misc writings and speeches(致帽針傍嚥亟)-及32嫗
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!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
broken daily and hourly�察 �until the oppressor should have squandered
another supply�察�and should be ready for another perjury�拭 �You ask what
they could desire which he had not already granted。 Let me ask of you
another question。 What pledge could he give which he had not already
violated�拭 �From the first year of his reign�察�whenever he had need of the
purses of his Commons to support the revels of Buckingham or the
processions of Laud�察�he had assured them that�察�as he was a gentleman and
a king�察 �he would sacredly preserve their rights。 He had pawned those
solemn pledges�察 �and pawned them again and again�察 �but when had he
redeemed them�拭 �'Upon my faith��''Upon my sacred word��''Upon the
honour of a prince��' came so easily from his lips�察�and dwelt so short a
time on his mind that they were as little to be trusted as the 'By the hilts' of
an Alsatian dicer。
;Therefore it is that I praise this Parliament for what else I might have
condemned。 If what he had granted had been granted graciously and
readily�察�if what he had before promised had been faithfully observed�察�they
could not be defended。 It was because he had never yielded the worst
abuse without a long struggle�察 �and seldom without a large bribe�察 �it was
because he had no sooner disentangled himself from his troubles than he
forgot his promises�察�and�察�more like a villainous huckster than a great king�察�
kept both the prerogative and the large price which had been paid to him
to forego it�察�it was because of these things that it was necessary and just to
bind with forcible restraints one who could be bound neither by law nor
honour。 Nay�察�even while he was making those very concessions of which
you speak�察 �he betrayed his deadly hatred against the people and their
friends。 Not only did he�察�contrary to all that ever was deemed lawful in
England�察�order that members of the Commons House of Parliament should
be impeached of high treason at the bar of the Lords�察 �thereby violating
both the trial by jury and the privileges of the House�察�but�察�not content with
breaking the law by his ministers�察�he went himself armed to assail it。 In
the birth´place and sanctuary of freedom�察�in the House itself�察�nay in the
very chair of the speaker�察 �placed for the protection of free speech and
privilege�察�he sat�察�rolling his eyes round the benches�察�searching for those
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whose blood he desired�察 �and singling out his opposers to the slaughter。
This most foul outrage fails。 Then again for the old arts。 Then come
gracious messages。 Then come courteous speeches。 Then is again
mortgaged his often forfeited honour。 He will never again violate the laws。
He will respect their rights as if they were his own。 He pledges the
dignity of his crown�察�that crown which had been committed to him for the
weal of his people�察�and which he never named�察�but that he might the more
easily delude and oppress them。
;The power of the sword�察�I grant you�察�was not one to be permanently
possessed by Parliament。 Neither did that Parliament demand it as a
permanent possession。 They asked it only for temporary security。 Nor
can I see on what conditions they could safely make peace with that false
and wicked king�察�save such as would deprive him of all power to injure。
;For civil war�察�that it is an evil I dispute not。 But that it is the greatest
of evils�察�that I stoutly deny。 It doth indeed appear to the misjudging to be
a worse calamity than bad government�察�because its miseries are collected
together within a short space and time�察 �and may easily at one view be
taken in and perceived。 But the misfortunes of nations ruled by tyrants�察�
being distributed over many centuries and many places�察 �as they are of
greater weight and number�察�so are they of less display。 When the Devil of
tyranny hath gone into the body politic he departs not but with struggles�察�
and foaming�察�and great convulsions。 Shall he�察�therefore�察�vex it for ever�察�
lest�察�in going out�察�he for a moment tear and rend it�拭 �Truly this argument
touching the evils of war would better become my friend Elwood�察�or some
other of the people called Quakers�察 �than a courtier and a cavalier。 It
applies no more to this war than to all others�察�as well foreign as domestic�察�
and�察�in this war�察�no more to the Houses than to the king�察�nay�察�not so much�察�
since he by a little sincerity and moderation might have rendered that
needless which their duty to God and man then enforced them to do。;
;Pardon me�察�Mr Milton�察─�said Mr Cowley�察 �I grieve to hear you speak
thus of that good king。 Most unhappy indeed he was�察�in that he reigned
at a time when the spirit of the then living generation was for freedom�察�and
the precedents of former ages for prerogative。 His case was like to that
of Christopher Columbus�察�when he sailed forth on an unknown ocean�察�and
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found that the compass�察�whereby he shaped his course�察�had shifted from
the north pole whereto before it had constantly pointed。 So it was with
Charles。 His compass varied�察�and therefore he could not tack aright。 If
he had been an absolute king he would doubtless�察 �like Titus Vespasian�察�
have been called the delight of the human race。 If he had been a Doge of
Venice�察�or a Stadtholder of Holland�察�he would never have outstepped the
laws。 But he lived when our government had neither clear definitions
nor strong sanctions。 Let�察�therefore�察�his faults be ascribed to the time。 Of
his virtues the praise is his own。
;Never was there a more gracious prince�察�or a more proper gentleman。
In every pleasure he was temperate�察 �in conversation mild and grave�察 �in
friendship constant�察�to his servants liberal�察�to his queen faithful and loving�察�
in battle grave�察�in sorrow and captivity resolved�察�in death most Christian
and forgiving。
;For his oppressions�察 �let us look at the former history of this realm。
James was never accounted a tyrant。 Elizabeth is esteemed to have been
the mother of her people。 Were they less arbitrary�拭 �Did they never lay
hands on the purses of their subjects but by Act of Parliament�拭 �Did they
never confine insolent and disobedient men but in due course of law�拭�
Was the court of Star Chamber less active�拭 �Were the ears of libellers
more safe�拭 �I pray you�察 �let not king Charles be thus dealt with。 It was
enough that in his life he was tried for an alleged breach of laws which
none ever heard named till they were discovered for his destruction。 Let
not his fame be treated as was his sacred and anointed body。 Let not his
memory be tried by principles found out ex post facto。 Let us not judge
by the spirit of one generation a man whose disposition had been formed
by the temper and fashion of another。;
;Nay�察�but conceive me�察�Mr Cowley�察─�said M