the moravians in georgia(暢袋略寓壓杷嵶冉)-及15嫗
梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
to the Moravian tract�察�which Johnson surveyed�察�the Moravians acting as
chain´carriers。Spangenberg was much pleased with the tract。 It had a half
mile frontage on the Ogeechee�察�extended two miles back into the forest�察�
and gave a good variety of land�察�some low and damp for the cultivation of
rice�察�sandy soil covered with grass for pasturage�察�and dry uplands suitable
for corn and vegetables。A rapid stream furnished an abundance of pure
water�察�and site for a mill�察�while the thick growth of timber guaranteed a
43
´ Page 44´
The Moravians in Georgia
supply of material for houses and boats。Near the river rose a high hill�察�
where it had once been the intention to build a fort�察�and a house had really
been erected。This the Indians burned�察 �and later another site had been
chosen for Fort Argyle�察�but the place retained the name of ;Old Fort;�察�and
the hill would serve as the location for the Moravian dwelling。
Indian tribes which were friendly to the English lived at no great
distance�察�and the trail to Savannah and Ebenezer led directly by Old Fort�察�
while the opening of two roads would bring both those towns within a four
hour's ride of the settlement。
Well content�察 �therefore�察 �with their new acquisition�察 �the Moravians
returned to Fort Argyle�察�whence Johnson rode back to Savannah�察�leaving
them to follow with the boat。At the mouth of the Ogeechee they
encountered a severe storm�察�against which they could make little headway�察�
try as they would。 Their anchor was too light to hold against the current�察�
and there was a marsh on one bank and rocks on the other�察�but at last�察�after
night´fall�察�in the face of a terrific thunder storm�察�they forced their way to a
place where they could land�察�and where they passed the rest of the night�察�
enduring as best they could the heavy rain�察 �and the attack of insects�察�
against neither of which they were able to protect themselves。;This place
takes its name�察 �Rotten´possum'�察 �from an animal frequently found
here�察�which they call a Possum。I am told that it has a double belly�察�and that
if pursued it puts its young into one belly�察�runs up a tree until it reaches a
limb�察�springs out on that until it is among the leaves�察�and then lays itself
across the branch with one belly on each side�察 �and so hides itself�察 �and
saves its life� ─ �The rest of the journey was uneventful�察 �and on Friday
morning�察�September 2nd�察�they reached Savannah�察�having been absent ten
days。
It seems a great pity that the Moravians were unable to establish
themselves on this tract�察�where their industry would soon have made an
oasis in the wilderness�察 �but one thing after the other interfered�察 �and the
;second company; which arrived early in the following year�察�found them
still at Savannah。
In Savannah matters moved toward a fair degree of prosperity for the
Moravians。About four acres of Spangenberg's garden were cleared in time
44
´ Page 45´
The Moravians in Georgia
for the first summer's crop of corn�察�which yielded them sixty bushels。They
also raised some beans�察�which came to maturity at a time when provisions
and funds were very low�察�so helping them greatly。
The two farm lots were laid out during the summer�察 �Spangenberg
assisting with the survey。By the close of the year twenty´six acres had
been cleared�察 �on the uplands this meant the felling of trees�察�and gradual
removal of stumps as time permitted�察 �but on the rice lands it meant far
more。The great reeds�察 �ten to twelve feet high�察 �grew so thick that a man
could scarcely set foot between them�察 �and in cutting them down it was
necessary to go ;knee´deep; below the surface of the ground�察�and then the
roots were so intertwined that it was difficult to pull them out。
Every acre of land that was cleared and planted had to be securely
fenced in�察�for cattle roamed in the woods�察�and ruined unprotected crops。
Indeed�察 �the colonists in Georgia derived little benefit from their cattle�察�
which ran at large�察�and when a few were wanted for beef or for domestic
purposes�察�they were hunted and driven in。 The Moravians had to wait until
midsummer before they could get their allotment�察�and then they received a
cow and calf�察�six hogs and five pigs�察�with the promise of more。Before the
others came the cows had again escaped to the woods�察�and the swine had
been drowned� �
In July Spangenberg wrote to Herrnhut that he had given his fifty acres
of land�察�including the town lot�察�to the Moravian Congregation at Savannah�察�
and that he would at once apply to the Trustees to vest the title in that body�察�
and if he left Georgia before this was accomplished he would give a full
Power of Attorney to Toeltschig。 From the first his land had been used as
the common property of the party�察�and he desired that the nine men�察�who�察�
with him�察�were bound to the repayment of the 60 Pounds�察�borrowed from
the Trustees�察�should have the use of it until that obligation was met�察�and
then it should be used as the Savannah Congregation thought best。
Nitschmann's land seems to have been held in a different way�察�
although granted at the same time�察�and under similar circumstances。 July
11th�察�Spangenberg sent him a detailed description of the town and garden
lots�察�explaining the advantages and difficulties of cultivation�察 �suggesting
several methods by which it could be done�察 �and giving the approximate
45
´ Page 46´
The Moravians in Georgia
cost�察�urging that instructions be sent as to his wishes。Later he wrote that
the company had decided not to wait for Nitschmann's reply�察�but to clear
the garden on the terms usual in Georgia�察�e。g。�察�that the man who cleared a
piece of ground held it rent free for seven years�察�when it reverted to the
owner。 This had been done�察�and the garden was ready to plant and fence�察�
and if Nitschmann approved they intended to clear the farm�察 �and would
build a small house on the town lot。Zinzendorf had suggested that negroes
be employed on Nitschmann's land�察�but at that time slavery was prohibited
in Georgia�察 �and any negroes who ran away from Carolina were at once
returned to their masters。
The two farms lay side by side about four miles from Savannah�察�the
gardens�察 �also adjoining�察 �were about two miles from town�察 �so it was
necessary to build cabins at both places�察�as shelters from sun and storm�察�
which the settlers found equally trying。 Two additional cabins had been
built in Savannah on Spangenberg's lot�察�and by the end of the year a house�察�
thirty´four by eighteen feet in size�察 �was under roof�察 �though not yet
finished。This gave an abundance of room�察�not only for themselves�察�but for
the second company to whose arrival they were looking forward with such
eagerness。
When this reinforcement came they hoped to move to Zinzendorf's
tract�察 �and then�察 �as soon as they could be spared�察 �Demuth�察 �Haberecht�察�
Waschke and the two Haberlands wished to claim the twenty acres apiece
which the Trustees had promised to the Count's ;servants;。 Riedel was of
the same mind�察 �but