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misc writings and speeches(致帽針傍嚥亟)-及32嫗

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broken     daily   and    hourly�察  �until  the   oppressor     should    have    squandered 

another supply�察�and should be ready for another perjury�拭                   �You ask what 

they could desire which he had not already granted。                   Let me ask of you 

another question。        What pledge could he give which he had not already 

violated�拭     �From the first year of his reign�察�whenever he had need of the 

purses     of  his  Commons        to  support    the  revels    of  Buckingham        or  the 

processions of Laud�察�he had assured them that�察�as he was a gentleman and 

a   king�察  �he   would   sacredly   preserve   their   rights。   He   had   pawned   those 

solemn   pledges�察  �and   pawned   them   again   and   again�察  �but   when   had   he 

redeemed   them�拭       �'Upon   my   faith��''Upon   my   sacred   word��''Upon   the 

honour of a prince��' came so easily from his lips�察�and dwelt so short a 

time on his mind that they were as little to be trusted as the 'By the hilts' of 

an Alsatian dicer。 

     ;Therefore it is that I praise this Parliament for what else I might have 

condemned。        If   what   he   had   granted   had   been   granted   graciously   and 

readily�察�if what he had before promised had been faithfully observed�察�they 

could   not   be   defended。     It   was   because   he   had   never   yielded   the   worst 

abuse   without   a   long   struggle�察  �and   seldom   without   a   large   bribe�察  �it   was 

because he had no sooner disentangled himself from his troubles than he 

forgot his promises�察�and�察�more like a villainous huckster than a great king�察�

kept both the prerogative and the large price which had been paid to him 

to forego it�察�it was because of these things that it was necessary and just to 

bind with forcible restraints one who could be bound neither by law nor 

honour。      Nay�察�even while he was making those very concessions of which 

you   speak�察  �he   betrayed   his   deadly   hatred   against   the   people   and   their 

friends。     Not only did he�察�contrary to all that ever was deemed lawful in 

England�察�order that members of the Commons House of Parliament should 

be   impeached   of   high   treason   at   the   bar   of   the   Lords�察  �thereby   violating 

both the trial by jury and the privileges of the House�察�but�察�not content with 

breaking the law by his ministers�察�he went himself armed to assail it。                     In 

the birth´place and sanctuary  of freedom�察�in the   House itself�察�nay in   the 

very   chair   of   the   speaker�察  �placed   for   the   protection   of   free   speech   and 

privilege�察�he   sat�察�rolling his   eyes round the   benches�察�searching   for   those 



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whose   blood   he   desired�察  �and   singling   out   his   opposers   to   the   slaughter。 

This most foul outrage fails。           Then again for the old arts。           Then come 

gracious     messages。      Then      come    courteous     speeches。     Then     is  again 

mortgaged his often forfeited honour。 He will never again violate the laws。 

He   will   respect   their   rights   as   if   they   were   his   own。 He   pledges   the 

dignity of his crown�察�that crown which had been committed to him for the 

weal of his people�察�and which he never named�察�but that he might the more 

easily delude and oppress them。 

     ;The power of the sword�察�I grant you�察�was not one to be permanently 

possessed   by   Parliament。        Neither   did   that   Parliament   demand   it   as   a 

permanent possession。          They asked it only for temporary security。               Nor 

can I see on what conditions they could safely make peace with that false 

and wicked king�察�save such as would deprive him of all power to injure。 

     ;For civil war�察�that it is an evil I dispute not。         But that it is the greatest 

of evils�察�that I stoutly deny。       It doth indeed appear to the misjudging to be 

a worse calamity than bad government�察�because its miseries are collected 

together   within   a   short   space   and   time�察  �and   may   easily   at   one   view   be 

taken in and perceived。          But the misfortunes of nations ruled by tyrants�察�

being   distributed   over   many   centuries   and   many   places�察  �as   they   are   of 

greater weight and number�察�so are they of less display。 When the Devil of 

tyranny hath gone into the body politic he departs not but with struggles�察�

and foaming�察�and great convulsions。              Shall he�察�therefore�察�vex it for ever�察�

lest�察�in going out�察�he for a moment tear and rend it�拭              �Truly this argument 

touching the evils of war would better become my friend Elwood�察�or some 

other   of   the   people   called   Quakers�察  �than   a   courtier   and   a   cavalier。  It 

applies no more to this war than to all others�察�as well foreign as domestic�察�

and�察�in this war�察�no more to the Houses than to the king�察�nay�察�not so much�察�

since   he   by   a   little   sincerity   and   moderation   might   have   rendered   that 

needless which their duty to God and man then enforced them to do。; 

     ;Pardon me�察�Mr Milton�察─�said Mr Cowley�察 �I grieve to hear you speak 

thus of that good king。         Most unhappy indeed he was�察�in that he reigned 

at a time when the spirit of the then living generation was for freedom�察�and 

the precedents of former ages for prerogative。               His case was like to that 

of Christopher Columbus�察�when he sailed forth on an unknown ocean�察�and 



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found that the compass�察�whereby he shaped his course�察�had shifted from 

the north pole whereto before it had constantly pointed。                   So it was with 

Charles。      His compass varied�察�and therefore he could not tack aright。                   If 

he   had   been   an   absolute   king   he   would   doubtless�察  �like   Titus   Vespasian�察�

have been called the delight of the human race。 If he had been a Doge of 

Venice�察�or a Stadtholder of Holland�察�he would never have outstepped the 

laws。     But   he   lived   when   our   government   had   neither   clear   definitions 

nor strong sanctions。 Let�察�therefore�察�his faults be ascribed to the time。                 Of 

his virtues the praise is his own。 

     ;Never was there a more gracious prince�察�or a more proper gentleman。 

In   every   pleasure   he   was   temperate�察  �in   conversation   mild   and   grave�察  �in 

friendship constant�察�to his servants liberal�察�to his queen faithful and loving�察�

in battle grave�察�in sorrow and captivity resolved�察�in death most Christian 

and forgiving。 

     ;For his   oppressions�察  �let   us   look   at   the   former   history  of   this   realm。 

James was never accounted a tyrant。              Elizabeth is esteemed to have been 

the mother of her people。          Were they less arbitrary�拭         �Did they never lay 

hands on the purses of their subjects but by Act of Parliament�拭                   �Did they 

never   confine   insolent   and   disobedient   men   but   in   due   course   of   law�拭�

Was   the   court   of   Star   Chamber   less   active�拭    �Were   the   ears   of   libellers 

more   safe�拭    �I   pray   you�察  �let   not   king   Charles   be   thus   dealt   with。   It   was 

enough that in his life he was tried for an alleged breach of laws which 

none ever heard named till they were discovered for his destruction。                     Let 

not his fame be treated as was his sacred and anointed body。                    Let not his 

memory be tried by principles found out ex post facto。                   Let us not judge 

by the spirit of one generation a man whose disposition had been formed 

by the temper and fashion of another。; 

     ;Nay�察�but conceive me�察�Mr Cowley�察─�said M

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