study of the king james bible(杯咫ヾ淵将ゝ冩梢)-及23嫗
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necessary for our purpose to go into details about that。 We shall have all
we need when we realize that�察�small as the volume of the book is�察�it yet
does cover all these types of literature。 Its difference from other books is
that it deals with all of its subjects so compactly。
It will accent this fact of its variety if we note the musical element in
the literature of the Bible。 It comes in part from the form which marks the
original Hebrew poetry。 It has become familiar to say that it is not of the
rhyming kind。 Rather it is marked by the balancing of phrases or of ideas�察�
so that it runs in couplets or in triplets throughout。 In the Psalms there is
always a balance of clauses。 They are sometimes adversative�察�sometimes
they are simply cumulative。 Take several instances from the 119th Psalm�察�
each a complete stanza of Hebrew poetry�察。�verse 15�� ;I will meditate in
thy precepts�察�and have respect unto thy ways;�察�or this ��verse 23���察 �Princes
also did sit and speak against me�此 �but thy servant did meditate in thy
statutes;�察 �or this ��verse 45���察 �And I will walk at liberty�此 �for I seek thy
precepts;�察 。�verse 51�撮� ;The proud have had me greatly in derision�此 �yet
have I not inclined from thy law。; Each presents a parallel or a contrast of
ideas。 That is the characteristic mark of Hebrew poetry。 It results in a kind
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of rhythm of the English which makes it very easy to set to music。 Some
of it can be sung�察 �though for some of it only the thunder is the right
accompaniment。 But it is not simply in the balance of phrases that the
musical element appears。 Sometimes it is in a natural but rhythmic
consecution of ideas。 The 35th chapter of Isaiah�察�for example�察�is not poetic
in the Hebrew�察�yet it is remarkably musical in the English。 Read it aloud
from our familiar version�此�
;The wilderness and the solitary place shall be glad for them�察�and the
desert shall rejoice�察�and blossom as the rose。 It shall blossom abundantly�察�
and rejoice even with joy and singing�察�the glory of Lebanon shall be given
unto it�察�the excellency of Carmel and Sharon�察�they shall see the glory of
the Lord�察�and the excellency of our God。 Strengthen ye the weak hands�察�
and confirm the feeble knees。 Say to them that are of a fearful heart�察�Be
strong�察�fear not�此�behold�察�your God will come with vengeance�察�even God
with a recompense�察�He will come and save you。 Then the eyes of the blind
shall be opened�察�and the ears of the deaf shall be unstopped。 Then shall the
lame man leap as a hart�察 �and the tongue of the dumb sing�此 �for in the
wilderness shall waters break out�察 �and streams in the desert。 And the
parched ground shall become a pool�察�and the thirsty land springs of water�此�
in the habitation of dragons�察�where each lay�察�shall be grass with reeds and
rushes。 And a highway shall be there�察�and a way�察�and it shall be called The
way of holiness�察�the unclean shall not pass over it�察�but it shall be for those�此�
the wayfaring men�察 �though fools�察 �shall not err therein。 No lion shall be
there�察 �nor any ravenous beast shall go up thereon�察 �it shall not be found
there�察 �but the redeemed shall walk there�此 �and the ransomed of the Lord
shall return�察�and come to Zion with songs and everlasting joy upon their
heads�察 �they shall obtain joy and gladness�察 �and sorrow and sighing shall
flee away。;
That can be set to music as it stands。 You catch the same form in the
familiar 13th chapter of I Corinthians�察�the chapter on Charity。 It could be
almost sung throughout。 This musical element is in sharp contrast with
much else in the Scripture�察�where necessity does not permit that literary
form。 For example�察�in the Epistle to the Hebrews�察�which is argumentative
throughout�察�there is no part except its quotations which has ever been set
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to music for uses in Christian worship。 It is rugged and protracted in its
form�察 �and has no musical element about it。 The contrast within the
Scripture of the musical and the unmusical is a very marked one。
Add to the thought of the earnestness and variety of the Scripture a
word about the simplicity of its literary expression。 There is nothing
meretricious in its style。 There is no effort to say a thing finely。 The
translators have avoided all temptation to grow dramatic in reproducing
the original。 Contrast the actual English Bible with the narratives or other
literary works that have been built up out of it。 Read all that the Bible tells
about the loss of Paradise�察�and then read Milton's ;Paradise Lost。; Nearly
all of the conceptions of Milton's greatest poem are built up from brief
Scripture references。 But Milton becomes subtle in his analysis of motives�察�
he enlarges greatly on events。 Scripture never does that。 It gives us very
few analyses of motive from first to last。 That is not the method nor the
purpose of Scripture。 It tells the story in terms that move on the middle
level of speech and the middle level of understanding�察�while Milton labors
with it�察�complicates it�察�entangling it with countless
details which are to the Scripture unimportant。 It goes straight to the
simple and fundamental elements in the account。 Take a more modern
illustration。 Probably the finest poem of its length in the English language
is Browning's ;Saul。; It is built out of one incident and a single expression
in the Bible story of Saul and David。 The incident is David's being called
from his sheep to play his harp and to sing before Saul in the fits of gloom
which overcome him�察�the expression is the single saying that David loved
Saul。 Taking that incident and that expression�察�Browning writes a beautiful
poem with many decorative details�察 �with keen analysis of motive�察 �with
long accounts of the way David felt when he rendered his service�察 �and
how his heart leaped or sang。 Imagine finding Browning's familiar phrases
in Scripture�此 �The lilies we twine round the harp´chords�察 �lest they snap
neath the stress of the noontide those sunbeams like swords;�察 �Oh�察�the
wild joy of living� ─ �Spring's arrowy summons�察─ �going ;straight to the
aim。; That is very well for Browning�察�but it is not the Scripture way�察�it is
too complicated。 All that the Bible says can be said anywhere�察�Browning's
;Saul; could not possibly be reproduced in other languages。 It would need
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a glossary or a commentary to make it intelligible。 It is beautiful English�察�
and great because it has taken a great idea and clothed it in worthy
expression。 But the simplicity of the Bible narrative appears in sharp
contrast with it。 In my childhood my father used to tell of a man who
preached on the creation�察�and with great detail and much elaboration and
decoration told the story of creation as it is suggested in the first chapter of
Genesis。 When it was over he asked an old listener what he thought of his
effort�察�and the only comment was�察 �You can't beat Moses� ─�Well�察�it would
be dif