phenomenology of mind-第113章

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substance　get　the　transparency　of　a　self…knowing　category；　and　become　clarified　so　far　as　to　be
moments　of　spirit；　through　the　mediating　process　spirit　comes　to　exist　in　spiritual　form。　Spirit　in　this
way　is　the　mediating　term；　presupposing　those　extremes　and　produced　through　their　existence；　but
it　is　also　the　spiritual　whole　breaking　out　between　them；　which　sunders　its　self　into　them；　and；
solely　in　virtue　of　that　contact；　creates　each　into　the　whole　in　terms　of　its　principle。　The　fact　that
both　extremes　are　from　the　start　and　in　their　very　nature　transcended　and　disintegrated　produces
their　unity；　and　this　is　the　process　which　fuses　both　together；　interchanges　their　characteristic
features；　and　binds　them　together；　and　does　so　in　each　extreme。　This　mediating　process
consequently　actualizes　the　principle　of　each　of　the　two　extremes；　or　makes　what　each　is　inherently
in　itself　its　controlling　and　moving　spirit。

Both　extremes；　the　state…authority　and　the　noble　type　of　consciousness；　are　disintegrated　by　this
latter。　In　state…power；　the　two　sides　are　the　abstract　universal　which　is　obeyed；　and　the　individual
will　existing　on　its　own　account；　which；　however；　does　not　yet　belong　to　the　universal　itself。　In
nobility；　the　two　sides　are　the　obedience　in　giving　up　existence；　or　the　inherent　maintenance　of
self…respect　and　honour；　and；　on　the　other　hand；　a　self　which　exists　purely　for　its　own　sake　and
whose　self…existence　is　not　yet　done　away　with；　the　self…will　that　remains　always　in　reserve。　These
two　moments　into　which　the　extremes　are　refined；　and　which；　therefore；　find　expression　in
language；　are　the　abstract　universal；　which　is　called　the　〃universal　best〃；　and　the　pure　self　which　by
rendering　service　abrogated　the　life　of　absorption　in　the　manifold　variety　of　existence。　Both　in
principle　are　the　same；　for　pure　self　is　just　the　abstract　universal；　and　hence　their　unity　acts　as　their
mediating　term。　But　the　self　is；　at　first；　actual　only　in　consciousness；　the　one　extreme；　while　the
inherent　nature　（Ansich）　is　actualized　in　the　other　extreme；　state…authority。　That　state…power　not
merely　in　the　form　of　honour　but　in　reality　should　be　transferred　to　it；　is　lacking　in　the　case　of
consciousness；　while　in　the　case　of　state…authority　there　is　lacking　the　obedience　rendered　to　it　not
merely　as　a　so…called　universal　best；　but　as　will；　in　other　words；　as　state…power　which　is　the　self
regulating　and　deciding。　The　unity　of　the　principle　in　which　state…power　still　remains；　and　into
which　consciousness　has　been　refined；　becomes　real　in　this　mediating　process；　and　this　exists　qua
mediating　term　in　the　simple　form　of　speech。　All　the　same；　the　aspects　of　this　unity　are　not　yet
present　in　the　form　of　two　selves　as　selves；　for　state…power　has　first　to　be　inspired　with　active
self…hood。　This　language　is；　therefore；　not　yet　spiritual　existence　in　the　sense　in　which　spirit
completely　knows　and　expresses　itself。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（a）　Flattery

The　noble　consciousness；　being　the　extreme　which　is　the　self；　assumes　the　r？le　of　producing　the
language　by　which　the　separate　factors　related　are　formed　into　active　spiritual　wholes。　The　heroism
of　dumb　service　passes　into　the　heroism　of　flattery。　This　reflexion　of　service　in　express　language
constitutes　the　spiritual　self…disintegrating　mediating　term；　and　reflects　back　into　itself　not　only　its
own　special　extreme；　but　reflects　the　extreme　of　universal　power　back　into　this　self　too；　and
makes　that　power；　which　is　at　first　implicit；　into　an　independent　self…existence；　and　gives　it　the
individualistic　form　of　self…consciousness。　Through　this　process　the　indwelling　spirit　of　this
state…power　comes　into　existence　—　that　of　an　unlimited　monarch。　It　is　unlimited；　the　language　of
flattery　raises　this　power　into　its　transparent；　purified　universality；　this　moment　being　the　product　of
language；　of　purified　spiritualized　existence；　is　a　purified　form　of　self…identity。　It　is　a　monarch；　for
flattering　language　likewise　puts　individualistic　self…consciousness　on　its　pinnacle；　what　the　noble
consciousness　abandons　as　regards　this　aspect　of　pure　spiritual　unity　is　the　pure　essential　nature　of
its　thought；　its　ego　itself。　More　definitely　expressed：　…　flattery　raises　the　individual　singleness；　which
otherwise　is　only　imagined；　into　its　purist　form　as　an　actual　existence；　by　giving　the　monarch　his
proper　name。　For　it　is　in　the　name　alone　that　the　distinction　of　the　individual　from　every　one　else　is
not　imagined　but　is　actually　made　by　all。　By　having　a　name　the　individual　passes　for　a　pure
individual　not　merely　in　his　own　consciousness　of　himself；　but　in　the　consciousness　of　all。　By　its
name；　then；　the　monarch　becomes　absolutely　detached　from　every　one；　exclusive　and　solitary；　and
in　virtue　of　it　is　unique　as　an　atom　that　cannot　communicate　any　part　of　its　essential　nature；　and　has
no　equal。　This　name　is　thus　its　reflexion　into　itself；　or　is　the　actual　reality　which　universal　power　has
inherently　within　itself：　through　the　name　the　power　is　the　monarch。（6）　Conversely　he；　this　particular
individual；　thereby　knows　himself；　this　individual　self；　to　be　the　universal　power；　knows　that　the。
nobles　not　only　are　ready　and　prepared　for　the　service　of　the　state…authority；　but　are　grouped　as
an　ornamental　setting　round　the　throne；　and　that　they　are　for　ever　telling　him　who　sits　thereon　what
he　is。

The　language　of　their　proffered　praise　is　in　this　way　the　spirit　that　unites　together　the　two　extremes
in　the　case　of　state…power　itself。　This　language　turns　the　abstract　power　back　into　itself；　and　gives
to　it　the　moment　peculiar　to　the　other　extreme；　an　isolated　self　of　its　own；　willing　and　deciding　on
its　own　account；　and　consequently　gives　it　self…conscious　existence。　Or　again；　by　that　means　this
actual　individual　self…consciousness　comes　to　be　aware　of　itself　for　certain　as　the　supreme
authority。　This　power　is　the　central　focal　self　into　which；　through　relinquishing　their　own　inner
certainty　of　self；　the　many　separate　centres　of　selfhood　are　fused　together　into　one。

Since；　however；　this　proper　spirit　of　state…power　subsists　by　getting　its　realization　and　its
nourishment　from　the　homage　of　action　and　thought　rendered　by　the　nobility；　it　is　a　form　of
independence　in　internal　self…estrangement。　The　noble；　the　extreme　form　of　self…existence；　receives
the　other　extreme　of　actual　universality　in　return　for　the　universality　of　thought　which　he
relinquished。　The　power　of　the　state　has　passed　over　to　and　fallen　upon　the　noble。　It　falls　to　the
noble　primarily　to　make　the　state…authority　truly　effective：　in　his　existence　as　a　self　on　his　own
account；　that　authority　ceases　to　be　the　inert　being　it　appeared　to　be　qua　extreme　of　abstract　and
merely　implicit　reality。

Looked　at　per　se；　state…power　reflected　back　into　itself；　or　becoming　spiritual；　means　nothing　else
than　that　it　has　come　to　be　a　moment　of　self…conscious　life；　i。e。　is　only　by　being　sublated。
Consequently　it　is　now　the　real　in　the　sense　of　something　whose　spiritual　meaning　lies　in　being
sacrificed　and　squandered；　it　exists　in　the　sense　of　wealth。　It　continues；　no　doubt；　to　subsist　at　the
same　time　as　a　form　of　reality　over　against　wealth；　into　which　in　principle　it　is　forever　passing；　but　it
is　a　reality；　whose　inherent　principle　is　this　very　process　of　passing　over…owing　to　the　service　and
the　reverence　rendered　to　it；　and　by　which　it　arises　—　into　its　opposite；　into　the　condition　of
relinquishing　its　power。　Thus　from　its　point　of　view　（Fürsich）　the　special　and　peculiar　self；　which
constitutes　its　will；　becomes；　by　the　self…abasement　of　the　nobility；　a　universal　that　renounces　itself；
becomes　completely　an　isolated　particular；　a　mere　accident；　which　is　the　prey　of　every　stronger
will。　What　remains　to　it　of　the　universally　acknowledged　and　incommunicable　independence　is　the
empty　name。

While；　then；　the　noble　consciousness　adopted　the　attitude　of　something　that　stood　in　concord　with
the　universal　power；（7）　its　true　nature　lies　rather　in　retaining　its　own　independence　of　being　when
rendering　its　service；　but；　when　really　and　properly　abnegating　its　personality；　its　true　being　lies　in
actua