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'Margites'   which   Socrates   has   just   made�察  �but   it   is   not   used   in   the   sense 

which   it   has   in   Homer。��   to   make   such   a   request�察  �a   man   must   be   very 

careful lest he pray for evil under the idea that he is asking for good�察�when 

shortly  after   he   may   have   to   recall   his   prayer�察  �and�察  �as   you   were   saying�察�

demand the opposite of what he at first requested。 

     SOCRATES�此�And   was  not   the   poet   whose  words   I originally  quoted 

wiser   than   we   are�察  �when   he   bade   us   ��pray   God��   to   defend   us   from   evil 

even though we asked for it�拭�

     ALCIBIADES�此�I believe that you are right。 

     SOCRATES�此  �The   Lacedaemonians�察  �too�察  �whether   from   admiration   of 

the poet or because they have discovered the idea for themselves�察�are wont 

to offer the prayer alike in public and private�察�that the Gods will give unto 

them the beautiful as well as the good��no one is likely to hear them make 

any further petition。 And yet up to the present time they have not been less 

fortunate than other men�察�or if they have sometimes met with misfortune�察�

the   fault   has   not   been   due   to   their   prayer。   For   surely�察  �as   I   conceive�察 �the 

Gods have power either to grant our requests�察�or to send us the contrary of 

what we ask。 

     And now I will relate to you a story which I have heard from certain of 

our elders。 It chanced that when the Athenians and Lacedaemonians were 

at war�察�our city lost every battle by land and sea and never gained a victory。 



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The   Athenians   being   annoyed   and   perplexed   how   to   find   a   remedy   for 

their troubles�察�decided to send and enquire at the shrine of Ammon。 Their 

envoys were also to ask�察�'Why the Gods always granted the victory to the 

Lacedaemonians��'   'We��'   ��they   were   to   say�撮�   'offer   them   more   and   finer 

sacrifices than any other Hellenic state�察�and adorn their temples with gifts�察�

as   nobody   else   does�察  �moreover�察  �we   make   the   most   solemn   and   costly 

processions   to   them   every   year�察  �and   spend   more   money   in   their   service 

than all the rest of the Hellenes put together。 But the Lacedaemonians take 

no thought of such matters�察�and pay so little respect to the Gods that they 

have a habit of sacrificing blemished animals to them�察�and in various ways 

are less zealous than we are�察�although their wealth is quite equal to ours。' 

When   they   had   thus   spoken�察  �and   had   made   their   request   to   know   what 

remedy they could find against the evils which troubled them�察�the prophet 

made no direct answer��clearly because he was not allowed by the God to 

do so��but he summoned them to him and said�此�'Thus saith Ammon to the 

Athenians�此 �The silent worship of the Lacedaemonians pleaseth me better 

than all the offerings of the other Hellenes。;' Such were the words of the 

God�察�and nothing   more。  He   seems   to have   meant   by  'silent   worship' the 

prayer of the Lacedaemonians�察�which is indeed widely different from the 

usual requests of the Hellenes。 For they either bring to the altar bulls with 

gilded horns or make offerings to the Gods�察�and beg at random for what 

they need�察�good or bad。 When�察�therefore�察�the Gods hear them using words 

of   ill   omen   they   reject   these   costly   processions   and   sacrifices   of   theirs。 

And   we   ought�察  �I   think�察  �to   be   very   careful   and   consider   well   what   we 

should say and what leave unsaid。 Homer�察�too�察�will furnish us with similar 

stories。 For he tells us how the Trojans in making their encampment�察�

     'Offered up whole hecatombs to the immortals��' 

     and how the 'sweet savour' was borne 'to the heavens by the winds�察�

     'But the blessed Gods were averse and received it not。 For exceedingly 

did   they   hate   the   holy   Ilium�察  �Both   Priam   and   the   people   of   the   spear´ 

skilled king。' 

     So that it was in vain for them to sacrifice and offer gifts�察�seeing that 

they were hateful to the Gods�察�who are not�察�like vile usurers�察�to be gained 

over by bribes。 And it is foolish for us to boast that we are superior to the 



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Lacedaemonians          by   reason     of   our    much     worship。     The    idea    is 

inconceivable that the Gods have regard�察�not to the justice and purity of 

our    souls�察  �but  to  costly   processions     and   sacrifices�察  �which    men    may 

celebrate     year  after   year�察 �although    they   have   committed      innumerable 

crimes against the Gods or against their fellow´men or the state。 For the 

Gods�察  �as Ammon   and   his   prophet   declare�察  �are   no   receivers   of   gifts�察  �and 

they   scorn   such   unworthy   service。   Wherefore   also   it   would   seem   that 

wisdom and justice are especially honoured both by the Gods and by men 

of sense�察�and they are the wisest and most just who know how to speak 

and   act   towards   Gods   and   men。   But   I   should   like   to   hear   what   your 

opinion is about these matters。 

     ALCIBIADES�此�I agree�察�Socrates�察�with you and with the God�察�whom�察�

indeed�察�it would be unbecoming for me to oppose。 

     SOCRATES�此  �Do   you   not   remember   saying   that   you   were   in   great 

perplexity�察�lest perchance you should ask for evil�察�supposing that you were 

asking for good�拭�

     ALCIBIADES�此�I do。 

     SOCRATES�此�You see�察�then�察�that there is a risk in your approaching the 

God in prayer�察�lest haply he should refuse your sacrifice when he hears the 

blasphemy which you utter�察�and make you partake of other evils as well。 

The wisest plan�察�therefore�察�seems to me that you should keep silence�察�for 

your 'highmindedness'to use the mildest term which men apply to folly 

will most likely prevent you from using the prayer of the Lacedaemonians。 

You had better wait until we find out how we should behave towards the 

Gods and towards men。 

     ALCIBIADES�此�And how long must I wait�察�Socrates�察�and who will be 

my teacher�拭�I should be very glad to see the man。 

     SOCRATES�此�It is he who takes an especial interest in you。 But first of 

all�察�I think�察�the darkness must be taken away in which your soul is now 

enveloped�察  �just   as Athene   in   Homer   removes   the   mist   from   the   eyes   of 

Diomede that 

     'He may distinguish between God and mortal man。' 

     Afterwards      the   means    may    be   given   to   you   whereby     you    may 

distinguish between good and evil。 At present�察�I fear�察�this is beyond your 



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power。 

     ALCIBIADES�此          �Only    let  my   instructor    take  away   the    impediment�察�

whether it pleases him to call it mist or anything else� �I care not who he is�察�

but I am resolved to disobey none of his commands�察�if I am likely to be 

the better for them。 

     SOCRATES�此�And surely he has a wondrous care for you。 

     ALCIBIADES�此          �It  seems    to  be  altogether     advisable    to  put   off  the 

sacrifice until he is found。 

     SOCRATES�此  �You   are   right�此  �that   will   be   safer   than   running   such   a 

tremendous risk。 

     ALCIBIADES�此  �But   how   shall   we   manage�察  �Socrates��At   any   rate   I 

will set this crown of mine upon your head�察�as you have given me such 

excellent   advice�察 �and   to the   Gods   we   will offer   crowns   and   perform  the 

other customary rites when I see that day approaching�此�nor will it be long 

hence�察�if they so will。 

     SOCRATES�此  �I   accept   your   gift�察  �and   shall   be   ready   and   willing   to 

receive whatever else you

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