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misc writings and speeches(致帽針傍嚥亟)-及36嫗

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that the folly and perfidy of a prince would restore to the good old cause 

many hearts which had been alienated thence by the turbulence of factions�察�

for�察�if I know aught of history�察�or of the heart of man�察�he will soon learn 



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that the last champion of the people was not destroyed when he murdered 

Vane�察�nor seduced when he beguiled Fairfax。; 

     Mr Cowley seemed to me not to take much amiss what Mr Milton had 

said touching that thankless court�察�which had indeed but poorly requited 

his own good service。        He only said�察�therefore�察 �Another rebellion�            �Alas� �

alas�   �Mr    Milton�    �If   there   be  no   choice   but   between     despotism     and 

anarchy�察�I prefer despotism。; 

     ;Many      men�察─    �said   Mr    Milton�察     �have    floridly   and    ingeniously 

compared anarchy and despotism�察�but they who so amuse themselves do 

but look at separate parts of that which is truly one great whole。                Each is 

the cause and the effect of the other�察�the evils of either are the evils of both。 

Thus     do   states  move    on   in  the  same    eternal   cycle�察  �which�察   �from   the 

remotest point�察�brings them back again to the same sad starting´post�此                �and�察�

till both those who govern and those who obey shall learn and mark this 

great truth�察�men can expect little through the future�察�as they have known 

little  through     the  past�察 �save   vicissitudes    of   extreme    evils�察 �alternately 

producing and produced。 

     ;When will   rulers learn   that�察�where liberty is   not�察�security  end   order 

can   never   be�拭    �We   talk   of   absolute   power�察  �but   all   power   hath   limits�察�

which�察�if not fixed by the moderation of the governors�察�will be fixed by the 

force of the governed。 Sovereigns may send their opposers to dungeons�察�

they may clear out a senate´house with soldiers�察�they may enlist armies of 

spies�察�they may hang scores of the disaffected in chains at every cross road�察�

but   what   power   shall   stand   in   that   frightful   time   when   rebellion   hath 

become      a  less  evil  than   endurance�拭     �Who     shall   dissolve   that  terrible 

tribunal�察  �which�察  �in   the   hearts   of   the   oppressed�察  �denounces   against   the 

oppressor   the   doom   of   its   wild   justice�拭   �Who   shall   repeal   the   law   of 

selfdefence�拭      �What arms or discipline shall resist the strength of famine 

and   despair�拭    �How   often   were   the   ancient   Caesars   dragged   from   their 

golden   palaces�察  �stripped   of   their   purple   robes�察  �mangled�察  �stoned�察  �defiled 

with   filth�察  �pierced   with   hooks�察  �hurled   into   Tiber�拭 �How   often   have   the 

Eastern Sultans perished by the sabres of their own janissaries�察�or the bow´ 

strings of their own mutes�          �For no power which is not limited by laws 

can ever be protected by them。           Small�察�therefore�察�is the wisdom of those 



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who   would   fly   to   servitude   as   if   it   were   a   refuge   from   commotion�察  �for 

anarchy is the sure consequence of tyranny。                   That governments may be 

safe�察�nations   must   be   free。 Their  passions   must have   an outlet   provided�察�

lest they make one。 

     ;When   I   was   at   Naples�察  �I   went   with   Signor   Manso�察  �a   gentleman   of 

excellent   parts   and   breeding�察  �who   had   been   the   familiar   friend   of   that 

famous   poet   Torquato   Tasso�察  �to   see   the   burning   mountain   Vesuvius。             I 

wondered       how     the  peasants     could    venture    to  dwell    so   fearlessly    and 

cheerfully  on its   sides�察 �when the   lava   was   flowing   from  its   summit�察  �but 

Manso smiled�察�and told me that when the fire descends freely they retreat 

before it   without haste or   fear。 They  can   tell   how  fast   it   will   move�察 �and 

how far�察�and they know�察 �moreover�察 �that�察�though it may  work some   little 

damage�察�it will soon cover the fields over which it hath passed with rich 

vineyards   and   sweet   flowers。        But�察  �when   the   flames   are   pent   up   in   the 

mountain�察�then it is that they have reason to fear�察�then it is that the earth 

sinks   and   the   sea   swells�察  �then   cities   are   swallowed   up�察  �and   their   place 

knoweth them no more。              So it is in politics�此      �where the people is most 

closely   restrained�察  �there   it   gives   the   greatest   shocks   to   peace   and   order�察�

therefore would I say to all kings�察�let your demagogues lead crowds�察�lest 

they lead armies�察�let them bluster�察�lest they massacre�察�a little turbulence is�察�

as it were�察�the rainbow of the state�察�it shows indeed that there is a passing 

shower�察�but it is a pledge that there shall be no deluge。; 

     ;This   is   true�察─  �said   Mr   Cowley�察   �yet   these   admonitions   are   not   less 

needful to subjects than to sovereigns。; 

     ;Surely�察─�said Mr Milton�察 �and�察�that I may end this long debate with a 

few words in which we shall both agree�察�I hold that�察�as freedom is the only 

safeguard       of   governments�察       �so   are    order    and    moderation       generally 

necessary to preserve freedom。             Even the vainest opinions of men are not 

to be outraged by those who propose to themselves the happiness of men 

for their end�察�and who must work with the passions of men for their means。 

The  blind   reverence  for   things   ancient   is   indeed   so   foolish   that   it   might 

make a wise man laugh�察�if it were not also sometimes so mischievous that 

it would rather make a good man weep。                   Yet�察�since it may not be wholly 

cured     it  must   be   discreetly    indulged�察    �and    therefore    those   who     would 



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amend evil laws should consider rather how much it may be safe to spare�察�

than how much it may be possible to change。                   Have you not heard that 

men who have been shut up for many years in dungeons shrink if they see 

the light�察�and fall down if their irons be struck off�拭            �And so�察�when nations 

have long been in the house of bondage�察�the chains which have crippled 

them   are   necessary   to   support   them�察  �the   darkness   which   hath   weakened 

their   sight   is   necessary   to   preserve   it。 Therefore   release   them   not   too 

rashly�察�lest they curse their freedom and pine for their prison。 

     ;I think indeed that the renowned Parliament�察�of which we have talked 

so much�察�did show�察�until it became subject to the soldiers�察�a singular and 

admirable      moderation�察     �in  such   times    scarcely    to  be   hoped�察   �and   most 

worthy      to  be  an   example      to  all  that  shall   come    after。   But    on   this 

argument I have said enough�此�and I will therefore only pray to Almighty 

God   that   those   who   shall�察  �in   future   times   stand   forth   in   defence   of   our 

liberties�察�as   well civil   as religious�察 �may adorn   the good   cause by  mercy�察�

prudence�察�and soberness�察�to the glory of his name and the happiness and 

honour of the English people。; 

     And so ended that discourse�察�and not long after we were set on shore 

again at the Temple Gardens�察  �and there parted   company�此                  �and the  same 

evening I took notes of what had been said�察�which I have here more fully 

set down�察�from regard both to the fame of the men�察�and the importance of 

the subject´matter。 

     。。。 



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