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gyptians¡¡are¡¡so¡¡strong¡£¡¡The¡¡Persians£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡other¡¡hand£»¡¡have¡¡feeble¡¡skulls£»¡¡because¡¡they¡¡keep¡¡themselves¡¡shaded¡¡from¡¡the¡¡first£»¡¡wearing¡¡turbans¡¡upon¡¡their¡¡heads¡£¡¡What¡¡I¡¡have¡¡here¡¡mentioned¡¡I¡¡saw¡¡with¡¡my¡¡own¡¡eyes£»¡¡and¡¡I¡¡observed¡¡also¡¡the¡¡like¡¡at¡¡Papremis£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡case¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Persians¡¡who¡¡were¡¡killed¡¡with¡¡Achaeamenes£»¡¡the¡¡son¡¡of¡¡Darius£»¡¡by¡¡Inarus¡¡the¡¡Libyan¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡Egyptians¡¡who¡¡fought¡¡in¡¡the¡¡battle£»¡¡no¡¡sooner¡¡turned¡¡their¡¡backs¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡enemy£»¡¡than¡¡they¡¡fled¡¡away¡¡in¡¡complete¡¡disorder¡¡to¡¡Memphis£»¡¡where¡¡they¡¡shut¡¡themselves¡¡up¡¡within¡¡the¡¡walls¡£¡¡Hereupon¡¡Cambyses¡¡sent¡¡a¡¡Mytilenaean¡¡vessel£»¡¡with¡¡a¡¡Persian¡¡herald¡¡on¡¡board£»¡¡who¡¡was¡¡to¡¡sail¡¡up¡¡the¡¡Nile¡¡to¡¡Memphis£»¡¡and¡¡invite¡¡the¡¡Egyptians¡¡to¡¡a¡¡surrender¡£¡¡They£»¡¡however£»¡¡when¡¡they¡¡saw¡¡the¡¡vessel¡¡entering¡¡the¡¡town£»¡¡poured¡¡forth¡¡in¡¡crowds¡¡from¡¡the¡¡castle£»¡¡destroyed¡¡the¡¡ship£»¡¡and£»¡¡tearing¡¡the¡¡crew¡¡limb¡¡from¡¡limb£»¡¡so¡¡bore¡¡them¡¡into¡¡the¡¡fortress¡£¡¡After¡¡this¡¡Memphis¡¡was¡¡besieged£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡due¡¡time¡¡surrendered¡£¡¡Hereon¡¡the¡¡Libyans¡¡who¡¡bordered¡¡upon¡¡Egypt£»¡¡fearing¡¡the¡¡fate¡¡of¡¡that¡¡country£»¡¡gave¡¡themselves¡¡up¡¡to¡¡Cambyses¡¡without¡¡a¡¡battle£»¡¡made¡¡an¡¡agreement¡¡to¡¡pay¡¡tribute¡¡to¡¡him£»¡¡and¡¡forthwith¡¡sent¡¡him¡¡gifts¡£¡¡The¡¡Cyrenaeans¡¡too£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Barcaeans£»¡¡having¡¡the¡¡same¡¡fear¡¡as¡¡the¡¡Libyans£»¡¡immediately¡¡did¡¡the¡¡like¡£¡¡Cambyses¡¡received¡¡the¡¡Libyan¡¡presents¡¡very¡¡graciously£»¡¡but¡¡not¡¡so¡¡the¡¡gifts¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Cyrenaeans¡£¡¡They¡¡had¡¡sent¡¡no¡¡more¡¡than¡¡five¡¡hundred¡¡minx¡¡of¡¡silver£»¡¡which¡¡Cambyses£»¡¡I¡¡imagine£»¡¡thought¡¡too¡¡little¡£¡¡He¡¡therefore¡¡snatched¡¡the¡¡money¡¡from¡¡them£»¡¡and¡¡with¡¡his¡¡own¡¡hands¡¡scattered¡¡it¡¡among¡¡his¡¡soldiers¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Ten¡¡days¡¡after¡¡the¡¡fort¡¡had¡¡fallen£»¡¡Cambyses¡¡resolved¡¡to¡¡try¡¡the¡¡spirit¡¡of¡¡Psammenitus£»¡¡the¡¡Egyptian¡¡king£»¡¡whose¡¡whole¡¡reign¡¡had¡¡been¡¡but¡¡six¡¡months¡£¡¡He¡¡therefore¡¡had¡¡him¡¡set¡¡in¡¡one¡¡of¡¡the¡¡suburbs£»¡¡and¡¡many¡¡other¡¡Egyptians¡¡with¡¡him£»¡¡and¡¡there¡¡subjected¡¡him¡¡to¡¡insult¡£¡¡First¡¡of¡¡all¡¡he¡¡sent¡¡his¡¡daughter¡¡out¡¡from¡¡the¡¡city£»¡¡clothed¡¡in¡¡the¡¡garb¡¡of¡¡a¡¡slave£»¡¡with¡¡a¡¡pitcher¡¡to¡¡draw¡¡water¡£¡¡Many¡¡virgins£»¡¡the¡¡daughters¡¡of¡¡the¡¡chief¡¡nobles£»¡¡accompanied¡¡her£»¡¡wearing¡¡the¡¡same¡¡dress¡£¡¡When¡¡the¡¡damsels¡¡came¡¡opposite¡¡the¡¡place¡¡where¡¡their¡¡fathers¡¡sate£»¡¡shedding¡¡tears¡¡and¡¡uttering¡¡cries¡¡of¡¡woe£»¡¡the¡¡fathers£»¡¡all¡¡but¡¡Psammenitus£»¡¡wept¡¡and¡¡wailed¡¡in¡¡return£»¡¡grieving¡¡to¡¡see¡¡their¡¡children¡¡in¡¡so¡¡sad¡¡a¡¡plight£»¡¡but¡¡he£»¡¡when¡¡he¡¡had¡¡looked¡¡and¡¡seen£»¡¡bent¡¡his¡¡head¡¡towards¡¡the¡¡ground¡£¡¡In¡¡this¡¡way¡¡passed¡¡by¡¡the¡¡water¡­carriers¡£¡¡Next¡¡to¡¡them¡¡came¡¡Psammenitus'¡¡son£»¡¡and¡¡two¡¡thousand¡¡Egyptians¡¡of¡¡the¡¡same¡¡age¡¡with¡¡him¡­¡¡all¡¡of¡¡them¡¡having¡¡ropes¡¡round¡¡their¡¡necks¡¡and¡¡bridles¡¡in¡¡their¡¡mouths¡­¡¡and¡¡they¡¡too¡¡passed¡¡by¡¡on¡¡their¡¡way¡¡to¡¡suffer¡¡death¡¡for¡¡the¡¡murder¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Mytilenaeans¡¡who¡¡were¡¡destroyed£»¡¡with¡¡their¡¡vessel£»¡¡in¡¡Memphis¡£¡¡For¡¡so¡¡had¡¡the¡¡royal¡¡judges¡¡given¡¡their¡¡sentence¡¡for¡¡each¡¡Mytilenaean¡¡ten¡¡of¡¡the¡¡noblest¡¡Egyptians¡¡must¡¡forfeit¡¡life¡£¡¨¡¡King¡¡Psammenitus¡¡saw¡¡the¡¡train¡¡pass¡¡on£»¡¡and¡¡knew¡¡his¡¡son¡¡was¡¡being¡¡led¡¡to¡¡death£»¡¡but¡¡while¡¡the¡¡other¡¡Egyptians¡¡who¡¡sate¡¡around¡¡him¡¡wept¡¡and¡¡were¡¡sorely¡¡troubled£»¡¡he¡¡showed¡¡no¡¡further¡¡sign¡¡than¡¡when¡¡he¡¡saw¡¡his¡¡daughter¡£¡¡And¡¡now£»¡¡when¡¡they¡¡too¡¡were¡¡gone£»¡¡it¡¡chanced¡¡that¡¡one¡¡of¡¡his¡¡former¡¡boon¡­companions£»¡¡a¡¡man¡¡advanced¡¡in¡¡years£»¡¡who¡¡had¡¡been¡¡stripped¡¡of¡¡all¡¡that¡¡he¡¡had¡¡and¡¡was¡¡a¡¡beggar£»¡¡came¡¡where¡¡Psammenitus£»¡¡son¡¡of¡¡Amasis£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡rest¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Egyptians¡¡were£»¡¡asking¡¡alms¡¡from¡¡the¡¡soldiers¡£¡¡At¡¡this¡¡sight¡¡the¡¡king¡¡burst¡¡into¡¡tears£»¡¡and¡¡weeping¡¡out¡¡aloud£»¡¡called¡¡his¡¡friend¡¡by¡¡his¡¡name£»¡¡and¡¡smote¡¡himself¡¡on¡¡the¡¡head¡£¡¡Now¡¡there¡¡were¡¡some¡¡who¡¡had¡¡been¡¡set¡¡to¡¡watch¡¡Psammenitus¡¡and¡¡see¡¡what¡¡he¡¡would¡¡do¡¡as¡¡each¡¡train¡¡went¡¡by£»¡¡so¡¡these¡¡persons¡¡went¡¡and¡¡told¡¡Cambyses¡¡of¡¡his¡¡behaviour¡£¡¡Then¡¡he£»¡¡astonished¡¡at¡¡what¡¡was¡¡done£»¡¡sent¡¡a¡¡messenger¡¡to¡¡Psammenitus£»¡¡and¡¡questioned¡¡him£»¡¡saying£»¡¡¡¨Psammenitus£»¡¡thy¡¡lord¡¡Cambyses¡¡asketh¡¡thee¡¡why£»¡¡when¡¡thou¡¡sawest¡¡thy¡¡daughter¡¡brought¡¡to¡¡shame£»¡¡and¡¡thy¡¡son¡¡on¡¡his¡¡way¡¡to¡¡death£»¡¡thou¡¡didst¡¡neither¡¡utter¡¡cry¡¡nor¡¡shed¡¡tear£»¡¡while¡¡to¡¡a¡¡beggar£»¡¡who¡¡is£»¡¡he¡¡hears£»¡¡a¡¡stranger¡¡to¡¡thy¡¡race£»¡¡thou¡¡gavest¡¡those¡¡marks¡¡of¡¡honour¡£¡¨¡¡To¡¡this¡¡question¡¡Psammenitus¡¡made¡¡answer£»¡¡¡¨O¡¡son¡¡of¡¡Cyrus£»¡¡my¡¡own¡¡misfortunes¡¡were¡¡too¡¡great¡¡for¡¡tears£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡woe¡¡of¡¡my¡¡friend¡¡deserved¡¡them¡£¡¡When¡¡a¡¡man¡¡falls¡¡from¡¡splendour¡¡and¡¡plenty¡¡into¡¡beggary¡¡at¡¡the¡¡threshold¡¡of¡¡old¡¡age£»¡¡one¡¡may¡¡well¡¡weep¡¡for¡¡him¡£¡¨¡¡When¡¡the¡¡messenger¡¡brought¡¡back¡¡this¡¡answer£»¡¡Cambyses¡¡owned¡¡it¡¡was¡¡just£»¡¡Croesus£»¡¡likewise£»¡¡the¡¡Egyptians¡¡say£»¡¡burst¡¡into¡¡tears¡­¡¡for¡¡he¡¡too¡¡had¡¡come¡¡into¡¡Egypt¡¡with¡¡Cambyses¡­¡¡and¡¡the¡¡Persians¡¡who¡¡were¡¡present¡¡wept¡£¡¡Even¡¡Cambyses¡¡himself¡¡was¡¡touched¡¡with¡¡pity£»¡¡and¡¡he¡¡forthwith¡¡gave¡¡an¡¡order¡¡that¡¡the¡¡son¡¡of¡¡Psammenitus¡¡should¡¡be¡¡spared¡¡from¡¡the¡¡number¡¡of¡¡those¡¡appointed¡¡to¡¡die£»¡¡and¡¡Psammenitus¡¡himself¡¡brought¡¡from¡¡the¡¡suburb¡¡into¡¡his¡¡presence¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡messengers¡¡were¡¡too¡¡late¡¡to¡¡save¡¡the¡¡life¡¡of¡¡Psammenitus'¡¡son£»¡¡who¡¡had¡¡been¡¡cut¡¡in¡¡pieces¡¡the¡¡first¡¡of¡¡all£»¡¡but¡¡they¡¡took¡¡Psammenitus¡¡himself¡¡and¡¡brought¡¡him¡¡before¡¡the¡¡king¡£¡¡Cambyses¡¡allowed¡¡him¡¡to¡¡live¡¡with¡¡him£»¡¡and¡¡gave¡¡him¡¡no¡¡more¡¡harsh¡¡treatment£»¡¡nay£»¡¡could¡¡he¡¡have¡¡kept¡¡from¡¡intermeddling¡¡with¡¡affairs£»¡¡he¡¡might¡¡have¡¡recovered¡¡Egypt£»¡¡and¡¡ruled¡¡it¡¡as¡¡governor¡£¡¡For¡¡the¡¡Persian¡¡wont¡¡is¡¡to¡¡treat¡¡the¡¡sons¡¡of¡¡kings¡¡with¡¡honour£»¡¡and¡¡even¡¡to¡¡give¡¡their¡¡fathers'¡¡kingdoms¡¡to¡¡the¡¡children¡¡of¡¡such¡¡as¡¡revolt¡¡from¡¡them¡£¡¡There¡¡are¡¡many¡¡cases¡¡from¡¡which¡¡one¡¡may¡¡collect¡¡that¡¡this¡¡is¡¡the¡¡Persian¡¡rule£»¡¡and¡¡especially¡¡those¡¡of¡¡Pausiris¡¡and¡¡Thannyras¡£¡¡Thannyras¡¡was¡¡son¡¡of¡¡Inarus¡¡the¡¡Libyan£»¡¡and¡¡was¡¡allowed¡¡to¡¡succeed¡¡his¡¡father£»¡¡as¡¡was¡¡also¡¡Pausiris£»¡¡son¡¡of¡¡Amyrtaeus£»¡¡yet¡¡certainly¡¡no¡¡two¡¡persons¡¡ever¡¡did¡¡the¡¡Persians¡¡more¡¡damage¡¡than¡¡Amyrtaeus¡¡and¡¡Inarus¡£¡¡In¡¡this¡¡case¡¡Psammenitus¡¡plotted¡¡evil£»¡¡and¡¡received¡¡his¡¡reward¡¡accordingly¡£¡¡He¡¡was¡¡discovered¡¡to¡¡be¡¡stirring¡¡up¡¡revolt¡¡in¡¡Egypt£»¡¡wherefore¡¡Cambyses£»¡¡when¡¡his¡¡guilt¡¡clearly¡¡appeared£»¡¡compelled¡¡him¡¡to¡¡drink¡¡bull's¡¡blood£»¡¡which¡¡presently¡¡caused¡¡his¡¡death¡£¡¡Such¡¡was¡¡the¡¡end¡¡of¡¡Psammenitus¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡After¡¡this¡¡Cambyses¡¡left¡¡Memphis£»¡¡and¡¡went¡¡to¡¡Sais£»¡¡wishing¡¡to¡¡do¡¡that¡¡which¡¡he¡¡actually¡¡did¡¡on¡¡his¡¡arrival¡¡there¡£¡¡He¡¡entered¡¡the¡¡palace¡¡of¡¡Amasis£»¡¡and¡¡straightway¡¡commanded¡¡that¡¡the¡¡body¡¡of¡¡the¡¡king¡¡should¡¡be¡¡brought¡¡forth¡¡from¡¡the¡¡sepulchre¡£¡¡When¡¡the¡¡attendants¡¡did¡¡according¡¡to¡¡his¡¡commandment£»¡¡he¡¡further¡¡bade¡¡them¡¡scourge¡¡the¡¡body£»¡¡and¡¡prick¡¡it¡¡with¡¡goads£»¡¡and¡¡pluck¡¡the¡¡hair¡¡from¡¡it£»¡¡and¡¡heap¡¡upon¡¡it¡¡all¡¡manner¡¡of¡¡insults¡£¡¡The¡¡body£»¡¡however£»¡¡having¡¡been¡¡embalmed£»¡¡resisted£»¡¡and¡¡refused¡¡to¡¡come¡¡apart£»¡¡do¡¡what¡¡they¡¡would¡¡to¡¡it£»¡¡so¡¡the¡¡attendants¡¡grew¡¡weary¡¡of¡¡their¡¡work£»¡¡whereupon¡¡Cambyses¡¡bade¡¡them¡¡take¡¡the¡¡corpse¡¡and¡¡burn¡¡it¡£¡¡This¡¡was¡¡truly¡¡an¡¡impious¡¡command¡¡to¡¡give£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡Persians¡¡hold¡¡fire¡¡to¡¡be¡¡a¡¡god£»¡¡and¡¡never¡¡by¡¡any¡¡chance¡¡burn¡¡their¡¡dead¡£¡¡Indeed¡¡this¡¡practice¡¡is¡¡unlawful£»¡¡both¡¡with¡¡them¡¡and¡¡with¡¡the¡¡Egyptians¡­¡¡with¡¡them¡¡for¡¡the¡¡reason¡¡above¡¡mentioned£»¡¡since¡¡they¡¡deem¡¡it¡¡wrong¡¡to¡¡give¡¡the¡¡corpse¡¡of¡¡a¡¡man¡¡to¡¡a¡¡god£»¡¡and¡¡with¡¡the¡¡Egyptians£»¡¡because¡¡they¡¡believe¡¡fire¡¡to¡¡be¡¡a¡¡live¡¡animal£»¡¡which¡¡eats¡¡whatever¡¡it¡¡can¡¡seize£»¡¡and¡¡then£»¡¡glutted¡¡with¡¡the¡¡food£»¡¡dies¡¡with¡¡the¡¡matter¡¡which¡¡it¡¡feeds¡¡upon¡£¡¡Now¡¡to¡¡give¡¡a¡¡man's¡¡body¡¡to¡¡be¡¡devoured¡¡by¡¡beasts¡¡is¡¡in¡¡no¡¡wise¡¡agreeable¡¡to¡¡their¡¡customs£»¡¡and¡¡indeed¡¡this¡¡is¡¡the¡¡very¡¡reason¡¡why¡¡they¡¡embalm¡¡their¡¡dead£»¡¡namely£»¡¡to¡¡prevent¡¡them¡¡from¡¡being¡¡eaten¡¡in¡¡the¡¡grave¡¡by¡¡worms¡£¡¡Thus¡¡Cambyses¡¡commanded¡¡what¡¡both¡¡nations¡¡accounted¡¡unlawful¡£¡¡According¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Egyptians£»¡¡it¡¡was¡¡not¡¡Amasis¡¡who¡¡was¡¡thus¡¡treated£»¡¡but¡¡another¡¡of¡¡their¡¡nation¡¡who¡¡was¡¡of¡¡about¡¡the¡¡same¡¡height¡£¡¡The¡¡Persians£»¡¡believing¡¡this¡¡man's¡¡body¡¡to¡¡be¡¡the¡¡king's£»¡¡abused¡¡it¡¡in¡¡the¡¡fashion¡¡described¡¡above¡£¡¡Amasis£»¡¡they¡¡say£»¡¡was¡¡warned¡¡by¡¡an¡¡oracle¡¡of¡¡what¡¡would¡¡happen¡¡to¡¡him¡¡after¡¡his¡¡death£º¡¡in¡¡order£»¡¡therefore£»¡¡to¡¡prevent¡¡the¡¡impending¡¡fate£»¡¡he¡¡buried¡¡the¡¡body£»¡¡which¡¡afterwards¡¡received¡¡the¡¡blows£»¡¡inside¡¡his¡¡own¡¡tomb¡¡near¡¡the¡¡entrance£»¡¡commanding¡¡his¡¡son¡¡to¡¡bury¡¡him£»¡¡when¡¡he¡¡died£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡furthest¡¡recess¡¡of¡¡the¡¡same¡¡sepulchre¡£¡¡For¡¡my¡¡own¡¡part¡¡I¡¡do¡¡not¡¡believe¡¡that¡¡these¡¡orders¡¡were¡¡ever¡¡given¡¡by¡¡Amasis£»¡¡the¡¡Egyptians£»¡¡as¡¡it¡¡seems¡¡to¡¡me£»¡¡falsely¡¡assert¡¡it£»¡¡to¡¡save¡¡their¡¡own¡¡dignity¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡After¡¡this¡¡Cambyses¡¡took¡¡counsel¡¡with¡¡himself£»¡¡and¡¡planned¡¡three¡¡expeditions¡£¡¡One¡¡was¡¡against¡¡the¡¡Carthaginians£»¡¡another¡¡against¡¡the¡¡Ammonians£»¡¡and¡¡a¡¡third¡¡against¡¡the¡¡long¡­lived¡¡Ethiopians£»¡¡who¡¡dwelt¡¡in¡¡that¡¡part¡¡of¡¡Libya¡¡which¡¡borders¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡southern¡¡sea¡£¡¡He¡¡judged¡¡it¡¡best¡¡to¡¡despatch¡¡his¡¡fleet¡¡against¡¡Carthage¡¡and¡¡to¡¡send¡¡some¡¡portion¡¡of¡¡his¡¡land¡¡army¡¡to¡¡act¡¡against¡¡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