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would often escape unpunished�察�did not the injuries which our tempers sustain��

provoke us into justice。



O ye that love mankind�  �Ye that dare oppose�察�not only the tyranny��

but the tyrant�察�stand forth�  �Every spot of the old world is overrun with

oppression。  Freedom hath been hunted round the globe。  Asia�察�and Africa��

have long expelled herEurope regards her like a stranger�察�and England

hath given her warning to depart。  O� �receive the fugitive�察�and prepare

in time an asylum for mankind。









OF THE PRESENT _ABILITY_ OF _AMERICA_�察�WITH SOME MISCELLANEOUS _REFLECTIONS_







I have never met with a man�察�either in England or America�察�who hath not

confessed his opinion that a separation between the countries��

would take place one time or other�此 �And there is no instance�察�in which we

have shewn less judgement�察�than in endeavouring to describe�察�what we call

the ripeness or fitness of the Continent for independence。



As all men allow the measure�察�and vary only in their opinion of the time��

let us�察�in order to remove mistakes�察�take a general survey of things��

and endeavour�察�if possible�察�to find out the VERY time。  But we need not

go far�察�the inquiry ceases at once�察�for�察�the TIME HATH FOUND US。

The general concurrence�察�the glorious union of all things prove the fact。



It is not in numbers�察�but in unity�察�that our great strength lies��

yet our present numbers are sufficient to repel the force of all the world。

The Continent hath�察�at this time�察�the largest body of armed and

disciplined men of any power under Heaven�察�and is just arrived at that

pitch of strength�察�in which no single colony is able to support itself��

and the whole�察�when united�察�can accomplish the matter�察�and either more��

or�察�less than this�察�might be fatal in its effects。  Our land force is

already sufficient�察�and as to naval affairs�察�we cannot be insensible��

that Britain would never suffer an American man of war to be built��

while the continent remained in her hands。  Wherefore�察�we should be no

forwarder an hundred years hence in that branch�察�than we are now��

but the truth is�察�we should be less so�察�because the timber of the country

is every day diminishing�察�and that�察�which will remain at last��

will be far off and difficult to procure。



Were the continent crowded with inhabitants�察�her sufferings under

the present circumstances would be intolerable。  The more seaport towns

we had�察�the more should we have both to defend and to lose。  Our present

numbers are so happily proportioned to our wants�察�that no man need be idle。

The diminution of trade affords an army�察�and the necessities of an army

create a new trade。



Debts we have none�察�and whatever we may contract on this account will

serve as a glorious memento of our virtue。  Can we but leave posterity

with a settled form of government�察�an independent constitution of its own��

the purchase at any price will be cheap。  But to expend millions for the sake

of getting a few vile acts repealed�察�and routing the present ministry only��

is unworthy the charge�察�and is using posterity with the utmost cruelty��

because it is leaving them the great work to do�察�and a debt upon their backs��

from which they derive no advantage。  Such a thought is unworthy

of a man of honor�察�and is the true characteristic of a narrow heart

and a peddling politician。



The debt we may contract doth not deserve our regard�察�if the work

be but accomplished。  No nation ought to be without a debt。

A national debt is a national bond�察�and when it bears no interest��

is in no case a grievance。  Britain is oppressed with a debt of upwards

of one hundred and forty millions sterling�察�for which she pays upwards

of four millions interest。  And as a compensation for her debt��

she has a large navy�察�America is without a debt�察�and without a navy��

yet for the twentieth part of the English national debt��

could have a navy as large again。  The navy of England is not worth��

at this time�察�more than three millions and an half sterling。



The first and second editions of this pamphlet were published without

the following calculations�察�which are now given as a proof that the

above estimation of the navy is just。

��See Entic's naval history�察�intro。  page 56。��



The charge of building a ship of each rate�察�and furnishing her with masts��

yards�察�sails and rigging�察�together with a proportion of eight months

boatswain's and carpenter's seastores�察�as calculated by Mr。 Burchett��

Secretary to the navy。



                                ��pounds Sterling��

  For a ship of a 100 guns    ´   35��553

            90   ´            ´   29��886

            80   ´            ´   23��638

            70   ´            ´   17��795

            60   ´            ´   14��197

            50   ´            ´   10��606

            40   ´            ´    7��558

            30   ´            ´    5��846

            20   ´            ´    3��710





And from hence it is easy to sum up the value�察�or cost rather�察�of

the whole British navy�察�which in the year 1757�察�when it was

at its greatest glory consisted of the following ships and guns��





   Ships。      Guns。     Cost of one。        Cost of all

    6     ´   100   ´    35��553    ´         213��318

   12     ´    90   ´    29��886    ´         358��632

   12     ´    80   ´    23��638    ´         283��656

   43     ´    70   ´    17��785    ´         764��755

   35     ´    60   ´    14��197    ´         496��895

   40     ´    50   ´    10��606    ´         424��240

   45     ´    40   ´     7��558    ´         340��110

   58     ´    20   ´     3��710    ´         215��180



   85 Sloops�察�bombs��

     and fireships�察�one     2��000            170��000

     with another�察                        �_________

                                     Cost  3��266��786

     Remains for guns�察   �_________          233��214

                                           _________

                                           3��500��000





No country on the globe is so happily situated�察�or so internally capable

of raising a fleet as America。  Tar�察�timber�察�iron�察�and cordage are her

natural produce。  We need go abroad for nothing。  Whereas the Dutch��

who make large profits by hiring out their ships of war to the Spaniards

and Portuguese�察�are obliged to import most of their materials they use。

We ought to view the building a fleet as an article of commerce�察�it being

the natural manufactory of this country。  It is the best money we can lay out。

A navy when finished is worth more than it cost。  And is that nice point

in national policy�察�in which commerce and protection are united。  Let us build��

if we want them not�察�we can sell�察�and by that means replace our paper currency

with ready gold and silver。 



In point of manning a fleet�察�people in general run into great errors��

it is not necessary that one fourth part should he sailors。

The Terrible privateer�察�Captain Death�察�stood the hottest engagement

of any ship last war�察�yet had not twenty sailors on board��

though her complement of men was upwards of two hundred。

A few able and social sailors will soon instruct a sufficient number

of active landmen in the common work of a ship。  Wherefore�察�we never

can be more capable to begin on maritime matters than now��

while our timber is standing�察�our fisheries blocked up��

and our sailors and shipwrights out of employ。  Men of war of seventy

and eighty guns were built forty years ago in New´England��

and why not the same now�拭 �Ship´building is America's greatest pride��

and in which she will in time excel the whole world。

The great empires of the east are mostly inland��

and consequently excluded from the possibility of rivalling her。

Africa is in a state of barbarism�察�and no power in Europe hath either

such an extent of coast�察�or such an internal supply of materials。

Where nature hath given the one�察�she has withheld the other��

to America only hath she been liberal of both。  The vast empire of Russia

is almost shut out from

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