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with   these   latter   they   serve   him   as   means   of   subsistence   or   articles   of 

commerce�察  �indeed�察  �a   large   portion   of   the   human   family   do   not   use   the 

products of the soil as food at all�察�but live on the milk and cheese and flesh 

of their flocks and herds�察�whilst all men everywhere tame and domesticate 

the   more   useful   kinds   of   animals�察  �and   turn   them   to   account   as   fellow´ 

workers in war and for other purposes。 

     Yes�察�I cannot but agree with what you say ��he answered���察�when I see 

that animals so much stronger than man become so subservient to his hand 

that he can use them as he lists。 

     Soc。 And as we reflect on the infinite beauty and utility and the variety 

of nature�察�what are we to say of the fact that man has been endowed with 

sensibilities which correspond with this diversity�察�whereby we take our fill 

of every blessing�撮�17�А�or�察�again�察�this implanted faculty of reasoning�察�which 

enables us   to   draw   inferences   concerning   the  things   which   we  perceive�察�

and by aid of memory to understand how each set of things may be turned 

to our good�察�and to devise countless contrivances with a view to enjoying 



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the   good   and   repelling   the   evil�察  �or   lastly�察  �when   we   consider   the   faculty 

bestowed   upon   us   of   interpretative   speech�察  �by   which   we   are   enabled   to 

instruct one another�察�and to participate in all the blessings fore´named�此�to 

form      societies�察   �to   establish     laws�察   �and    to   enter    upon     a   civilised 

existence��18��what are we to think�拭�

     ��17�А�Or�察 �Again�察�when we consider how many beautiful objects there 

are         serviceable to man�察�and yet how unlike they are to one another�察�

the    fact   that   man    has    been    endowed      with    senses    adapted     to   each 

class of things�察�and so has access to a world of happiness。; 

     ��18�А�Cf。 Aristot。 ;Pol。; III。 ix。 5。 

     Euth。 Yes�察�Socrates�察�decidely it would appear that the gods do manifest 

a great regard�察�nay�察�a tender care�察�towards mankind。 

     Soc。    Well�察   �and   what    do   you   make    of   the  fact   that  where     we   are 

powerless   to   take   advantageous   forethought   for   our   future�察  �at   this   stage 

they    themselves      lend    us  their   co´operation�察     �imparting     to  the   inquirer 

through divination knowledge of events about to happen�察�and instructing 

him by what means they may best be turned to good account�拭�

     Euth。    Ay�察  �and   you�察   �Socrates�察   �they   would     seem   to   treat  in  a  more 

friendly manner still than the rest of men�察�if�察�without waiting even to be 

inquired of   by  you�察 �they  show  you   by  signs   beforehand   what   you   must�察�

and what you must not do。��19�А�

     ��19�А  �See   above�察  �I。   iv。   14�察  �for   a   parallel   to   the   train   of   thought   on 

the    part   of   Aristodemus        ;the   little�察─ �and    of   Euthydemus�察       �and    for 

Socrates' ��daimonion���察�see above�察�Grote�察 �Plato�察─�i。 400。 

     Soc。 Yes�察�and you will discover for youself the truth of what I say�察�if�察�

without waiting to behold the outward and visible forms��20�А�of the gods 

themselves�察  �you   will   be   content   to   behold   their   works�察  �and   with   these 

before   you�察  �to   worship   and   honour   the   Divine   authors   of   them。��21�А  �I 

would      have    you    reflect   that   the   very   gods    themselves       suggest    this 

teaching。��22�А�Not one of these but gives us freely of his blessings�察�yet they 

do not step from behind their veil in order to grant one single boon。��23�А�

And pre´eminently He who orders and holds together the universe�撮�24�А�in 

which are all things beautiful and good�撮�25�А�who fashions and refashions it 



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to never´ending use unworn�察�keeping it free from sickness or decay�撮�26�А�so 

that   swifter   than   thought   it   ministers   to   his   will   unerringlythis   God   is 

seen to perform the mightiest operations�察�but in the actual administration 

of   the   same   abides   himself   invisible   to   mortal   ken。   Reflect   further�察  �this 

Sun above our heads�察�so visible to allas we supposewill not suffer man 

to   regard   him   too   narrowly�察  �but   should   any   essay   to   watch   him   with   a 

shameless stare he will snatch away their power of vision。 And if the gods 

themselves   are   thus   unseen�察  �so   too   shall   you   find   their   ministers   to   be 

hidden   also�察  �from   the   height   of   heaven   above   the   thunderbolt   is   plainly 

hurled�察�and triumphs over all that it encounters�察�yet it is all´invisible�察�no 

eye may detect its coming or its going at the moment of its swoop。 The 

winds   also   are   themselves   unseen�察  �though   their   works   are   manifest�察  �and 

through their approach   we are aware   of them。 And let us   not forget�察  �the 

soul   of   man   himself�察  �which   if   aught   else   human   shares   in   the   divine 

however manifestly enthroned within our bosom�察�is as wholly as the rest 

hidden   from   our   gaze。   These   things   you   should   lay   to   mind�察  �and   not 

despise the invisible ones�察�but learn to recognise their power�察�as revealed 

in outward things�察�and to know the divine influence。��27�А�

     ��20�А�Cf。 Cic。 ;de N。 D。; I。 xii。 31�察�Lactantius�察 �de Ira�察─�xi。 13。 

     ��21�А�See L。 Dindorf ad loc。 ��ed。 Ox。 1862���察。�theous���察�G。 Sauppe�察�vol。 

iii。 ;An。 crit。; p。 xxix�察�R。 Kuhner�察�C。 Schenkl。 

     ��22�А   �i。e。  ;that   man     must    walk    by   faith。;   For   ��upodeiknunai��         cf。 

;Econ。; xii。 18。 

     ��23�А�Schneid。 cf。 Plat。 ;Crat。; 396。 

     ��24�А�Or�察 �the co´ordinator and container of the universe。; 

     ��25�А�Or�察 �in whom all beauty and goodness is。; 

     ��26�А�Cf。 ;Cyrop。; VIII。 vii。 22�察�above�察�I。 iv。 13。 

     ��27�А。�to daimonion���察�the divinity。 

     Nay�察�Socrates ��replied Euthydemus���察�there is no danger I shall turn a 

deaf ear to the divine influence even a little�察�of that I am not afraid�察�but I 

am out of heart to think that no soul of man may ever requite the kindness 

of the gods with fitting gratitude。 

     Be not out of heart because of that ��he said���察�you know what answer 



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the god at Delphi makes to each one who comes asking ;how shall I return 

thanks to heaven�拭─�According to the law and custom of your city;�察�and 

this�察�I presume�察�is law and custom everywhere that a man should please 

the gods with offerings according to the ability which is in him。��28�А�How 

then should a man honour the gods with more beautiful or holier honour 

than by doing what they bid him�拭�but he must in no wise slacken or fall 

short of his ability�察�for when a man so does�察�it is manifest�察�I presume�察�that 

at   the   moment   he   is   not   honouring   the  gods。 You   must   then   honour   the 

gods�察�not with shortcoming but according to your ability�察�and having   so 

done�察  �be   of   good   cheer   and   hope   to   receive   the   greatest   blessings。   For 

where else should a man of sober sense look to receive great blessings if 

not   from  those   who   are   able   to   help   him   most�察  �and   how   else   should   he 

hope to obtain them save by seeking to please his helper�察�and how may he 

hope     to  please    his   helper   better   than    by   yielding    him   the   amplest 

obedience�拭�

     ��28�А  �Or�察   �and   that   law�察 �I  presume�察  �is   universal    which   says�察   �Let   a 

man�察─�etc。�察�and for the maxim see above�察 �Anab。; III。 ii。 9。 

     By such wordsand conduct corresponding to his w

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