the history-第132章
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al use； Xerxes took his seat on it； and； gazing thence upon the shore below； beheld at one view all his land forces and all his ships。 While thus employed； he felt a desire to behold a sailing…match among his ships； which accordingly took place； and was won by the Phoenicians of Sidon； much to the joy of Xerxes； who was delighted alike with the race and with his army。 And now； as he looked and saw the whole Hellespont covered with the vessels of his fleet； and all the shore and every plain about Abydos as full as possible of men； Xerxes congratulated himself on his good fortune； but after a little while he wept。 Then Artabanus； the king's uncle （the same who at the first so freely spake his mind to the king； and advised him not to lead his army against Greece）； when he heard that Xerxes was in tears； went to him； and said：… 〃How different； sire； is what thou art now doing； from what thou didst a little while ago！ Then thou didst congratulate thyself； and now； behold！ thou weepest。〃 〃There came upon me；〃 replied he； 〃a sudden pity； when I thought of the shortness of man's life； and considered that of all this host； so numerous as it is； not one will be alive when a hundred years are gone by。〃 〃And yet there are sadder things in life than that；〃 returned the other。 〃Short as our time is； there is no man； whether it be here among this multitude or elsewhere； who is so happy； as not to have felt the wish… I will not say once； but full many a time… that he were dead rather than alive。 Calamities fall upon us； sicknesses vex and harass us； and make life； short though it be； to appear long。 So death； through the wretchedness of our life； is a most sweet refuge to our race： and God； who gives us the tastes that we enjoy of pleasant times； is seen； in his very gift； to be envious。〃 〃True；〃 said Xerxes； 〃human life is even such as thou hast painted it； O Artabanus！ But for this very reason let us turn our thoughts from it； and not dwell on what is so sad； when pleasant things are in hand。 Tell me rather； if the vision which we saw had not appeared so plainly to thyself； wouldst thou have been still of the same mind as formerly； and have continued to dissuade me from warring against Greece； or wouldst thou at this time think differently？ Come now； tell me this honestly。〃 〃O king！〃 replied the other； 〃may the dream which hath appeared to us have such issue as we both desire！ For my own part； I am still full of fear； and have scarcely power to control myself； when I consider all our dangers； and especially when I see that the two things which are of most consequence are alike opposed to thee。〃 〃Thou strange man！〃 said Xerxes in reply… 〃what； I pray thee； are the two things thou speakest of？ Does my land army seem to thee too small in number； and will the Greeks； thinkest thou； bring into the field a more numerous host？ Or is it our fleet which thou deemest weaker than theirs？ Or art thou fearful on both accounts？ If in thy judgment we fall short in either respect； it were easy to bring together with all speed another armament。〃 〃O king！〃 said Artabanus； 〃it is not possible that a man of understanding should find fault with the size of thy army or the number of thy ships。 The more thou addest to these； the more hostile will those two things； whereof I spake； become。 Those two things are the land and the sea。 In all the wide sea there is not； I imagine； anywhere a harbour large enough to receive thy vessels； in case a storm arise； and afford them a sure protection。 And yet thou wilt want； not one such harbour only； but many in succession； along the entire coast by which thou art about to make thy advance。 In default then of such harbours； it is well to bear in mind that chances rule men； and not men chances。 Such is the first of the two dangers； and now I will speak to thee of the second。 The land will also be thine enemy； for if no one resists thy advance； as thou proceedest farther and farther； insensibly allured onwards （for who is ever sated with success？）； thou wilt find it more and more hostile。 I mean this； that； should nothing else withstand thee； yet the mere distance； becoming greater as time goes on； will at last produce a famine。 Methinks it is best for men； when they take counsel； to be timorous； and imagine all possible calamities； but when the time for action comes； then to deal boldly。〃 Whereto Xerxes answered… 〃There is reason； O Artabanus！ in everything which thou hast said； but I pray thee； fear not all things alike； nor count up every risk。 For if in each matter that comes before us thou wilt look to all possible chances； never wilt thou achieve anything。 Far better is it to have a stout heart always； and suffer one's share of evils； than to be ever fearing what may happen； and never incur a mischance。 Moreover； if thou wilt oppose whatever is said by others； without thyself showing us the sure course which we ought to take； thou art as likely to lead us into failure as they who advise differently； for thou art but on a par with them。 And as for that sure course； how canst thou show it us when thou art but a man？ I do not believe thou canst。 Success for the most part attends those who act boldly； not those who weigh everything； and are slack to venture。 Thou seest to how great a height the power of Persia has now reached… never would it have grown to this point if they who sate upon the throne before me had been like…minded with thee； or even； though not like…minded； had listened to councillors of such a spirit。 'Twas by brave ventures that they extended their sway； for great empires can only be conquered by great risks。 We follow then the example of our fathers in making this march； and we set forward at the best season of the year； so； when we have brought Europe under us； we shall return； without suffering from want or experiencing any other calamity。 For while on the one hand we carry vast stores of provisions with us； on the other we shall have the grain of all the countries and nations that we attack； since our march is not directed against a pastoral people； but against men who are tillers of the ground。〃 Then said Artabanus… 〃If； sire； thou art determined that we shall not fear anything； at least hearken to a counsel which I wish to offer； for when the matters in hand are so many； one cannot but have much to say。 Thou knowest that Cyrus the son of Cambyses reduced and made tributary to the Persians all the race of the Ionians； except only those of Attica。 Now my advice is that thou on no account lead forth these men against their fathers； since we are well able to overcome them without such aid。 Their choice； if we take them with us to the war； lies between showing themselves the most wicked of men by helping to enslave their fatherland； or the most righteous by joining in the struggle to keep it free。 If then they choose the side of injustice； they will do us but scant good； while if they determine to act justly； they may greatly injure our host。 Lay thou to heart the old proverb； which says truly； 'The beginning and end of a matter are not always seen at once。' 〃Artabanus；〃 answered Xerxes； 〃there is nothing in all that thou hast said； wherein thou art so wholly wrong as in this； that thou suspectest the faith of the Ionians。 Have they not given us the surest proof of their attachment… a proof which thou didst thyself witness； and likewise all those who fought with Darius against the Scythians？ When it lay wholly with them to save or to destroy the entire Persian army； they dealt by us honourably and with good faith； and did us no hurt at all。 Besides； they will leave behind them in our country their wives； their children； and their properties… can it then be conceived that they will attempt rebellion？ Have no fear； therefore； on this score； but keep a brave heart and uphold my house and empire。 To thee； and thee only； do I intrust my sovereignty。〃 After Xerxes had thus spoken； and had sent Artabanus away to return to Susa； he summoned before him all the Persians of most repute； and when they appeared； addressed them in these words：… 〃Persians； I have brought you together because I wished to exhort you to behave bravely； and not to sully with disgrace the former ac
