study of the king james bible(杯咫ヾ淵将ゝ冩梢)-及10嫗
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some one has said�察 �You could love him�察 �you could despise him�察 �you
could not hate him。; He could say some witty and striking things。 For
example�察�when he was urging the formal union of Scotland and England�察�
and it was opposed�察�he said�此 �But I am the husband�察�and the whole island
is my wife。 I hope no one will be so unreasonable as to suppose that I�察�that
am a Christian king under the Gospel�察�should be a polygamist and husband
to two wives。;��2�А�After the conference of which we have been speaking�察�
he wrote to a friend in Scotland�此 �I have had a revel with the Puritans and
have peppered them soundly。; As indeed he had。 Then�察�in some sense at
least�察 �James was a born theologian。; He had studied the Bible in some
form from childhood�察�one of the first things we hear of his doing is the
writing of a paraphrase on the book of the Revelation。 In his talk he made
easy and free use of Scripture quotations。 To be sure�察�his knowledge�察�on
which he prided himself unconscionably�察�was shallow and pedantic。 Henry
IV。 of France�察�one of his contemporaries�察�said that he was ;the wisest fool
in Christendom。;
��2�А�Trevelyan�察�England Under the Stuarts�察�p。 107。
Now�察 �it was this man who was making his royal progress from
Edinburgh to London in March�察�1603�察�nearly a year before the gathering
of men which we were observing at the opening of this study。 Many things
happened on the journey besides his falling off his horse several times�察�but
one of the most significant was the halting of the progress to receive what
was called the Miliary Petition�察�whose name implies that it was signed by
a thousand menactually somewhat less than that numbermostly
ministers of the Church。 The Petition made no mention of any Bible
version�察�yet it was the beginning of the events which led to it。 Back of it
was the Puritan influence。 It asked for reforms in the English Church�察�for
the correction of abuses which had grown under Elizabeth's increasing
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favor of ritual and ceremony。 It asked for a better´trained ministry�察 �for
better discipline in the Church�察 �for the omission of so many detailed
requirements of rites and ceremonies�察 �and for that perennially desired
reform�察�shorter church services� �
Very naturally the new King replied that he would take it up later�察�and
promised to call a conference to consider it。 And this he did。 The
conference met at Hampton Court in January�察�1604�察�and it was for this that
the men were coming from many parts of England。 The gathering was
held on the 14th�察 �16th�察 �and 18th of the month。 Its sole purpose was to
consider that Miliary Petition�察�but the King called to it not only those who
had signed the Petition�察�but those who had opposed it。 He had no notion of
granting any favor to it�察 �and from the first he gave the Puritans rough
treatment。 He told them he would have none of their non´ conformity�察�he
would ;make them conform or harry them out of the land。; Someone
suggested that since this was a Church matter there be called a Synod�察�or
some general gathering fitted to discuss and determine such things�察�rather
than leave it to a few Church dignitaries。 For the purposes of the
petitioners it was a most unfortunate expression。 James had just come
from Scotland�察�where the Presbyterians were with their Synod�察�and where
Calvinism was in full swing。 He was much in favor of some elements of
Calvinism�察 �but he could not see how all the elements held together。
Predestination�察�for example�察�which offends so many people to´day�察�was a
precious doctrine to King James�察�and he insisted that his subjects ought to
see how clearly God had predestined him to rule over them� �But he could
not tolerate the necessary logical inference of Calvinism that all men must
be equal before God�察�and so men can make and unmake kings as they need
to do so�察�the matter of king or subject being purely an incidental one。 He
remembered the time when Andrew Melville�察�one of the Scotch ministers�察�
had plucked him by his royal sleeve and called him ;God's silly vassal;
right to his face。 So�察�when some one said ;Synod; it brought the King up
standing。 He burst out�此 �If that is what you mean�察 �if you want what the
Scotch mean by their Synod and their Presbytery�察�then I tell you at once
that I will have none of it。 Presbytery agrees with monarchy very much as
God agrees with the devil。 If you have no bishop�察�you will soon have no
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king。; He was perfectly right�察�with reference to the kind of king he meant。
These things were to be settled�察 �he meant�察 �by authority�察 �and not by
conference。 That is the point to which Gardiner refers when he says that
;in two minutes James sealed his own fate and that of England forever。;��1�А�
��1�А�History of England�察�1603´42。
After that there was only a losing fight for the petitioners。 They had
touched a sore spot in James's history。 But it was when they touched that
sore spot again that they started the movement for a new version of the
Bible。 It was on the second day of the conference�察�January 16th�察�that Dr。
Reynolds�察�president of Corpus Christi College�察 �Oxford�察 �who represented
the moderate Puritan position�察�and�察�like many moderate men�察�was rather
suspected by both extreme wings�察�instanced as one of the hardships of the
Puritans that they were compelled to use the prayer´book of the time�察�and
that it contained many mistranslations of Scripture�察 �some of which he
quoted。 Now�察�it so happens that the errors to which he referred occur in the
Bishops' and the Great Bible�察�which were the two authorized versions of
the time�察 �but are all corrected in the Genevan version。 We do not know
what point he was trying to make�察�whether he was urging that the Genevan
version should supplant these others�察�or whether he was calling for a new
translation。 Indeed�察�we are not sure that he even mentioned the Genevan
version。 But James spoke up to say that he had never yet seen a Bible well
translated into English�察�but the worst of all he thought the Genevan to be。
He spoke as though he had just had a copy given him by an English lady�察�
and had already noted what he called its errors。 That was at the very least a
royal evasion�察�for if there was any Book he did know it was the Genevan
version。 He had been fairly raised on it�察�he had lived in the country where
it was commonly used。 It had been preached at him many and many a time。
Indeed�察�he had used it as the text for that paraphrase of the Revelation of
which we spoke a moment ago。 And he knew its noteswell he knew
them knew that they were from republican Geneva�察 �and that kingly
pretensions had short shrift with them。 James told the conference that
these notes were ;very partial�察 �untrue�察 �seditious�察 �savoring too much of
traitorous and dangerous conceits�察─ �supporting his opinion by two
instances which seemed disrespectful to royalty。 One of these instances
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