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the memorabilia(射廷瞳)-及45嫗

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themselves   could   not   otherwise   become   famous�察  �whereas�察  �among   those 

who   aspire   to   become   eminent   politically   as   orators   and   statesmen�撮�13�А�

there are some who cannot see why they should not be able to do all that 

politics demand�察�at a moment's notice�察�by inspiration as it were�察�without 

any preliminary pains or preparations whatever�拭�And yet it would appear 

that   the   latter   concerns   must   be   more   difficult   of   achievement   than   the 

former�察�in proportion as there are more competitors in the field but fewer 

who reach the   goal of their   ambition�察�which   is  as much   as   to say  that   a 

more   sustained   effort   of   attention   is   needed   on   the   part   of   those   who 

embark upon the sea of politics than is elsewhere called for。 

     ��13�А�Or�察�more lit。 ;powerful in speech and action within the sphere of 

politics。; 

     Such were the topics on which Socrates was wont in the early days of 

their   association   to   dilate   in   the   hearing   of   Euthydemus�察  �but   when   the 

philosopher perceived that the youth not only could tolerate the turns of 

the    discussion     more    readily   but   was    now    become     a  somewhat       eager 



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listener�察  �he   went   to   the  saddler's   shop   alone�撮�14�А  �and   when   Euthydemus 

was seated by his side the following conversation took place。 

     ��14�А  �The   question   arises�此  �how   far   is   the   conversation   historical   or 

imaginary�拭�

     Soc。 Pray  tell me�察  �Euthydemus�察�is   it really  true what   people tell   me�察�

that you have made a large collection of the writings of ;the wise�察─�as they 

are called�殖�15�А�

     ��15�А  �Or�察   �have   collected   several   works   of   our   classical   authors   and 

philosophers。; 

     Euthydemus   answered�此  �Quite         true�察  �Socrates�察  �and   I   mean  to   go  on 

collecting until I possess all the books I can possibly lay hold of。 

     Soc。 By Hera� �I admire you for wishing to possess treasures of wisdom 

rather than of gold and silver�察�which shows that you do not believe gold 

and silver to be the means of making men better�察�but that the thoughts��16�А�

of the wise alone enrich with virtue their possessions。 

     ��16�А�Lit。 ;gnomes�察─�maxims�察�sententiae。 Cf。 Aristot。 ;Rhet。; ii。 21。 

     And Euthydemus was glad when he heard that saying�察�for�察�thought he 

to himself�察 �In the eyes of Socrates I am on the high road to the acquisition 

of wisdom。; But the latter�察�perceiving him to be pleased with the praise�察�

continued。 

     Soc。 And what is it in which you desire to excel�察�Euthydemus�察�that you 

collect books�拭�

     And when Euthydemus was silent�察�considering what answer he should 

make�察�Socrates added�此�Possibly you want to be a great doctor�拭�Why�察�the 

prescriptions��17�А�of the Pharmacopoeia would form a pretty large library 

by themselves。 

     ��17�А。�suggrammata���察 �medical treatises。; See Aristot。 ;Eth。; x。 9�察�21。 

     No�察�indeed�察�not I� 。�answered Euthydemus��。 

     Soc。 Then do you wish to be an architect�拭�That too implies a man of 

well´stored wit and judgment。��18�А�

     ��18�А   �Or�察  �To   be   that  implies   a  considerable     store   of  well´packed 

wisdom。; 

     I have no such ambition ��he replied��。 



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     Soc。 Well�察�do you wish to be a mathematician�察�like Theodorus�殖�19�А�

     ��19�А  �Of   Cyrene   ��cf。   Plat。   ;Theaet。;��   taught   Plato。   Diog。   Laert。   ii。   8�察�

19。 

     Euth。 No�察�nor yet a mathematician。 

     Soc。   Then   do   you   wish   to   be   an   astronomer�殖�20�А  �or   ��as   the   youth 

signified dissent�� possibly a rhapsodist�殖�21�А。�he asked���察�for I am told you 

have the entire works of Homer in your possession。��22�А�

     ��20�А�Cf。 below�察�IV。 vii。 4。 

     ��21�А�See ;Symp。; iii。 6�察�Plat。 ;Ion。; 

     ��22�А�See Jowett�察 �Plato�察─�i。 229�察�Grote�察 �Plato�察─�i。 455。 

     Nay�察�God forbid� �not I� 。�ejaculated the youth��。 Rhapsodists have a very 

exact    acquaintance      with   epic   poetry�察  �I  know�察   �of  course�察  �but   they   are 

empty´pated creatures enough themselves。��23�А�

     ��23�А  �Or�察   �are   simply   perfect   in   the   art   of   reciting   epic   poetry�察  �but 

are apt to be the veriest simpletons themselves。; 

     At last Socrates said�此�Can it be�察�Euthydemus�察�that you are an aspirant 

to    that    excellence      through      which     men     become       statesmen      and 

administrators fit to rule and apt to benefit��24�А�the rest of the world and 

themselves�拭�

     ��24�А   �Or�察   �statesmen�察  �and   economists�察  �and   rules�察  �and   benefactors   of 

the rest of the world and themselves。; 

     Yes ��replied he���察�that is the excellence I desirebeyond measure。 

     Upon my word ��said Socrates���察�then you have indeed selected as the 

object of your ambition the noblest of virtues and the greatest of the arts�察�

for this is the property of kings�察�and is entitled ;royal;�察�but ��he continued�� 

have    you    considered     whether    it  is  possible   to  excel    in  these   matters 

without being just and upright�殖�25�А�

     ��25�А   �Just�察 。�dikaios��     =  upright�察   �righteous。    Justice�察  。�dikaiosune��      = 

social     uprightness     =   righteousness�察     �N。T。    To   quote     a  friend�此    �The 

Greek ��dikaios�� combines the active dealing out of justice with                          the 

self´reflective   idea   of   preserving   justice   in   our   conduct�察         �which   is 

what we mean by 'upright。'; 

     Euth。 Certainly I have�察�and I say that without justice and uprightness it 



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is impossible to be a good citizen。 

     No doubt ��replied Socrates�� you have accomplished that initial step�拭�

     Euth。 Well�察�Socrates�察�I think I could hold my own against all comers as 

an upright man。 

     And     have   upright    men    ��continued     Socrates��    their   distinctive   and 

appropriate works like those of carpenters or shoe´makers�拭�

     Euth。 To be sure they have。 

     Soc。 And just as the carpenter is able to exhibit his works and products�察�

the righteous man should be able to expound and set forth his�察�should he 

not�拭�

     I see ��replied Euthydemus�� you are afraid I cannot expound the works 

of   righteousness�      �Why�察   �bless  me�    �of  course   I  can�察  �and   the  works    of 

unrighteousness   into   the   bargain�察  �since   there   are   not   a   few   of   that   sort 

within reach of eye and ear every day。 

     Shall we then ��proceeded Socrates�� write the letter R on this side�撮�26�А�

and on that side the letter W�察�and then anything that appears to us to be the 

product   of   righteousness   we   will   place   to   the   R   account�察  �and   anything 

which     appears    to  be   the  product    of  wrong´doing       and   iniquity   to  the 

account of W�拭�

     ��26�А�The   letter   R   ��to   stand   for   Right�察  �Righteous�察  �Upright�察  �Just��。  The 

letter W ��to stand for Wrong�察�Unrighteous�察�Unjust��。 

     By all means do so ��he answered���察�if you think that it assists matters。 

     Accordingly       Socrates    drew    the  letters�察 �as   he  had    suggested�察   �and 

continued。 

     Soc。 Lying exists among men�察�does it not�拭�

     Euth。 Certainly。 

     To which side of the account then shall we place it�拭。�he asked��。 

     Euth。 Clearly on the side of wrong and injustice。 

     Soc。 Deceit too is not uncommon�拭�

     Euth。 By no means。 

     Soc。 To which side shall we place deceit�拭�

     Euth。 Deceit clearly on the side of wrong。 

     Soc。 Well�察�and chicanery��27�А�or mischief of any sort�拭�



                          

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