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study of the king james bible(杯咫ヾ淵将ゝ冩梢)-及23嫗

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necessary for our purpose to go into details about that。 We shall have all 

we need when we realize that�察�small as the volume of the book is�察�it yet 

does cover all these types of literature。 Its difference from other books is 

that it deals with all of its subjects so compactly。 

     It will accent this fact of its variety if we note the musical element in 

the literature of the Bible。 It comes in part from the form which marks the 

original Hebrew poetry。 It has become familiar to say that it is not of the 

rhyming kind。 Rather it is marked by the balancing of phrases or of ideas�察�

so that it runs in couplets or in triplets throughout。 In the Psalms there is 

always a balance of clauses。 They are sometimes adversative�察�sometimes 

they are simply cumulative。 Take several instances from the 119th Psalm�察�

each a complete stanza of Hebrew poetry�察。�verse 15�� ;I will meditate in 

thy precepts�察�and have respect unto thy ways;�察�or this ��verse 23���察 �Princes 

also   did   sit   and   speak   against   me�此  �but   thy   servant   did   meditate   in   thy 

statutes;�察  �or   this   ��verse   45���察   �And   I   will   walk   at   liberty�此  �for   I   seek   thy 

precepts;�察  。�verse   51�撮�   ;The   proud   have   had   me   greatly   in   derision�此  �yet 

have I not inclined from thy law。; Each presents a parallel or a contrast of 

ideas。 That is the characteristic mark of Hebrew poetry。 It results in a kind 



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of rhythm of the English which makes it very easy to set to music。 Some 

of   it   can   be   sung�察  �though   for   some   of   it   only   the   thunder   is   the   right 

accompaniment。   But   it   is   not   simply   in   the   balance   of   phrases   that   the 

musical      element     appears。     Sometimes       it  is  in  a  natural    but   rhythmic 

consecution of ideas。 The 35th chapter of Isaiah�察�for example�察�is not poetic 

in the Hebrew�察�yet it is remarkably musical in the English。 Read it aloud 

from our familiar version�此�

        ;The wilderness and the solitary place shall be glad for them�察�and the 

desert shall rejoice�察�and blossom as the rose。 It shall blossom abundantly�察�

and rejoice even with joy and singing�察�the glory of Lebanon shall be given 

unto it�察�the excellency of Carmel and Sharon�察�they shall see the glory of 

the Lord�察�and the excellency of our God。 Strengthen ye the weak hands�察�

and confirm the feeble knees。 Say to them that are of a fearful heart�察�Be 

strong�察�fear not�此�behold�察�your God will come with vengeance�察�even God 

with a recompense�察�He will come and save you。 Then the eyes of the blind 

shall be opened�察�and the ears of the deaf shall be unstopped。 Then shall the 

lame   man   leap   as   a   hart�察  �and   the   tongue   of   the   dumb   sing�此  �for   in   the 

wilderness   shall   waters   break   out�察  �and   streams   in   the   desert。   And   the 

parched ground shall become a pool�察�and the thirsty land springs of water�此�

in the habitation of dragons�察�where each lay�察�shall be grass with reeds and 

rushes。 And a highway shall be there�察�and a way�察�and it shall be called The 

way of holiness�察�the unclean shall not pass over it�察�but it shall be for those�此�

the   wayfaring   men�察  �though   fools�察  �shall   not   err   therein。   No   lion   shall   be 

there�察  �nor   any   ravenous   beast   shall   go   up   thereon�察  �it   shall   not   be   found 

there�察  �but   the   redeemed   shall   walk   there�此  �and   the   ransomed   of   the   Lord 

shall return�察�and come to Zion with songs and everlasting joy upon their 

heads�察  �they   shall   obtain   joy   and   gladness�察  �and   sorrow   and   sighing   shall 

flee away。; 

       That can be set to music as it stands。 You catch the same form in the 

familiar 13th chapter of I Corinthians�察�the chapter on Charity。 It could be 

almost   sung   throughout。   This   musical   element   is   in   sharp   contrast   with 

much else in the Scripture�察�where necessity does not permit that   literary 

form。 For example�察�in the Epistle to the Hebrews�察�which is argumentative 

throughout�察�there is no part except its quotations which has ever been set 



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to music for uses in Christian worship。 It is rugged and protracted in its 

form�察    �and   has    no   musical    element      about    it。  The   contrast    within    the 

Scripture of the musical and the unmusical is a very marked one。 

     Add   to   the   thought   of   the   earnestness   and   variety  of   the   Scripture   a 

word     about    the   simplicity    of   its  literary   expression。     There    is  nothing 

meretricious   in   its   style。   There   is   no   effort   to   say   a   thing   finely。   The 

translators   have   avoided   all   temptation   to   grow   dramatic   in   reproducing 

the original。 Contrast the actual English Bible with the narratives or other 

literary works that have been built up out of it。 Read all that the Bible tells 

about the loss of Paradise�察�and then read Milton's ;Paradise Lost。; Nearly 

all   of   the   conceptions   of   Milton's   greatest   poem   are   built   up   from   brief 

Scripture references。 But Milton becomes subtle in his analysis of motives�察�

he enlarges greatly on events。 Scripture never does that。 It gives us very 

few analyses of motive from first to last。 That is not the method nor the 

purpose of Scripture。  It tells the story in   terms that move   on the   middle 

level of speech and the middle level of understanding�察�while Milton labors 

with it�察�complicates it�察�entangling it with countless 

     details which are to the Scripture unimportant。 It goes straight to the 

simple   and   fundamental   elements   in   the   account。   Take   a   more   modern 

illustration。 Probably the finest poem of its length in the English language 

is Browning's ;Saul。; It is built out of one incident and a single expression 

in the Bible story of Saul and David。 The incident is David's being called 

from his sheep to play his harp and to sing before Saul in the fits of gloom 

which overcome him�察�the expression is the single saying that David loved 

Saul。 Taking that incident and that expression�察�Browning writes a beautiful 

poem   with   many   decorative   details�察  �with   keen   analysis   of   motive�察  �with 

long   accounts   of   the   way   David   felt   when   he   rendered   his   service�察  �and 

how his heart leaped or sang。 Imagine finding Browning's familiar phrases 

in   Scripture�此   �The   lilies   we   twine   round   the   harp´chords�察  �lest   they   snap 

neath the stress of the noontide those sunbeams like swords;�察 �Oh�察�the 

wild   joy   of   living� ─   �Spring's   arrowy   summons�察─  �going   ;straight   to   the 

aim。; That is very well for Browning�察�but it is not the Scripture way�察�it is 

too complicated。 All that the Bible says can be said anywhere�察�Browning's 

;Saul; could not possibly be reproduced in other languages。 It would need 



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a glossary or a commentary to make it intelligible。 It is beautiful English�察�

and    great    because    it  has   taken   a   great   idea   and   clothed    it  in  worthy 

expression。   But   the   simplicity   of   the   Bible       narrative   appears   in     sharp 

contrast   with   it。   In   my   childhood   my   father   used   to   tell   of   a   man   who 

preached on the creation�察�and with great detail and much elaboration and 

decoration told the story of creation as it is suggested in the first chapter of 

Genesis。 When it was over he asked an old listener what he thought of his 

effort�察�and the only comment was�察 �You can't beat Moses� ─�Well�察�it would 

be dif

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