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the   jobs�察  �so  that   wages    slowly   went    down     and   at  the  same    time   the 

machines   were   speeded   up。   It   seems   that   many   of   these   ;black   people; 

were single men or vigorous young married people with only themselves 

to support�察�while the old American workers were men with families and 

little homes to pay for�察�and plenty of old grandfathers and mothers�察�to say 

nothing of babies�察�depending upon them。 

     ;There wasn't a living for a decent family left�察─�he said。 

     So    they   struckand    he   told  me   in   his  dull  monotone   of     the  long 

bitterness of that strike�察�the empty cupboards�察�the approach of winter with 

no coal for the stoves and no warm clothing for the children。 He told me 

that many of the old workers began to leave the town ��some bound for the 

larger cities�察�some for the Far West��。 

     ;But�察─�said he with a sudden outburst of emotion�察 �I couldn't leave。 I 

had the woman and the children� ─�

     And     presently    the  strike   collapsed�察   �and   the  workers     rushed    helter 

skelter   back   to   the   mills   to   get   their   old   jobs。   ;Begging   like   whipped 

dogs�察─�he said bitterly。 

     Many  of   them  found   their   places   taken   by  the   eager   ;black   people�察─�

and many had to go to work at lower wages in poorer placespunished for 

the fight they had made。 



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     But    he   got   along    somehow�察     �he   said;the    woman      was   a   good 

manager; until one day he had the misfortune to get his hand caught in 

the   machinery。   It   was   a   place   which   should   have   been   protected   with 

guards�察�but was not。 He was laid up for several weeks�察�and the company�察�

claiming that the accident was due to his own stupidity and carelessness�察�

refused even to pay his wages while he was idle。 Well�察�the family had to 

live somehow�察�and the woman and the daughter;she was a little thing�察─�

he said�察 �and frail;the woman and the daughter went into the mill。 But 

even   with   this   new   source   of   income   they   began   to   fall   behind。   Money 

which should have gone toward making the last payments on their home 

��already long delayed by the strike�� had now to go to the doctor and the 

grocer。 

     ;We had to live�察─�said Bill Hahn。 

     Again and again he used this same phrase�察 �We had to live� ─�as a sort 

of bedrock explanation for all the woes of life。 

     After a time�察�with one finger gone and a frightfully scarred handhe 

held it up for me to seehe went back into the mill。 

     ;But it kept getting worse and worse�察─�said he�察 �and finally I couldn't 

stand it any longer。; 

     He and a group of friends got together secretly and tried to organize a 

union�察�tried to get the workmen together to improve their own condition�察�

but   in   some   way   �─�they   had   spies   everywhere�察─  �he   said��   the   manager 

learned of the attempt and one morning when he reported at the mill he 

was handed a slip asking him to call for his wages�察�that his help was no 

longer required。 

     ;I'd been with that one company for twenty years and four months�察─�he 

said   bitterly�察   �I'd   helped   in   my   small   way   to   build   it   up�察  �make   it   a   big 

concern payin' 28 per cent。 dividends every year�察�I'd given part of my right 

hand in doin' itand they threw me out like an old shoe。; 

     He said he would have pulled up and gone away�察�but he still had the 

little home and the garden�察�and his wife and daughter were still at work�察�so 

he hung on grimly�察�trying to get some other job。 ;But what good is a man 

for any other sort of work�察─�he said�察 �when he has been trained to the mills 



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for thirty´two years� ─�

     It was not very long after that when the ;great strike; beganindeed�察�it 

grew   out   of   the   organization   which   he   had   tried   to   launchedand   Bill 

Hahn threw himself into it with all his strength。 He was one of the leaders。 

I shall not attempt to repeat here his description of the bitter struggle�察�the 

coming   of   the   soldiery�察 �the   street   riots�察 �the   long lists of   arrests   �─�some�察─�

said he�察 �got into jail on purpose�察�so that they could at least have enough to 

eat� ┌��察�the late meetings of strikers�察�the wild turmoil and excitement。 

     Of all this he told me�察�and then he stopped suddenly�察�and after a long 

pause he said in a low voice�此�

     ;Comrade�察  �did   ye   ever   see   your   wife   and   your   sickly   daughter   and 

your kids sufferin' for bread to eat�拭─�

     He paused again with a hard�察�dry sob in his voice。 

     ;Did ye ever see that�拭─�

     ;No�察─�said I�察�very humbly�察 �I have never seen anything like that。; 

     He turned on me suddenly�察�and I shall never forget the look on his face�察�

nor the blaze in his eyes�此�

     ;Then what can you know about working´man�拭─�

     What could I answer�拭�

     A moment passed and then he said�察�as if a little remorseful at having 

turned thus on me�此�

     ;Comrade�察�I tell you�察�the iron entered my soulthem days。; 

     It seems that the leaders of the strike were mostly old employees like 

Bill Hahn�察�and the company had conceived the idea that if these men could 

be eliminated the organization would collapse�察�and the strikers be forced 

back to work。 One day Bill Hahn found that proceedings had been started 

to turn him out of his home�察�upon which he had not been able to keep up 

his payments�察�and at the same time the merchant�察�of whom he had been a 

respected customer for years�察�refused to give him any further credit。 

     ;But we lived somehow�察─�he said�察 �we lived and we fought。; 

     It was then that he began to see clearly what it all meant。 He said he 

made   a   great   discovery�此  �that   the   ;black   people;   against   whom   they   had 

struck in 1894 were not to blame� �



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     ;I tell you�察─�said he�察 �we found when we got started that them black 

peoplewe used to call 'em dagoeswere just workin' people like usand 

in hell with us。 They were good soldiers�察�them Eyetalians and Poles and 

Syrians�察�they fought with us to the end。; 

     I shall not soon forget the intensely dramatic but perfectly simple way 

in   which   he   told   me   how   he   came�察  �as   he   said�察   �to   see   the   true   light。; 

Holding up his maimed right hand ��that trembled a little���察�he pointed one 

finger upward。 

     ;I seen the big hand in the sky�察─�he said�察 �I seen it as clear as daylight。; 

     He said he saw at last what Socialism meant。 One day he went home 

from a strikers' meetingone of the last�察�for the men were worn out with 

their   long   struggle。   It  was   a  bitter  cold   day�察  �and   he  was   completely 

discouraged。 When he reached his own street he saw a pile of household 

goods     on   the  sidewalk    in  front   of  his  home。    He   saw    his  wife   there 

wringing her hands and crying。 He said he could not take a step further�察�

but   sat   down   on   a   neighbour's   porch   and   looked   and   looked。   ;It   was 

curious�察─�he said�察 �but the only thing I could see or think about was our 

old family clock which they had stuck on top of the pile�察�half tipped over。 

It looked odd and I wanted to set it up straight。 It was the clock we bought 

when we were married�察�and we'd had it about twenty years on the mantel 

in the livin'´room。 It was a good clock�察─�he said。 

     He paused and then smiled a little。 

     ;I never have figured it out why I should have been able to think of 

nothing but that clock�察─�he said�察 �but so it was。; 

     When he got home�察�he found his frail da

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