the moravians in georgia(暢袋略寓壓杷嵶冉)-及32嫗
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The Moravians in Georgia
to prevent it�察─�his opposers even attempting personal violence。One ;lady;
tried to shoot him�察�and when he seized her hands and took away her pistol�察�
she maliciously bit a great piece out of his arm。Still he made two more
visits to the place�察�and then in ;utter despair of doing good there�察─�took his
final leave of Frederica。
Work Among the Indians。
When the Moravians adopted the conversion of the Indians as their
main object for settling in America�察 �they were greatly influenced by the
attractive descriptions of the ;wild people; which were being published。 In
a ;Report;�察 �ascribed to Gen。 Oglethorpe�察 �it is stated that ;nothing is
lacking for their conversion to the Christian faith except a knowledge of
their language�察�for they already have an admirable conception of `morals'�察�
and their conduct agrees perfectly therewith。They have a horror of
adultery�察 �and disapprove of polygamy。Thieving is unknown to them。
Murder is considered an abominable crime�察 �and no one may be killed
except an enemy�察 �when they esteem it a virtue。;This�察 �like too many a
description written then and now to exploit a colonizing scheme�察�was far
too good to be true。The Indians proved apt learners�察�but of the vices rather
than the virtues of the English�察�and drunkenness with all its attendant evils�察�
was quickly introduced。 Afraid of their dusky neighbors�察�anxious to keep
on good terms with them�察�distrusting their loyalty to the English under the
bribes offered by French and Spanish�察�the Government tried to limit the
intercourse between the Indians and the settlers as much as possible�察�
treating the former as honored guests whenever they came to Savannah�察�
but forbidding the latter to go to them without special permit in times of
peace�察�and not at all in time of war。
When the Moravians came the restlessness which presaged war was
stirring among the tribes�察�becoming more and more pronounced�察�and one
of the Indian Chiefs said frankly�察 �Now our enemies are all about us�察�and
we can do nothing but fight�察�but if the Beloved Ones should ever give us
to be at peace�察�then we would hear the Great Word。;
Tomochichi�察�indeed�察�bade the missionaries welcome�察�and promised to
do all in his power to gain admission for them into all parts of his nation�察�
but the time was not ripe�察 �nor was his influence equal to his good´will。
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The Moravians in Georgia
Though called a ;king;�察�he was only chief of a small tribe living some four
or five miles from Savannah�察�part of the Creek Confederacy�察�which was
composed of a number of remnants�察 �gradually merged into one
;nation;。The ;Upper Creeks; lived about the head waters of the creeks
from which they took their name�察 �and the ;Lower Creeks;�察 �including
Tomochichi's people�察�were nearer the sea´coast。Ingham�察�whose heart was
set on the Indian work�察�was at first very anxious to go to the Cherokees�察�
who lived near the mountains�察�at a considerable distance from Savannah�察�
having been told that they had a desire to hear the ;Great Word;。On April
22nd�察�he spoke of his wish to Toeltschig�察�inviting Seifert and�察�if they chose�察�
another Moravian to join him in the work。 It was the best opportunity that
had yet offered�察 �and Seifert wanted to go to the Indians�察 �having already
studied their language as best he could�察�but they hesitated to undertake the
work conjointly with Ingham。 After some time the Cherokee plan was
abandoned。Oglethorpe objected on account of the danger that they would
be intercepted and killed�察�it being a fourteen day land journey to reach the
Cherokee country�察�and he positively refused to let John Wesley go because
that would leave Savannah without a minister。Toeltschig says Wesley's
interest in the Indian work failed�察�and another writer says he gave up the
work because he could not learn the Indian language�察�but Wesley lays all
the blame on Oglethorpe。
In January�察 �1737�察 �the question of going to the Upper Creeks was
submitted to the ;lot;�察�and the Moravians were bidden to wait for another
opening。Meanwhile an actual beginning had been made among the Lower
Creeks。On the 7th of May�察�Ingham and John Wesley went up the river to
the home of Mrs。 Musgrove�察�the half´breed woman who at this time was
of such great use as interpreter and mediator between the Indians and the
English。Arrangements were made by which Ingham should spend three
days of each week with her�察�teaching her children to read in exchange for
instruction in the Indian language。The other three or four days were to be
spent in Savannah�察 �communicating to Wesley the knowledge he had
acquired�察�Anton Seifert sharing in the lessons。
On the 19th of June�察 �the Moravians held a meeting to determine
whether the time had come for them to take up the Indian work in earnest。
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The ;lot; was appealed to�察�and the answer being that the language should
be learned�察�Seifert�察�George Neisser and John Boehner were appointed to
make diligent use of Ingham's instructions。The frequent visits of
Tomochichi and his people to Savannah gave them an opportunity to
practice speaking�察�for the Moravian house was always open to the red men�察�
and food and drink were theirs at any time of day�察 �a fact of which the
visitors were not slow to take advantage。
The ;lot; had so great an influence on the progress of affairs in the
Moravian Congregation at Savannah from this time on that it is necessary
to understand how the institution was regarded。 The use of the lot was
common in Old Testament days�察�and in the New Testament it is recorded
that when an apostle was to be chosen to take the place of the traitor�察�Judas�察�
the lot decided between two men who had been selected as in every way
suited for the place。 Following this example the members of the ancient
Unitas Fratrum used the lot in the selection of their first ministers�察�and the
Renewed Church did the same when the first elders were elected at
Herrnhut in 1727。 It was no uncommon practice in Germany�察�where many
persons who desired special guidance resorted to it more or less freely�察�and
Count Zinzendorf�察 �among the rest�察 �had used it from his youth up。
Gradually it came into general use among the Moravians�察 �and at a later
period in their history had its definite place in their system of government�察�
though the outside public never fully understood it�察 �and still holds
erroneous views�察 �despite the plain statements that have been made。By
degrees its use became more and more restricted�察�and has been long since
entirely abolished。
In its perfection the lot was simply this�察 �human intellect solving a
problem so far as earnest study and careful deliberation could go�察�and then�察�
if the issue was still in doubt�察 �a direct appeal for Divine guidance�察 �in
perfect faith that the Lord would plainly answer his servants�察 �who were
seeking to do his will。This st