the georgics-第6章
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Large the tree's self in semblance like a bay;
And; showered it not a different scent abroad;
A bay it had been; for no wind of heaven
Its foliage falls; the flower; none faster; clings;
With it the Medes for sweetness lave the lips;
And ease the panting breathlessness of age。
But no; not Mede…land with its wealth of woods;
Nor Ganges fair; and Hermus thick with gold;
Can match the praise of Italy; nor Ind;
Nor Bactria; nor Panchaia; one wide tract
Of incense…teeming sand。 Here never bulls
With nostrils snorting fire upturned the sod
Sown with the monstrous dragon's teeth; nor crop
Of warriors bristled thick with lance and helm;
But heavy harvests and the Massic juice
Of Bacchus fill its borders; overspread
With fruitful flocks and olives。 Hence arose
The war…horse stepping proudly o'er the plain;
Hence thy white flocks; Clitumnus; and the bull;
Of victims mightiest; which full oft have led;
Bathed in thy sacred stream; the triumph…pomp
Of Romans to the temples of the gods。
Here blooms perpetual spring; and summer here
In months that are not summer's; twice teem the flocks;
Twice doth the tree yield service of her fruit。
But ravening tigers come not nigh; nor breed
Of savage lion; nor aconite betrays
Its hapless gatherers; nor with sweep so vast
Doth the scaled serpent trail his endless coils
Along the ground; or wreathe him into spires。
Mark too her cities; so many and so proud;
Of mighty toil the achievement; town on town
Up rugged precipices heaved and reared;
And rivers undergliding ancient walls。
Or should I celebrate the sea that laves
Her upper shores and lower? or those broad lakes?
Thee; Larius; greatest and; Benacus; thee
With billowy uproar surging like the main?
Or sing her harbours; and the barrier cast
Athwart the Lucrine; and how ocean chafes
With mighty bellowings; where the Julian wave
Echoes the thunder of his rout; and through
Avernian inlets pours the Tuscan tide?
A land no less that in her veins displays
Rivers of silver; mines of copper ore;
Ay; and with gold hath flowed abundantly。
A land that reared a valiant breed of men;
The Marsi and Sabellian youth; and; schooled
To hardship; the Ligurian; and with these
The Volscian javelin…armed; the Decii too;
The Marii and Camilli; names of might;
The Scipios; stubborn warriors; ay; and thee;
Great Caesar; who in Asia's utmost bounds
With conquering arm e'en now art fending far
The unwarlike Indian from the heights of Rome。
Hail! land of Saturn; mighty mother thou
Of fruits and heroes; 'tis for thee I dare
Unseal the sacred fountains; and essay
Themes of old art and glory; as I sing
The song of Ascra through the towns of Rome。
Now for the native gifts of various soils;
What powers hath each; what hue; what natural bent
For yielding increase。 First your stubborn lands
And churlish hill…sides; where are thorny fields
Of meagre marl and gravel; these delight
In long…lived olive…groves to Pallas dear。
Take for a sign the plenteous growth hard by
Of oleaster; and the fields strewn wide
With woodland berries。 But a soil that's rich;
In moisture sweet exulting; and the plain
That teems with grasses on its fruitful breast;
Such as full oft in hollow mountain…dell
We view beneath us… from the craggy heights
Streams thither flow with fertilizing mud…
A plain which southward rising feeds the fern
By curved ploughs detested; this one day
Shall yield thee store of vines full strong to gush
In torrents of the wine…god; this shall be
Fruitful of grapes and flowing juice like that
We pour to heaven from bowls of gold; what time
The sleek Etruscan at the altar blows
His ivory pipe; and on the curved dish
We lay the reeking entrails。 If to rear
Cattle delight thee rather; steers; or lambs;
Or goats that kill the tender plants; then seek
Full…fed Tarentum's glades and distant fields;
Or such a plain as luckless Mantua lost
Whose weedy water feeds the snow…white swan:
There nor clear springs nor grass the flocks will fail;
And all the day…long browsing of thy herds
Shall the cool dews of one brief night repair。
Land which the burrowing share shows dark and rich;
With crumbling soil… for this we counterfeit
In ploughing… for corn is goodliest; from no field
More wains thou'lt see wend home with plodding steers;
Or that from which the husbandman in spleen
Has cleared the timber; and o'erthrown the copse
That year on year lay idle; and from the roots
Uptorn the immemorial haunt of birds;
They banished from their nests have sought the skies;
But the rude plain beneath the ploughshare's stroke
Starts into sudden brightness。 For indeed
The starved hill…country gravel scarce serves the bees
With lowly cassias and with rosemary;
Rough tufa and chalk too; by black water…worms
Gnawed through and through; proclaim no soils beside
So rife with serpent…dainties; or that yield
Such winding lairs to lurk in。 That again;
Which vapoury mist and flitting smoke exhales;
Drinks moisture up and casts it forth at will;
Which; ever in its own green grass arrayed;
Mars not the metal with salt scurf of rust…
That shall thine elms with merry vines enwreathe;
That teems with olive; that shall thy tilth prove kind
To cattle; and patient of the curved share。
Such ploughs rich Capua; such the coast that skirts
Thy ridge; Vesuvius; and the Clanian flood;
Acerrae's desolation and her bane。
How each to recognize now hear me tell。
Dost ask if loose or passing firm it be…
Since one for corn hath liking; one for wine;
The firmer sort for Ceres; none too loose
For thee; Lyaeus?… with scrutinizing eye
First choose thy ground; and bid a pit be sunk
Deep in the solid earth; then cast the mould
All back again; and stamp the surface smooth。
If it suffice not; loose will be the land;
More meet for cattle and for kindly vines;
But if; rebellious; to its proper bounds
The soil returns not; but fills all the trench
And overtops it; then the glebe is gross;
Look for stiff ridges and reluctant clods;
And with strong bullocks cleave the fallow crust。
Salt ground again; and bitter; as 'tis called…
Barren for fruits; by tilth untamable;
Nor grape her kind; nor apples their good name
Maintaining… will in this wise yield thee proof:
Stout osier…baskets from the rafter…smoke;
And strainers of the winepress pluck thee down;
Hereinto let that evil land; with fresh
Spring…water mixed; be trampled to the full;
The moisture; mark you; will ooze all away;
In big drops issuing through the osier…withes;
But plainly will its taste the secret tell;
And with a harsh twang ruefully distort
The mouths of them that try it。 Rich soil again
We learn on this wise: tossed from hand to hand
Yet cracks it never; but pitch…like; as we hold;
Clings to the fingers。 A land with moisture rife
Breeds lustier herbage; and is more than meet
Prolific。 Ah I may never such for me
O'er…fertile prove; or make too stout a show
At the first earing! Heavy land or light
The mute self…witness of its weight betrays。
A glance will serve to warn thee which is black;
Or what the hue of any。 But hard it is
To track the signs of that pernicious cold:
Pines only; noxious yews; and ivies dark
At times reveal its traces。
All these rules
Regarding; let your land; ay; long before;
Scorch to the quick; and into trenches carve
The mighty mountains; and their upturned clods
Bare to the north wind; ere thou plant therein
The vine's prolific kindred。 Fields whose soil
Is crumbling are the best: winds look to that;
And bitter hoar…frosts; and the delver