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early kings of norway(硬轍璃議忽藍)-及29嫗

弌傍�� early kings of norway(硬轍璃議忽藍) 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

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Harold�察�as the English write it�察�his eldest brother would give him�察�Tosti�察�no 

sufficient share in the kingship。 Which state of matters�察�if Svein would go 

ahead with him to rectify it�察�would be greatly to the advantage of Svein。 

Svein�察 �taught   by  many   beatings�察 �was   too   wise   for  this   proposal�察  �refused 

Tosti�察�who indignantly stepped over into Norway�察�and proposed it to King 



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Harald   there。   Svein   really   had   acquired   considerable   teaching�察  �I   should 

guess�察�from his much beating and hard experience in the world�察�one finds 

him   afterwards   the   esteemed   friend   of   the   famous   Historian   Adam   of 

Bremen�察�who reports various wise humanities�察�and pleasant discoursings 

with Svein Estrithson。 

     As for Harald Hardrade�察 �Harald the Hard or Severe�察─�as he was now 

called�察�Tosti's proposal   awakened in him  all   his   old Vaeringer   ambitious 

and   cupidities   into   blazing   vehemence。   He   zealously   consented�察  �and   at 

once�察�with his whole strength�察�embarked in the adventure。 Fitted out two 

hundred   ships�察  �and   the   biggest   army   he   could   carry   in   them�察  �and   sailed 

with Tosti towards the dangerous Promised Land。 Got into the Tyne and 

took booty�察�got into the Humber�察�thence into the Ouse�察�easily subdued any 

opposition       the    official    people     or   their    populations      could     make�察�

victoriously  scattered   these�察 �victoriously  took the  City  of York   in   a day�察�

and   even   got   himself   homaged   there�察   �King of   Northumberland�察─  �as   per 

covenant��Tosti proving honorable��Tosti and he going with faithful strict 

copartnery�察  �and   all   things   looking   prosperous   and   glorious。   Except   only 

��an important exception�。� that they learnt for certain�察�English Harold was 

advancing   with   all   his   strength�察  �and�察  �in   a   measurable   space   of   hours�察�

unless     care   were   taken�察   �would    be   in  York    himself。    Harald    and   Tosti 

hastened off to seize the post of Stamford Bridge on Derwent River�察�six or 

seven miles east of York City�察�and there bar this dangerous advent。 Their 

own ships lay not far off in Ouse River�察�in case of the worst。 The battle 

that   ensued   the   next   day�察  �September   20�察  �1066�察  �is   forever   memorable   in 

English history。 

     Snorro gives vividly enough his view of it from the Icelandic side�此�A 

ring   of   stalwart   Norsemen�察  �close   ranked�察  �with   their   steel   tools   in   hand�察�

English Harold's Army�察�mostly cavalry�察�prancing and pricking all around�察�

trying to find or make some opening in that ring。 For a long time trying in 

vain�察�till at length�察�getting them enticed to burst out somewhere in pursuit�察�

they quickly turned round�察�and quickly made an end�察�of that matter。 Snorro 

represents English Harold�察�with a first party of these horse coming up�察�and�察�

with preliminary salutations�察�asking if Tosti were there�察�and if Harald were�察�

making   generous   proposals   to   Tosti�察  �but�察  �in   regard   to   Harald   and   what 



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share of England was to be his�察�answering Tosti with the words�察 �Seven 

feet of English earth�察�or more if he require it�察�for a grave。; Upon which 

Tosti�察�like an honorable man and copartner�察�said�察 �No�察�never�察�let us fight 

you rather till we all die。; ;Who is this that spoke to you�拭─�inquired Harald�察�

when   the   cavaliers   had   withdrawn。   ;My  brother   Harold�察─  �answers   Tosti�察�

which   looks   rather   like   a   Saga�察  �but   may   be   historical   after   all。   Snorro's 

history of the battle is intelligible only after you have premised to it�察�what 

he never hints at�察�that the scene was on the east side of the bridge and of 

the Derwent�察�the great struggle for the bridge�察�one at last finds�察�was after 

the fall of Harald�察�and to the English Chroniclers�察�said struggle�察�which was 

abundantly severe�察�is all they know of the battle。 

     Enraged   at   that   breaking   loose   of   his   steel   ring   of   infantry�察  �Norse 

Harald blazed up into true Norse fury�察�all the old Vaeringer and Berserkir 

rage awakening in him�察�sprang forth into the front of the fight�察�and mauled 

and   cut   and   smashed   down�察  �on   both   hands   of   him�察  �everything   he   met�察�

irresistible    by   any    horse   or   man�察   �till  an  arrow    cut   him    through    the 

windpipe�察�and laid him low forever。 That was the end of King Harald and 

of his workings in this world。 The circumstance that he was a Waring or 

Baring and had smitten to pieces so many Oriental cohorts or crowds�察�and 

had made love´verses ��kind of iron madrigals�� to his Russian Princess�察�and 

caught   the   fancy   of   questionable   Greek   queens�察  �and   had   amassed   such 

heaps   of   money�察     �while   poor   nephew   Magnus   had   only   one   gold          ring 

��which   had   been   his   father's�察  �and   even   his   father's   _mother's_�察  �as   Uncle 

Harald   noticed���察  �and   nothing   more   whatever   of   that   precious   metal   to 

combine with Harald's treasures��all this is new to me�察�naturally no hint of 

it in any English book�察�and lends some gleam of romantic splendor to that 

dim business   of   Stamford   Bridge�察�now  fallen so dull   and   torpid to   most 

English minds�察�transcendently important as it once was to all Englishmen。 

Adam       of  Bremen      says�察  �the   English    got   as  much     gold    plunder    from 

Harald's     people    as   was    a  heavy    burden     for  twelve    men�撮�18�А     �a  thing 

evidently      impossible�察    �which    nobody   need      try  to  believe。    Young     Olaf�察�

Harald's son�察�age about sixteen�察�steering down the Ouse at the top of his 

speed�察    �escaped    home     to  Norway   with      all  his   ships�察  �and   subsequently 

reigned there with Magnus�察�his brother。  Harald's body did lie in   English 



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earth   for   about   a   year�察  �but   was   then   brought   to   Norway   for   burial。   He 

needed      more    than   seven    feet   of  grave�察   �say   some�察   �Laing�察   �interpreting 

Snorro's   measurements�察  �makes   Harald   eight   feet   in   stature��I   do   hope�察�

with some error in excess� �



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                            CHAPTER XII。 



       OLAF THE TRANQUIL�察�MAGNUS BAREFOOT�察�AND SIGURD 



                                    THE CRUSADER。 

     The new King Olaf�察�his brother Magnus having soon died�察�bore rule in 

Norway for some five´and´twenty years。 Rule soft and gentle�察�not like his 

father's�察  �and   inclining   rather   to   improvement   in   the   arts   and   elegancies 

than    to  anything    severe   or   dangerously   laborious。   A   slim´built�察   �witty´ 

talking�察�popular and pretty  man�察�with uncommonly bright eyes�察�and hair 

like floss silk�此�they called him Olaf _Kyrre_ ��the Tranquil or Easygoing��。 

     The   ceremonials   of   the   palace   were   much   improved   by   him。   Palace 

still continued to be built of huge logs pyramidally sloping upwards�察�with 

fireplace in the middle of the floor�察�and no egress for smoke or ingress for 

light except right overhead�察�which�察�in bad weather�察�you could shut�察�or all 

but   shut�察  �with   a  lid。  Lid  originally   made    of  mere    opaque    board�察  �but 

changed latterly into a light frame�察�covered ��_glazed_�察�so to speak�� with 

entrails of animals�察�clarified into something of pellucidity。 All this Olaf�察�I 

hope�察  �further   perfected�察  �as   he   did   the

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