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the discovery of guiana(窟�峭舊把�)-及20嫗

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off   as  the   sun   slept  ��for  such    were   his  own    words���察   �with   so   great   a 

multitude as they could not be numbered nor resisted�察�and that they wore 

large   coats�察  �and   hats   of   crimson   colour�察  �which   colour   he   expressed   by 

shewing a piece of red wood wherewith my tent was supported�察�and that 

they were called Orejones and Epuremei�察�that those had slain and rooted 

out so many of the ancient people as there were leaves in the wood upon 



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all   the   trees�察  �and   had   now   made   themselves   lords   of   all�察  �even   to   that 

mountain   foot   called   Curaa�察  �saving   only   of   two   nations�察  �the   one   called 

Iwarawaqueri and the other Cassipagotos�察�and that in the last battle fought 

between the Epuremei and the Iwarawaqueri his eldest son was chosen to 

carry  to   the   aid   of   the   Iwarawaqueri   a   great   troop   of   the   Orenoqueponi�察�

and was there slain with all his people and friends�察�and that he had now 

remaining but one son�察�and farther told me that those Epuremei had built a 

great town called Macureguarai at the said mountain foot�察�at the beginning 

of   the   great   plains   of   Guiana�察  �which   have   no   end�察  �and   that   their   houses 

have many rooms�察�one over the other�察�and that therein the great king of the 

Orejones   and   Epuremei   kept   three   thousand   men   to   defend   the   borders 

against   them�察  �and   withal   daily   to   invade   and   slay   them�察  �but   that   of   late 

years�察    �since   the   Christians     offered    to   invade    his   territories   and    those 

frontiers�察�they were all at peace�察�and traded one with another�察�saving only 

the   Iwarawaqueri   and   those   other   nations   upon   the   head   of   the   river   of 

Caroli   called   Cassipagotos�察  �which   we   afterwards   discovered�察  �each   one 

holding the Spaniard for a common enemy。 

     After he had answered thus far�察�he desired leave to depart�察�saying that 

he had far to go�察�that he was old and weak�察�and was every day called for 

by death�察�which was also his own phrase。 I desired him to rest with us that 

night�察�but I could not entreat him�察�but he told me that at my return from 

the    country     above    he   would     again    come     to  us�察 �and    in  the   meantime 

provide for us the best he could�察�of all that his country yielded。 The same 

night   he   returned   to   Orocotona�察  �his   own   town�察  �so   as   he   went   that   day 

eight´and´twenty   miles�察  �the   weather   being   very   hot�察  �the   country   being 

situate between four and five degrees of the equinoctial。 This Topiawari is 

held    for   the   proudest     and   wisest    of   all  the  Orenoqueponi�察        �and   so   he 

behaved       himself     towards     me    in   all  his   answers�察    �at  my    return�察   �as   I 

marvelled   to   find   a   man   of   that   gravity   and   judgment   and   of   so   good 

discourse�察�that   had no   help of   learning   nor   breed。 The   next   morning   we 

also left the port�察�and sailed westward up to the river�察�to view the famous 

river called Caroli�察�as well because it was marvellous of itself�察�as also for 

that   I   understood   it   led   to   the   strongest   nations   of   all   the   frontiers�察  �that 

were   enemies   to   the   Epuremei�察  �which   are   subjects   to   Inga�察  �emperor   of 



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Guiana and Manoa。 And that night we anchored at another island   called 

Caiama�察�of some five or six miles in length�察�and the next day arrived at the 

mouth of Caroli。 When we were short of it as low or further down as the 

port of Morequito�察�we heard the great roar and fall of the river。 But when 

we came to enter with our barge and wherries�察�thinking to have gone up 

some forty miles to the nations of the Cassipagotos�察�we were not able with 

a barge of eight oars to row one stone's cast in an hour�察�and yet the river is 

as   broad   as   the   Thames   at   Woolwich�察  �and   we   tried   both   sides�察  �and   the 

middle�察 �and   every  part of   the   river。   So as   we   encamped   upon the   banks 

adjoining�察    �and   sent   off  our   Orenoquepone       which    came    with    us  from 

Morequito to give knowledge to the   nations upon   the river   of our   being 

there�察�and that we desired to see the lords of Canuria�察�which dwelt within 

the province upon that river�察�making them know that we were enemies to 

the Spaniards�察�for it was on this river side that Morequito slew the friar�察�

and those nine Spaniards which came from Manoa�察�the city of Inga�察�and 

took from them 14��000 pesos of gold。 So as the next day there came down 

a   lord   or   cacique�察  �called   Wanuretona�察  �with   many   people   with   him�察  �and 

brought all store of provisions to entertain us�察�as the rest had done。 And as 

I had before made my coming known to Topiawari�察�so did I acquaint this 

cacique   therewith�察  �and   how   I   was   sent   by   her   Majesty   for   the   purpose 

aforesaid�察  �and   gathered   also   what   I   could   of   him   touching   the   estate   of 

Guiana。 And I found that those also of Caroli were not only enemies to the 

Spaniards�察�but most of all to the Epuremei�察�which abound in gold。 And by 

this Wanuretona I had knowledge that on the head of this river were three 

mighty nations�察�which were seated on a great lake�察�from whence this river 

descended�察  �and   were   called   Cassipagotos�察  �Eparegotos�察  �and   Arawagotos 

��the Purigotos and Arinagotos are still settled on the upper tributaries of 

the Caroni river�察�no such lake as that mentioned is known to exist���察�and 

that all those either against the Spaniards or the Epuremei would join with 

us�察�and that if we entered the land over the mountains of Curaa we should 

satisfy ourselves with gold and all other good things。 He told us farther of 

a nation called Iwarawaqueri�察�before spoken of�察�that held daily war with 

the Epuremei that inhabited Macureguarai�察�and first civil town of Guiana�察�

of the subjects of Inga�察�the emperor。 



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     Upon this river one Captain George�察�that I took with Berreo�察�told me 

that there was a great silver mine�察�and that it was near the banks of the said 

river。 But by this time as well Orenoque�察�Caroli�察�as all the rest of the rivers 

were   risen   four   or   five   feet   in   height�察  �so   as   it   was   not   possible   by   the 

strength of   any  men�察  �or   with   any  boat   whatsoever�察 �to   row  into   the   river 

against the stream。 I therefore sent Captain Thyn�察�Captain Greenvile�察�my 

nephew   John   Gilbert�察  �my   cousin   Butshead   Gorges�察  �Captain   Clarke�察  �and 

some thirty shot more to coast the river by land�察�and to go to a town some 

twenty   miles   over   the   valley   called   Amnatapoi�察  �and   they   found   guides 

there to go farther towards the mountain foot to another great town called 

Capurepana�察�belonging to a cacique called Haharacoa�察�that was a nephew 

to old Topiawari�察�king of Aromaia�察�our chiefest friend�察�because this town 

and    province     of  Capurepana       adjoined     to  Macureguarai�察      �which    was    a 

frontier   town   of   the   empire。   And   the   meanwhile        myself   with    Captain 

Gifford�察�Captain Caulfield�察�Edward Hancock�察�and some half´a´dozen shot 

marched   overland   to   view   the   strange   overfalls   of   the   river   of   Caroli�察�

which roared so far off�察�and also to see the plains adjoining�察�and the rest of 

the province of   Canuri。 I   sent   also Captain Whiddon�察�William  Connock�察�

and some eight shot with them�察�to see if they could find any mine

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