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the soul of the indian(喩芦繁岻至)-及9嫗

弌傍�� the soul of the indian(喩芦繁岻至) 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

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commemoration of a miracle which to him is as authentic and holy as the 

raising of Lazarus to the devout Christian。 

     There is a legend that the First Man fell sick�察�and was taught by his 

Elder Brother the ceremonial use of the pipe�察�in a prayer to the spirits for 

ease and relief。      This simple ceremony is the commonest daily expression 

of thanks or ;grace�察─�as well as an oath of loyalty and good faith when the 



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warrior goes forth upon some perilous enterprise�察�and it enters even into 

his ;hambeday�察─�or solitary prayer�察�ascending as a rising vapor or incense 

to the Father of Spirits。 

     In all the war ceremonies and in medicine a special pipe is used�察�but at 

home or on the hunt the warrior employs his own。                   The pulverized weed 

is mixed with aromatic bark of the red willow�察�and pressed lightly into the 

bowl of the long stone pipe。           The worshiper lights it gravely and takes a 

whiff or two�察�then�察�standing erect�察�he holds it silently toward the Sun�察�our 

father�察�and toward the earth�察�our mother。             There are modern variations�察�as 

holding   the   pipe   to   the   Four   Winds�察  �the   Fire�察  �Water�察  �Rock�察  �and   other 

elements or objects of reverence。 

     There     are  many     religious   festivals   which    are   local  and   special    in 

character�察  �embodying   a   prayer   for   success   in   hunting   or   warfare�察  �or   for 

rain    and   bountiful    harvests�察  �but   these   two   are   the  sacraments      of  our 

religion。     For   baptism   we   substitute   the   ;eneepee�察─  �the   purification   by 

vapor�察�and in our holy communion we partake of the soothing incense of 

tobacco in the stead of bread and wine。 



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                               THE SOUL OF THE INDIAN 



              IV BARBARISM AND THE 

                          MORAL CODE 



     Silence    the   Corner´Stone      of  Character。     Basic    Ideas    of  Morality。 

;Give     All   or  Nothing� ─     �Rules     of   Honorable     Warfare。      An    Indian 

Conception of Courage。 

     Long before I ever heard of Christ�察�or saw a white man�察�I had learned 

from an untutored woman the essence of morality。                 With the help of dear 

Nature herself�察�she taught me things simple but of mighty import。                 I knew 

God。     I   perceived   what   goodness   is。     I   saw   and   loved   what   is   really 

beautiful。     Civilization has not taught me anything better� �

     As a child�察�I understood how to give�察�I have forgotten that grace since 

I   became     civilized。   I   lived  the   natural   life�察 �whereas    I  now   live  the 

artificial。   Any pretty pebble was valuable to me then�察�every growing tree 

an   object   of   reverence。    Now   I   worship   with   the   white   man   before   a 

painted landscape whose value is estimated in dollars�               �Thus the Indian is 

reconstructed�察�as   the  natural   rocks   are ground  to   powder�察 �and   made   into 

artificial blocks which may be built into the walls of modern society。 

     The    first  American      mingled     with   his   pride   a  singular    humility。 

Spiritual   arrogance   was   foreign   to   his   nature   and   teaching。    He   never 

claimed that the power of articulate speech was proof of superiority over 

the   dumb   creation�察  �on   the   other   hand�察  �it   is   to   him   a   perilous   gift。 He 

believes profoundly in silencethe sign of a perfect equilibrium。                Silence 

is the absolute poise or balance of body�察�mind�察�and spirit。               The man who 

preserves his selfhood ever calm and unshaken by the storms of existence´ 

´not a leaf�察�as it were�察�astir on the tree�察�not a ripple upon the surface of 

shining poolhis�察�in the mind of the unlettered sage�察�is the ideal attitude 

and conduct of life。 

     If   you   ask   him�此   �What   is   silence�拭─  �he   will   answer�此   �It   is   the   Great 

Mystery� ─      �The holy silence is His voice� ─           �If you ask�此 �What are the 

fruits   of   silence�拭─  �he   will   say�此   �They   are   self´control�察  �true   courage   or 

endurance�察�patience�察�dignity�察�and reverence。            Silence is the cornerstone of 

character。; 



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     ;Guard your tongue in youth�察─�said the old chief�察�Wabashaw�察 �and in 

age you may mature a thought that will be of service to your people� ─�

     The     moment       that   man     conceived      of   a   perfect    body�察   �supple�察�

symmetrical�察      �graceful�察   �and   enduringin     that  moment      he   had   laid  the 

foundation of a moral life�          �No man can hope to maintain such a temple 

of the spirit beyond the period of adolescence�察�unless he is able to curb his 

indulgence in the pleasures of the senses。            Upon this truth the Indian built 

a rigid system of physical training�察�a social and moral code that was the 

law of his life。 

     There was aroused in him as a child a high ideal of manly strength and 

beauty�察  �the   attainment   of   which   must   depend   upon   strict   temperance   in 

eating    and   in   the  sexual    relation�察 �together    with   severe    and   persistent 

exercise。     He desired to be a worthy link in the generations�察�and that he 

might not destroy by his weakness that vigor and purity of blood which 

had    been    achieved    at  the  cost   of  much     self´denial   by   a  long   line  of 

ancestors。 

     He   was   required   to   fast   from   time   to   time   for   short   periods�察  �and   to 

work off his superfluous energy by means of hard running�察�swimming�察�and 

the    vapor´bath。      The     bodily    fatigue    thus   induced�察    �especially    when 

coupled with a reduced diet�察�is a reliable cure for undue sexual desires。 

     Personal modesty was early cultivated as a safeguard�察�together with a 

strong self´respect and pride of family and race。               This was accomplished 

in   part   by   keeping   the   child   ever   before   the   public   eye�察  �from   his   birth 

onward。      His entrance into the world�察�especially in the case of the first´ 

born�察  �was   often   publicly   announced   by   the   herald�察  �accompanied           by   a 

distribution   of   presents   to   the old   and   needy。   The   same   thing   occurred 

when he took his first step�察�when his ears were pierced�察�and when he shot 

his first game�察�so that his childish exploits and progress were known to the 

whole   clan   as   to   a   larger   family�察  �and   he   grew   into   manhood   with   the 

saving sense of a reputation to sustain。 

     The youth was encouraged to enlist early in the public service�察�and to 

develop a wholesome ambition for the honors of a leader and feast´maker�察�

which can never be his unless he is truthful and generous�察�as well as brave�察�

and ever mindful of his personal chastity and honor。                   There were many 



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ceremonial customs which had a distinct moral influence�察�the woman was 

rigidly secluded at certain periods�察�and the young husband was forbidden 

to   approach   his   own   wife   when   preparing   for   war   or   for   any   religious 

event。     The public or   tribal position   of   the  Indian   is   entirely  dependent 

upon his private virtue�察�and he is never permitted to forget that he does not 

live to himself alone�察�but to his tribe and his clan。            Thus habits of perfect 

self´control were early established�察�and there were no unnatural conditions 

or complex temptations to beset him u

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