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Troilus and Criseyde

by Geoffrey Chaucer







BOOK I



  The double sorwe of Troilus to tellen;  1

That was the king Priamus sone of Troye;

In lovinge; how his aventures fellen

Fro wo to wele; and after out of Ioye;

My purpos is; er that I parte fro ye。  5

Thesiphone; thou help me for tendyte

Thise woful vers; that wepen as I wryte!



To thee clepe I; thou goddesse of torment;

Thou cruel Furie; sorwing ever in peyne;

Help me; that am the sorwful instrument  10

That helpeth lovers; as I can; to pleyne!

For wel sit it; the sothe for to seyne;

A woful wight to han a drery fere;

And; to a sorwful tale; a sory chere。



For I; that god of Loves servaunts serve;  15

Ne dar to Love; for myn unlyklinesse;

Preyen for speed; al sholde I therfor sterve;

So fer am I fro his help in derknesse;

But nathelees; if this may doon gladnesse

To any lover; and his cause avayle;  20

Have he my thank; and myn be this travayle!



But ye loveres; that bathen in gladnesse;

If any drope of pitee in yow be;

Remembreth yow on passed hevinesse

That ye han felt; and on the adversitee  25

Of othere folk; and thenketh how that ye

Han felt that Love dorste yow displese;

Or ye han wonne hym with to greet an ese。



And preyeth for hem that ben in the cas

Of Troilus; as ye may after here;  30

That love hem bringe in hevene to solas;

And eek for me preyeth to god so dere;

That I have might to shewe; in som manere;

Swich peyne and wo as Loves folk endure;

In Troilus unsely aventure。  35



And biddeth eek for hem that been despeyred

In love; that never nil recovered be;

And eek for hem that falsly been apeyred

Thorugh wikked tonges; be it he or she;

Thus biddeth god; for his benignitee;  40

So graunte hem sone out of this world to pace;

That been despeyred out of Loves grace。



And biddeth eek for hem that been at ese;

That god hem graunte ay good perseveraunce;

And sende hem might hir ladies so to plese;  45

That it to Love be worship and plesaunce。

For so hope I my soule best avaunce;

To preye for hem that Loves servaunts be;

And wryte hir wo; and live in charitee。



And for to have of hem compassioun  50

As though I were hir owene brother dere。

Now herkeneth with a gode entencioun;

For now wol I gon streight to my matere;

In whiche ye may the double sorwes here

Of Troilus; in loving of Criseyde;  55

And how that she forsook him er she deyde。



  It is wel wist; how that the Grekes stronge

In armes with a thousand shippes wente

To Troyewardes; and the citee longe

Assegeden neigh ten yeer er they stente;  60

And; in diverse wyse and oon entente;

The ravisshing to wreken of Eleyne;

By Paris doon; they wroughten al hir peyne。



Now fil it so; that in the toun ther was

Dwellinge a lord of greet auctoritee;  65

A gret devyn that cleped was Calkas;

That in science so expert was; that he

Knew wel that Troye sholde destroyed be;

By answere of his god; that highte thus;

Daun Phebus or Apollo Delphicus。  70



So whan this Calkas knew by calculinge;

And eek by answere of this Appollo;

That Grekes sholden swich a peple bringe;

Thorugh which that Troye moste been for…do;

He caste anoon out of the toun to go;  75

For wel wiste he; by sort; that Troye sholde

Destroyed ben; ye; wolde who…so nolde。



For which; for to departen softely

Took purpos ful this forknowinge wyse;

And to the Grekes ost ful prively  80

He stal anoon; and they; in curteys wyse;

Hym deden bothe worship and servyse;

In trust that he hath conning hem to rede

In every peril which that is to drede。



The noyse up roos; whan it was first aspyed;  85

Thorugh al the toun; and generally was spoken;

That Calkas traytor fled was; and allyed

With hem of Grece; and casten to ben wroken

On him that falsly hadde his feith so broken;

And seyden; he and al his kin at ones  90

Ben worthy for to brennen; fel and bones。



Now hadde Calkas left; in this meschaunce;

Al unwist of this false and wikked dede;

His doughter; which that was in gret penaunce;

For of hir lyf she was ful sore in drede;  95

As she that niste what was best to rede;

For bothe a widowe was she; and allone

Of any freend to whom she dorste hir mone。



Criseyde was this lady name a…right;

As to my dome; in al Troyes citee  100

Nas noon so fair; for passing every wight

So aungellyk was hir natyf beautee;

That lyk a thing immortal semed she;

As doth an hevenish parfit creature;

That doun were sent in scorning of nature。  105



This lady; which that al…day herde at ere

Hir fadres shame; his falsnesse and tresoun;

Wel nigh out of hir wit for sorwe and fere;

In widewes habit large of samit broun;

On knees she fil biforn Ector a…doun;  110

With pitous voys; and tendrely wepinge;

His mercy bad; hir…selven excusinge。



Now was this Ector pitous of nature;

And saw that she was sorwfully bigoon;

And that she was so fair a creature;  115

Of his goodnesse he gladed hir anoon;

And seyde; ‘Lat your fadres treson goon

Forth with mischaunce; and ye your…self; in Ioye;

Dwelleth with us; whyl you good list; in Troye。



‘And al thonour that men may doon yow have;  120

As ferforth as your fader dwelled here;

Ye shul han; and your body shal men save;

As fer as I may ought enquere or here。'

And she him thonked with ful humble chere;

And ofter wolde; and it hadde ben his wille;  125

And took hir leve; and hoom; and held hir stille。



And in hir hous she abood with swich meynee

As to hir honour nede was to holde;

And whyl she was dwellinge in that citee;

Kepte hir estat; and bothe of yonge and olde  130

Ful wel beloved; and wel men of hir tolde。

But whether that she children hadde or noon;

I rede it naught; therfore I late it goon。



The thinges fellen; as they doon of werre;

Bitwixen hem of Troye and Grekes ofte;  135

For som day boughten they of Troye it derre;

And eft the Grekes founden no thing softe

The folk of Troye; and thus fortune on…lofte;

And under eft; gan hem to wheelen bothe

After hir cours; ay whyl they were wrothe。  140



But how this toun com to destruccioun

Ne falleth nought to purpos me to telle;

For it were a long digressioun

Fro my matere; and yow to longe dwelle。

But the Troyane gestes; as they felle;  145

In Omer; or in Dares; or in Dyte;

Who…so that can; may rede hem as they wryte。



But though that Grekes hem of Troye shetten;

And hir citee bisegede al a…boute;

Hir olde usage wolde they not letten;  150

As for to honoure hir goddes ful devoute;

But aldermost in honour; out of doute;

They hadde a relik hight Palladion;

That was hir trist a…boven everichon。



And so bifel; whan comen was the tyme  155

Of Aperil; whan clothed is the mede

With newe grene; of lusty Ver the pryme;

And swote smellen floures whyte and rede;

In sondry wyses shewed; as I rede;

The folk of Troye hir observaunces olde;  160

Palladiones feste for to holde。



And to the temple; in al hir beste wyse;

In general; ther wente many a wight;

To herknen of Palladion servyse;

And namely; so many a lusty knight;  165

So many a lady fresh and mayden bright;

Ful wel arayed; bothe moste and leste;

Ye; bothe for the seson and the feste。



Among thise othere folk was Criseyda;

In widewes habite blak; but nathelees;  170

Right as our firste lettre is now an A;

In beautee first so stood she; makelees;

Hir godly looking gladede al the prees。

Nas never seyn thing to ben preysed derre;

Nor under cloude blak so bright a sterre  175



As was Criseyde; as folk seyde everichoon

That hir behelden in hir blake wede;

And yet she stood ful lowe and stille alloon;

Bihinden othere folk; in litel brede;

And neigh the dore; ay under shames drede;  180

Simple of a…tyr; and debonaire of chere;

With ful assured loking and manere。



This Troilus; as he was wont to gyde

His yonge knightes; ladde hem up and doun

In th

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