testament was written in Greek�察 �that it
might be read and understood by all the nations of the Roman empire�察�so
that�察�next to the Jews�察�and the Bible which the Jews handed down to us�察�
we owe more to these old Greeks than to any people upon earth。
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The Heroes
Now you must remember one thing ´ that 'Greeks' was not their real
name。 They called themselves always 'Hellens��' but the Romans
miscalled them Greeks�察 �and we have taken that wrong name from the
Romans ´ it would take a long time to tell you why。 They were made
up of many tribes and many small separate states�察�and when you hear in
this book of Minuai�察 �and Athenians�察 �and other such names�察 �you must
remember that they were all different tribes and peoples of the one great
Hellen race�察�who lived in what we now call Greece�察�in the islands of the
Archipelago�察�and along the coast of Asia Minor ��Ionia�察�as they call it���察�
from the Hellespont to Rhodes�察�and had afterwards colonies and cities in
Sicily�察�and South Italy ��which was called Great Greece���察�and along the
shores of the Black Sea at Sinope�察�and Kertch�察�and at Sevastopol。 And
after that�察�again�察�they spread under Alexander the Great�察�and conquered
Egypt�察�and Syria�察�and Persia�察�and the whole East。 But that was many
hundred years after my stories�察 �for then there were no Greeks on the
Black Sea shores�察�nor in Sicily�察 �or Italy�察�or anywhere but in Greece and
in Ionia。 And if you are puzzled by the names of places in this book�察�
you must take the maps and find them out。 It will be a pleasanter way
of learning geography than out of a dull lesson´book。
Now�察 �I love these old Hellens heartily�察 �and I should be very
ungrateful to them if I did not�察�considering all that they have taught me�察�
and they seem to me like brothers�察�though they have all been dead and
gone many hundred years ago。 So as you must learn about them�察�
whether you choose or not�察�I wish to be the first to introduce you to them�察�
and to say�察 �'Come hither�察�children�察�at this blessed Christmas time�察�when
all God's creatures should rejoice together�察�and bless Him who redeemed
them all。 Come and see old friends of mine�察 �whom I knew long ere you
were born。 They are come to visit us at Christmas�察 �out of the world
where all live to God�察�and to tell you some of their old fairy tales�察�which
they loved when they were young like you。'
For nations begin at first by being children like you�察�though they are
made up of grown men。 They are children at first like you ´ men and
women with children's hearts�察�frank�察�and affectionate�察�and full of trust�察�
and teachable�察�and loving to see and learn all the wonders round them�察�
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The Heroes
and greedy also�察 �too often�察�and passionate and silly�察�as children are。
Thus these old Greeks were teachable�察�and learnt from all the nations
round。 From the Phoenicians they learnt shipbuilding�察 �and some say
letters beside�察�and from the Assyrians they learnt painting�察�and carving�察�
and building in wood and stone�察 �and from the Egyptians they learnt
astronomy�察 �and many things which you would not understand。 In this
they were like our own forefathers the Northmen�察�of whom you love to
hear�察�who�察�though they were wild and rough themselves�察 �were humble�察�
and glad to learn from every one。 Therefore God rewarded these
Greeks�察�as He rewarded our forefathers�察�and made them wiser than the
people who taught them in everything they learnt�察 �for He loves to see
men and children open´ hearted�察�and willing to be taught�察�and to him who
uses what he has got�察�He gives more and more day by day。 So these
Greeks grew wise and powerful�察�and wrote poems which will live till the
world's end�察�which you must read for yourselves some day�察�in English at
least�察 �if not in Greek。 And they learnt to carve statues�察 �and build
temples�察 �which are still among the wonders of the world�察 �and many
another wondrous thing God taught them�察 �for which we are the wiser
this day。
For you must not fancy�察�children�察�that because these old Greeks were
heathens�察�therefore God did not care for them�察 �and taught them nothing。
The Bible tells us that it was not so�察�but that God's mercy is over all
His works�察�and that He understands the hearts of all people�察�and fashions
all their works。 And St。 Paul told these old Greeks in after times�察�when