the moravians in georgia(暢袋略寓壓杷嵶冉)-及2嫗
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roseate than they anticipated�察 �it was not the fault of their generous�察�
energetic leader�察�who spared neither pains nor means in his effort to make
all things work out as his imagination had painted them。
The Trustees having�察�with great care�察�selected thirty´five families from
the number who wished to go�察�the first emigrant ship sailed for Georgia in
November�察 �1732�察 �bearing about one hundred and twenty´five ;sober�察�
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The Moravians in Georgia
industrious and moral persons;�察 �and all needful stores for the
establishment of the colony。Early in the following year they reached
America�察�and Oglethorpe�察�having chosen a high bluff on the southern bank
of the Savannah River�察 �concluded a satisfactory treaty with Tomochichi�察�
the chief of the nearest Indian tribe�察 �which was later ratified in a full
Council of the chiefs of all the Lower Creeks。 His fairness and courteous
treatment won the hearts of all�察�especially of Tomochichi and his people�察�
who for many years remained on the best of terms with the town which
was now laid out upon the bluff。
The Salzburgers。
The Salzburgers�察�referred to by name in the proposals of the Georgia
Trustees�察 �were�察 �at this time�察 �very much upon the mind and heart of
Protestant Europe。 They were Germans�察�belonging to the Archbishopric of
Salzburg�察�then the most eastern district of Bavaria�察�but now a province of
Austria。 ;Their ancestors�察�the Vallenges of Piedmont�察�had been compelled
by the barbarities of the Dukes of Savoy to find a shelter from the storms
of persecution in the Alpine passes and vales of Salzburg and the Tyrol�察�
before the Reformation�察�and frequently since�察�they had been hunted out by
the hirelings and soldiery of the Church of Rome�察�and condemned for their
faith to tortures of the most cruel and revolting kind。 In 1684´6�察�they were
again threatened with an exterminating persecution�察�but were saved in part
by the intervention of the Protestant States of Saxony and Brandenburg�察�
though more than a thousand emigrated on account of the dangers to
which they were exposed。
;But the quietness which they then enjoyed for nearly half a century
was rudely broken in upon by Leopold�察�Count of Firmian and Archbishop
of Salzburg�察�who determined to reduce them to the Papal faith and power。
He began in the year 1729�察�and ere he ended in 1732 not far from thirty
thousand had been driven from their homes�察�to seek among the Protestant
States of Europe that charity and peace which were denied them in the
glens and fastnesses of their native Alps。
;The march of these Salzburgers constitutes an epoch in the history of
Germany。* * *Arriving at Augsburg�察 �the magistrates closed the gates
against them�察�refusing them entrance to that city which�察�two hundred years
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The Moravians in Georgia
before�察�through Luther and Melancthon and in the presence of Charles V
and the assembled Princes of Germany�察�had given birth to the celebrated
Augsburg Confession�察 �for clinging to which the Salzburgers were now
driven from their homes�察 �but overawed by the Protestants�察 �the officers
reluctantly admitted the emigrants�察 �who were kindly entertained by the
Lutherans。
;The sympathies of Reformed Christendom were awakened on their
behalf�察 �and the most hospitable entertainment and assistance were
everywhere given them。; Only a few months after the signing of the
Georgia Colony Charter�察 �the ;Society for the Propagation of Christian
Knowledge; requested the Trustees to include the Salzburgers in their
plans。 The Trustees expressed their willingness to grant lands�察 �and to
manage any money given toward their expenses�察�but stated that they then
held no funds which were available for that purpose。
In May�察�1733�察�the House of Commons appropriated 10��000 Pounds to
the Trustees of Georgia�察 �to be applied towards defraying the charges of
carrying over and settling foreign and other Protestants in said colony�察─�
and over 3��000 Pounds additional having been given privately�察 �the
Trustees�察 �at the suggestion of Herr von Pfeil�察 �consul of Wittenberg at
Regensberg�察 �wrote to Senior Samuel Urlsperger�察 �pastor of the Lutheran
Church of St。 Ann in the city of Augsburg�察�who had been very kind to the
Salzburgers on their arrival there�察 �and ever afterward watched over their
welfare with the solicitude of an affectionate father。;On receipt of the
invitation from the Trustees�察 �seventy´eight persons decided to go to
Georgia�察�and left Augsburg on the 21st of October�察�reaching Rotterdam the
27th of November�察 �where they were joined by two ministers�察 �Rev。 Mr。
Bolzius�察�deputy superintendent of the Latin Orphan School at Halle�察�and
Rev。 Mr。 Gronau�察 �a tutor in the same�察 �who were to accompany them to
their new home。In England they were treated with marked kindness�察�and
when they sailed�察 �January 19�察 �1734�察 �it was with the promise of free
transportation to Georgia�察�and support there until they could reap their first
harvest from the fifty acres which were to be given to each man among
them。
They reached Charlestown�察�South Carolina�察�the following March�察�and
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The Moravians in Georgia
met General Oglethorpe�察�the Governor of Georgia�察�who was intending an
immediate return to Europe�察�but went back to help them select a suitable
place for their settlement�察�they preferring not to live in Savannah itself。The
site chosen was about twenty´five miles from Savannah�察�on a large stream
flowing into the Savannah River�察�and there they laid out their town�察�calling
it ;Ebenezer;�察�in grateful remembrance of the Divine help that had brought
them thither。 Baron von Reck�察�who had accompanied them as Commissary
of the Trustees�察�stayed with them until they had made a good beginning�察�
and then returned to Europe�察�leaving Ebenezer about the middle of May。
Unitas Fratrum。
But while the Salzburgers received so much sympathy and kindness in
Germany on account of their distress�察�other exiled Protestants�察�whose story
was no less touching�察 �were being treated with scant courtesy and
consideration。
On the 6th of July�察 �1415�察 �the Bohemian Reformer�察 �John Hus�察 �was
burned at the stake。But those who had silenced him could not unsay his
message�察�and at last there drew together a little body of earnest men�察�who
agreed to accept the Bible as their only standard of faith and practice�察�and
established a strict discipline which should keep their lives in the
simplicity�察�purity�察�and brotherly love of the early Apostolic Church。 This
was in 1457�察�and the movement quickly interested the thoughtful people in
all classes of society�察 �many of whom joined their ranks。The formal
organization of the Unitas Fratrum ��the Unity of Brethren�� followed�察�and
its preaching�察�theological publications�察�and educational work soon raised it
to great influence in Bohemia�察�Moravia�察�and Poland�察�friendly intercourse
being established with Luther�察 �