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the moravians in georgia(暢袋略寓壓杷嵶冉)-及15嫗

弌傍�� the moravians in georgia(暢袋略寓壓杷嵶冉) 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

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to the Moravian tract�察�which   Johnson surveyed�察�the Moravians acting   as 

chain´carriers。Spangenberg was much pleased with the tract。 It had a half 

mile frontage on the Ogeechee�察�extended two miles back into the forest�察�

and gave a good variety of land�察�some low and damp for the cultivation of 

rice�察�sandy soil covered with grass for pasturage�察�and dry uplands suitable 

for   corn   and   vegetables。A  rapid   stream   furnished   an   abundance   of   pure 

water�察�and site for a mill�察�while the thick growth of timber guaranteed a 



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supply   of   material   for   houses   and   boats。Near   the   river   rose   a   high   hill�察�

where it had once been the intention to build a fort�察�and a house had really 

been     erected。This   the     Indians   burned�察    �and   later   another    site   had   been 

chosen for Fort Argyle�察�but the place retained the name of ;Old Fort;�察�and 

the hill would serve as the location for the Moravian dwelling。 

     Indian   tribes   which   were   friendly   to   the   English   lived   at   no   great 

distance�察�and the trail to Savannah and Ebenezer led directly by Old Fort�察�

while the opening of two roads would bring both those towns within a four 

hour's ride of the settlement。 

     Well     content�察   �therefore�察   �with   their   new    acquisition�察   �the   Moravians 

returned to Fort Argyle�察�whence Johnson rode back to Savannah�察�leaving 

them      to  follow     with    the   boat。At    the   mouth      of  the   Ogeechee       they 

encountered a severe storm�察�against which they could make little headway�察�

try as they would。 Their anchor was too light to hold against the current�察�

and there was a marsh on one bank and rocks on the other�察�but at last�察�after 

night´fall�察�in the face of a terrific thunder storm�察�they forced their way to a 

place where they could land�察�and where they passed the rest of the night�察�

enduring   as   best   they   could   the   heavy   rain�察  �and   the   attack   of   insects�察�

against neither of which they were able to protect themselves。;This place 

takes   its   name�察      �Rotten´possum'�察     �from   an   animal   frequently   found 

here�察�which they call a Possum。I am told that it has a double belly�察�and that 

if pursued it puts its young into one belly�察�runs up a tree until it reaches a 

limb�察�springs out on that until it is among the leaves�察�and then lays itself 

across   the   branch   with   one   belly   on   each   side�察  �and   so   hides   itself�察  �and 

saves   its   life� ─  �The   rest   of   the   journey   was   uneventful�察  �and   on   Friday 

morning�察�September 2nd�察�they reached Savannah�察�having been absent ten 

days。 

     It   seems   a   great   pity   that   the   Moravians   were   unable   to       establish 

themselves on   this   tract�察�where their industry  would soon have   made   an 

oasis   in   the   wilderness�察  �but   one   thing   after   the   other   interfered�察  �and   the 

;second company; which arrived early in the following year�察�found them 

still at Savannah。 

     In Savannah matters moved toward a fair degree of prosperity for the 

Moravians。About four acres of Spangenberg's garden were cleared in time 



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for the first summer's crop of corn�察�which yielded them sixty bushels。They 

also raised some beans�察�which came to maturity at a time when provisions 

and funds were very low�察�so helping them greatly。 

     The   two   farm   lots   were   laid   out   during   the   summer�察  �Spangenberg 

assisting   with   the   survey。By   the   close   of   the   year   twenty´six   acres   had 

been cleared�察 �on the uplands this meant the felling of trees�察�and gradual 

removal   of   stumps   as   time   permitted�察  �but   on   the   rice   lands   it   meant   far 

more。The   great   reeds�察  �ten   to   twelve   feet   high�察  �grew   so   thick   that   a   man 

could   scarcely   set   foot   between   them�察  �and   in   cutting   them   down   it   was 

necessary to go ;knee´deep; below the surface of the ground�察�and then the 

roots were so intertwined that it was difficult to pull them out。 

     Every   acre   of   land   that   was   cleared   and   planted   had   to   be   securely 

fenced in�察�for cattle roamed in the woods�察�and ruined unprotected crops。 

Indeed�察  �the   colonists   in   Georgia   derived   little   benefit   from   their   cattle�察�

which ran at large�察�and when a few were wanted for beef or for domestic 

purposes�察�they were hunted and driven in。 The Moravians had to wait until 

midsummer before they could get their allotment�察�and then they received a 

cow and calf�察�six hogs and five pigs�察�with the promise of more。Before the 

others came the cows had again escaped to the woods�察�and the swine had 

been drowned� �

     In July Spangenberg wrote to Herrnhut that he had given his fifty acres 

of land�察�including the town lot�察�to the Moravian Congregation at Savannah�察�

and that he would at once apply to the Trustees to vest the title in that body�察�

and if he left Georgia before this was accomplished he would give a full 

Power of Attorney to Toeltschig。 From the first his land had been used as 

the common property of the party�察�and he desired that the nine men�察�who�察�

with him�察�were bound to the repayment of the 60 Pounds�察�borrowed from 

the Trustees�察�should have the use of it until that obligation was met�察�and 

then it should be used as the Savannah Congregation thought best。 

     Nitschmann's       land    seems    to   have   been    held   in   a  different    way�察�

although granted at the same time�察�and under similar circumstances。 July 

11th�察�Spangenberg sent him a detailed description of the town and garden 

lots�察�explaining   the  advantages   and difficulties of   cultivation�察 �suggesting 

several   methods by  which   it   could   be done�察  �and giving the   approximate 



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cost�察�urging that instructions be sent as to his wishes。Later he wrote that 

the company had decided not to wait for Nitschmann's reply�察�but to clear 

the garden on the terms usual in Georgia�察�e。g。�察�that the man who cleared a 

piece of ground held it rent free for seven years�察�when it reverted to the 

owner。 This had been done�察�and the garden was ready to plant and fence�察�

and   if   Nitschmann   approved   they  intended   to   clear   the   farm�察  �and   would 

build a small house on the town lot。Zinzendorf had suggested that negroes 

be employed on Nitschmann's land�察�but at that time slavery was prohibited 

in   Georgia�察  �and   any  negroes   who   ran   away   from   Carolina   were   at   once 

returned to their masters。 

     The two farms lay side by side about four miles from Savannah�察�the 

gardens�察    �also   adjoining�察   �were    about    two   miles    from   town�察   �so   it  was 

necessary to build cabins at both places�察�as shelters from sun and storm�察�

which   the   settlers   found   equally   trying。  Two   additional   cabins   had   been 

built in Savannah on Spangenberg's lot�察�and by the end of the year a house�察�

thirty´four     by   eighteen    feet   in  size�察 �was    under    roof�察  �though    not   yet 

finished。This gave an abundance of room�察�not only for themselves�察�but for 

the second company to whose arrival they were looking forward with such 

eagerness。 

     When   this   reinforcement   came   they   hoped   to   move   to   Zinzendorf's 

tract�察  �and   then�察  �as   soon   as   they   could   be   spared�察  �Demuth�察  �Haberecht�察�

Waschke and the two Haberlands wished to claim the twenty acres apiece 

which the Trustees had promised to the Count's ;servants;。 Riedel was of 

the    same    mind�察  �but  

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