唄診窮徨慕 > 哂猟圻广窮徨慕 > how to tell children stories(泌採公頃徨讐絞並) >

及15嫗

how to tell children stories(泌採公頃徨讐絞並)-及15嫗

弌傍�� how to tell children stories(泌採公頃徨讐絞並) 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��




before him。 The figure stretched its arms to him�察�and cried out for water。 

     ;Ha�察�ha�察─�laughed Schwartz�察 �do you suppose I brought the water up 

here for you�拭─�And he strode over the figure。 But when he had gone a few 

yards farther�察�he looked back�察�and the figure was not there。 

     Then he   stood   at   the   brink of   the   Golden   River�察  �and   its   waves   were 

black�察�and the roaring of the waters filled all the air。 He cast the flask into 

the stream。 And as he did so the lightning glared in his eyes�察�the earth gave 

way beneath him�察�and the river flowed over 

     The two Black Stones。 

       When Gluck found himself   alone�察�he at last decided to try his luck 

with the King of the Golden River。 The priest gave him some holy water 



                                             47 


´ Page 48´

                HOW TO TELL STORIES TO CHILDREN AND SOME STORIES TO TELL 



as soon as he asked for it�察�and with this and a basket of bread he started 

off。 

     The hill of ice was much harder for Gluck to climb�察�because he was 

not    so  strong   as  his   brothers。   He   lost  his  bread�察   �fell  often�察 �and   was 

exhausted when he got on firm ground。 He began to climb the hill in the 

hottest   part   of   the   day。   When   he   had   climbed   for   an   hour   he   was   very 

thirsty�察�and lifted the bottle to drink a little water。 As he did so he saw a 

feeble old man coming down the path toward him。 

     ;I am faint with thirst�察─�said the old man�察 �will you give me some of 

that water�拭─�

     Gluck saw that he was pale and tired�察�so he gave him the water�察�saying�察�

;Please don't drink it all。; But the old man drank a great deal�察�and gave 

back the bottle two´thirds emptied。 Then he bade Gluck good speed�察�and 

Gluck went on merrily。 

     Some grass appeared on the path�察�and the grasshoppers began to sing。 

     At the end of another hour�察�Gluck felt that he must drink again。 But�察�as 

he raised the flask�察�he saw a little child lying by the roadside�察�and it cried 

out pitifully for water。 After a struggle with himself Gluck decided to bear 

the thirst a little longer。 He put the bottle to the child's lips�察�and it drank all 

but a few drops。 Then it got up and ran down the hill。 

     All kinds of sweet flowers began to grow on the rocks�察�and crimson 

and purple butterflies flitted about in the air。 

     At the end of another hour�察�Gluck's thirst was almost unbearable。 He 

saw that there were only five or six drops of water in the bottle�察�however�察�

and he did not dare to drink。 So he was putting the flask away again when 

he saw a little dog on the rocks�察�gasping for breath。 He looked at it�察�and 

then at the Golden River�察�and he remembered the dwarf's words�察 �No one 

can succeed except at the first trial;�察�and he tried to pass the dog。 But it 

whined      piteously�察  �and   Gluck     stopped。    He   could    not  bear   to  pass   it。 

;Confound   the   King   and   his gold�察  �too� ─  �he   said�察  �and   he poured   the   few 

drops of water into the dog's mouth。 

     The dog sprang up�察�its tail disappeared�察�its nose grew red�察�and its eyes 

twinkled。 The next minute the dog was gone�察�and the King of the Golden 

River stood there。 He stooped and plucked a lily that grew beside Gluck's 



                                             48 


´ Page 49´

                HOW TO TELL STORIES TO CHILDREN AND SOME STORIES TO TELL 



feet。 Three drops of dew were on its white leaves。 These the dwarf shook 

into the flask which Gluck held in his hand。 

     ;Cast these into the river�察─�he said�察 �and go down the other side of the 

mountains into the Treasure Valley。; Then he disappeared。 

     Gluck stood on the brink of the Golden River�察�and cast the three drops 

of dew into the stream。 Where they fell�察�a little whirlpool opened�察�but the 

water did not turn to gold。 Indeed�察�the water seemed vanishing altogether。 

Gluck   was   disappointed   not   to   see   gold�察  �but   he   obeyed   the   King   of   the 

Golden River�察�and went down the other side of the mountains。 

     When   he   came   out   into   the Treasure Valley�察  �a   river�察 �like   the   Golden 

River�察  �was   springing   from   a   new   cleft   in   the   rocks   above�察  �and   flowing 

among the heaps of dry sand。 And then fresh grass sprang beside the river�察�

flowers opened along its sides�察�and vines began to cover the whole valley。 

The Treasure Valley was becoming a garden again。 

     Gluck   lived   in   the   Valley�察  �and   his   grapes   were   blue�察  �and   his   apples 

were red�察�and his corn was yellow�察�and the poor were never driven from 

his door。 For him�察�as the King had promised�察�the river was really a River 

of Gold。 

       It will probably be clear to anyone who has followed these attempts�察�

that the first step in adaptation is analysis�察�careful analysis of the story as it 

stands。 One asks oneself�察�What is the story�拭�Which events are necessary 

links in the chain�拭�How much of the text is pure description�拭�

     Having   this   essential   body   of   the   story   in   mind�察  �one   then   decides 

which of the steps toward the climax are needed for safe arrival there�察�and 

keeps these。 When two or more steps can be covered in a single stride�察�one 

makes   the   stride。   When   a   necessary   explanation   is   unduly   long�察  �or   is 

woven      into   the  story   in  too   many     strands�察  �one    disposes    of  it  in  an 

introductory   statement�察  �or   perhaps   in   a   side   remark。   If   there   are   two   or 

more threads of narrative�察�one chooses among them�察�and holds strictly to 

the one chosen�察�eliminating details which concern the others。 

     In order to hold the simplicity of plot so attained�察�it is also desirable to 

have but   few personages   in the story�察�and   to narrate the action   from  the 

point of view of one of them��usually the hero。 To shift the point of view 

of the action is confusing to the child's mind。 



                                              49 


´ Page 50´

                 HOW TO TELL STORIES TO CHILDREN AND SOME STORIES TO TELL 



     When      the   analysis   and    condensation      have    been   accomplished�察      �the 

whole must be cast in simple language�察�keeping if possible the same kind 

of speech as that used in the original�察�but changing difficult or technical 

terms to plain�察�and complex images to simple and familiar ones。 

     All types of adaptation share in this need of simple language��stories 

which are too short�察�as well as those which are too long�察�have this feature 

in   their   changed   form。   The   change   in   a   short   story   is   applied   oftenest 

where   it   becomes   desirable   to   amplify   a   single   anecdote�察  �or   perhaps   a 

fable�察  �which   is   told   in   very   condensed   form。   Such   an   instance   is      the 

following anecdote of heroism�察�which in the original is quoted in one of F。 

W。 Robertson's lectures on Poetry。 

       A   detachment      of   troops   was    marching      along    a  valley�察  �the  cliffs 

overhanging   which   were   crested   by   the   enemy。 A  sergeant�察  �with   eleven 

men�察�chanced to become separated from the rest by taking the wrong side 

of   a   ravine�察 �which   they  expected   soon   to   terminate�察�but   which   suddenly 

deepened into an impassable chasm。 The officer in command signalled to 

the   party  an   order   to   return。 They   mistook   the   signal   for   a   command   to 

charge�察  �the   brave   fellows   answered   with   a   cheer�察  �and   charged。   At   the 

summit   of   the   steep   mountain   was   a   triangular   platform�察  �defended   by   a 

breastwork�察�behind which were seventy of the foe。 On they went�察�charging 

up one of those fearful paths�察�eleven against seventy。 The contest could not 

long be doubtful with such odds。 One after another they fell�察�six upon the 

spot�察�the remainder hurled backwards�察�but not until they 

卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��0�� 家��0��

低辛嬬浪散議