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the discovery of guiana(窟�峭舊把�)-及6嫗

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                                 THE DISCOVERY OF GUIANA 



which they called St。 Joseph�察�by break of day。 They abode not any fight 

after    a  few   shot�察  �and   all  being    dismissed�察    �but  only    Berreo    and   his 

companion ��the Portuguese captain Alvaro Jorge���察�I brought them with me 

aboard�察�and at the instance of the Indians I set their new city of St。 Joseph 

on fire。 The same day arrived Captain George Gifford with your lordship's 

ship�察  �and   Captain   Keymis�察  �whom   I   lost   on   the   coast   of   Spain�察  �with   the 

galego�察�and in them divers gentlemen and others�察�which to our little army 

was a great comfort and supply。 

     We then hasted away towards our purposed discovery�察�and first I called 

all the captains of the island together that were enemies to the Spaniards�察�

for there were some which Berreo had brought out of other countries�察�and 

planted there to eat out and waste those that were natural of the place。 And 

by   my   Indian   interpreter�察  �which   I   carried   out   of   England�察  �I   made   them 

understand that I was the servant of a queen who was the great cacique of 

the north�察�and   a virgin�察�and   had more   caciqui under her   than there   were 

trees in that island�察�that she was an enemy to the Castellani in respect of 

their tyranny and oppression�察�and that she delivered all such nations about 

her�察  �as   were   by   them   oppressed�察  �and   having   freed   all   the   coast   of   the 

northern   world   from  their   servitude�察 �had   sent   me   to   free   them  also�察  �and 

withal to defend the country of Guiana from their invasion and conquest。 I 

shewed them her Majesty's picture�察�which they so admired and honoured�察�

as it had been easy to have brought them idolatrous thereof。 The like and a 

more large discourse I made to the rest of the nations�察�both in my passing 

to Guiana and to those of the borders�察�so as in that part of the world her 

Majesty is very famous and admirable�察�whom they now call EZRABETA 

CASSIPUNA AQUEREWANA�察�which is as much as 'Elizabeth�察�the Great 

Princess�察    �or  Greatest    Commander。'        This   done�察  �we    left  Puerto   de   los 

Espanoles�察  �and   returned   to   Curiapan�察  �and   having   Berreo   my   prisoner�察  �I 

gathered   from   him   as   much       of   Guiana   as   he  knew。   This    Berreo   is  a 

gentleman well descended�察�and had long served the Spanish king in Milan�察�

Naples�察�the Low Countries�察�and elsewhere�察�very valiant and liberal�察�and a 

gentleman of great assuredness�察�and of a great heart。 I used him according 

to his estate and worth in all things I could�察�according to the small means I 

had。 



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                                 THE DISCOVERY OF GUIANA 



     I   sent   Captain   Whiddon   the   year   before   to   get   what   knowledge   he 

could of Guiana�此�and the end of my journey at this time was to discover 

and enter the same。 But my intelligence was far from truth�察�for the country 

is situate about 600 English   miles further from the   sea than I was   made 

believe it had been。 Which afterwards understanding to be true by Berreo�察�

I kept it from the knowledge of my company�察�who else would never have 

been   brought   to   attempt   the   same。   Of   which   600   miles   I   passed   400�察�

leaving my ships so far from me at anchor in the sea�察�which was more of 

desire   to   perform   that   discovery   than   of   reason�察  �especially   having   such 

poor and weak vessels to transport ourselves in。 For in the bottom of an 

old galego which I caused to be fashioned like a galley�察�and in one barge�察�

two wherries�察�and a ship´boat of the Lion's Whelp�察�we carried 100 persons 

and their victuals for a month in the same�察�being all driven to lie in the rain 

and weather in the open air�察�in the burning sun�察�and upon the hard boards�察�

and   to   dress   our   meat�察  �and   to   carry   all  manner   of  furniture   in  them。 

Wherewith they were so pestered and unsavoury�察�that what with victuals 

being most fish�察�with the wet clothes of so many men thrust together�察�and 

the heat of the sun�察�I will undertake there was never any prison in England 

that could be found more unsavoury and loathsome�察�especially to myself�察�

who had for many years before been dieted and cared for in a sort far more 

differing。 

     If Captain Preston had not been persuaded that he should have come 

too   late   to   Trinidad   to   have   found   us   there   ��for   the   month   was   expired 

which I promised to tarry for him there ere he could recover the coast of 

Spain�� but that it had pleased God he might have joined with us�察�and that 

we had entered the country but some ten days sooner ere the rivers were 

overflown�察  �we   had   adventured   either   to   have   gone   to   the   great   city   of 

Manoa�察�or at least taken so many of the other cities and towns nearer at 

hand�察�as would have made a royal return。 But it pleased not God so much 

to favour me at this time。 If it shall be my lot to prosecute the same�察�I shall 

willingly spend my life therein。 And if any else shall be enabled thereunto�察�

and conquer the same�察�I assure him thus much�察�he shall perform more than 

ever was done in Mexico by Cortes�察�or in Peru by Pizarro�察�whereof the one 

conquered the empire of Mutezuma�察�the other of Guascar and Atabalipa。 



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                                 THE DISCOVERY OF GUIANA 



And whatsoever prince shall possess it�察�that prince shall be lord of more 

gold�察�and of a more beautiful empire�察�and of more cities and people�察�than 

either the king of Spain or the Great Turk。 

     But   because   there   may   arise   many   doubts�察  �and   how   this   empire   of 

Guiana   is   become   so   populous�察  �and   adorned   with   so   many   great   cities�察�

towns�察�temples�察�and treasures�察�I thought good to make it known�察�that the 

emperor   now   reigning   is   descended   from   those   magnificent   princes   of 

Peru�察�of whose large territories�察�of whose policies�察�conquests�察�edifices�察�and 

riches�察  �Pedro   de   Cieza�察  �Francisco   Lopez�察  �and   others   have   written   large 

discourses。      For   when     Francisco     Pizarro�察  �Diego     Almagro      and   others 

conquered the said empire of Peru�察�and had put to death Atabalipa�察�son to 

Guayna   Capac�察  �which Atabalipa   had   formerly   caused   his   eldest   brother 

Guascar to be slain�察�one of the younger sons of Guayna Capac fled out of 

Peru�察�and took with him many thousands of those soldiers of the empire 

called orejones �─�having large ears�察─�the name given by the Spaniards to 

the Peruvian warriors�察�who wore ear´ pendants���察�and with those and many 

others   which   followed   him�察  �he   vanquished   all   that   tract   and   valley   of 

America       which    is  situate   between      the  great   river   of   Amazons      and 

Baraquan�察     �otherwise     called   Orenoque      and    Maranon      ��Baraquan     is  the 

alternative name to Orenoque�察�Maranon to Amazons��。 

     The empire of Guiana is directly east from Peru towards the sea�察�and 

lieth under the equinoctial line�察�and it hath more abundance of gold than 

any   part   of   Peru�察  �and   as   many   or   more   great   cities   than   ever   Peru   had 

when it flourished most。 It is governed by the same laws�察�and the emperor 

and people observe the same religion�察�and the same form and policies in 

government   as   were   used   in   Peru�察 �not   differing   in   any   part。 And   I   have 

been assured by such of the Spaniards as have seen Manoa�察�the imperial 

city of Guiana�察�which the Spaniards call El Dorado�察�that for the greatness�察�

for the riches�察�and for the excellent seat�察�it far exceedeth any of the world�察�

at least of so much of the world as is known to the Spanish nat

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