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the proposed territory of arizona(冉稗 椎議圓協舟順)-及2嫗


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!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��




beans�察�and in many parts grapes and other foreign fruits were cultivated。; 

     In the western part of the Territory were the missions of St。 Pierre�察�St。 

Paul�察 �St。   Matthias�察 �St。   Simond�察 �St。   Francisco�察 �Merci�察  �the   ranches   of   Eau 

Cheri�察�Eau de la Lune�察�and others�察�on the Santa Cruz the missions of San 

Xavier   del   Bac�察  �Santiago�察  �San   Cayetano�察  �and   San   Philipe�察  �the   towns   of 

Tueson�察�Tubac�察�Reges�察�San Augusta�察�and many others。 San Xavier del Bac 

is   still  in  existence。   It  is  a  mission    church    of  great   size   and   beauty�察�

magnificently   ornamented   within�察  �forty   thousand   dollars   in   solid   silver 

served to adorn the altar。 Upon the San Pedro river were the missions of St。 

Mark�察    �San    Salvadore�察    �San   Pantaleon�察    �Santa    Cruz�察   �and   the   towns    of 



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Quiduria�察�Rosario�察�Eugenia�察�Victoria�察�and San Fernandothe latter at the 

mouthwith many more。 To the east some small settlements were found 

on the Valle del Sauz�察�on the Mimbres�察�at the copper mines north of the 

Mimbres�察      �and    to  the   south    the   immense      grazing    and    stock´raising 

establishment of San Bernardino�察�where since have been raised hundreds 

of   thousands     of  cattle   and   horses。   The   Indians    in  the   vicinity   of  the 

missions     were    reduced     first  to  obedience    by   the  Jesuits�察  �and   then   to 

slavery by the Spaniards。 

     The notes referred to above contain the names and localities of more 

than   a   hundred   silver    and   gold   mines   which     were   worked     with   great 

success by the Spaniards。 The survey of the Jesuit priest about 1687 was 

repeated in 1710 with renewed discoveries�察�and consequent accession of 

population。 From this time up to 1757 the conquest and settlement of the 

country     was    prosecuted     with   vigor�察  �both   by   the   Jesuits'  Society    and 

Spanish government。 

     The     missions    and    settlements     were    repeatedly     destroyed     by   the 

Apaches�察  �and   the   priests   and   settlers   massacred   or   driven   off。 As   often 

were they re´established。 The Indians at length�察�thoroughly aroused by the 

cruelties   of   the   Spaniards�察 �by  whom  they  were   deprived   of   their   liberty�察�

forced to labor in the silver mines with inadequate food�察�and barbarously 

treated�察�finally rose�察�joined with tribes who had never been subdued�察�and 

gradually drove out or massacred their oppressors。 A superior civilization 

disappeared before their devastating career�察�and to day there is scarcely a 

trace   of   it   left�察  �except   scarcely   visible   ruins�察  �evidence   everywhere�察  �of 

extensive and hastily´deserted mining operations�察�and the tradition of the 

country。 The mission of San Xavier del Bac�察�and the old towns of Tueson 

and   Tubac�察  �are   the   most   prominent   of   these   remains。   The   labors   of   the 

Jesuits to civilize the Indians are still evident in the mission Indians�察�the 

Papagos and Pimas�察�who live in villages�察�cultivate crops of corn and wheat�察�

and who�察�in the Christian and human elements of good faith and charity�察�

are�察�to say the least�察�in no way inferior to the Mexicans。 After the massacre 

of   four of   Crabbe's unfortunate party  near   Sonoita   by  the   Mexicans�察 �the 

Papago Indians buried carefully the bodies to which Mexican inhumanity 

had   denied   this   last   charitable   office。   It   is   a   curious   and   suggestive   fact 



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that    the  latitude    of  places    upon    Gila�察  �Santa    Cruz�察   �and   San    Pedro�察�

determined   by   the   Jesuits   about   1750�察  �has   lately   been   verified   by   the 

observations   of   Park   Michler�察  �and   Emory。   The   instruments   used   by   the 

Jesuits were constructed by them�察�the lenses being made from pebbles。 

     From  1757   down to   1820�察  �the   Spaniards   and  Mexicans   continued   to 

work many valuable mines near Barbacora�察�and the notes in my possession 

speak of many silver mines�察�most of which contained a percentage of gold。 

;The     San    Pedro    gold   mine    in  1748    was    worked     with   extraordinary 

success。;     Among       the  mines     anciently    worked�察    �as  laid   down     in  the 

authorities   heretofore   referred   to�察  �were   the   Dolores�察  �San   Antonio�察  �Casa 

Gordo�察�Cabrisa�察�San Juan Batista�察�Santa Anna�察。�which was worked to the 

depth     of   one   hundred      and   twenty     yards�撮�   Rosario�察    �Cata   de   Agua�察�

Guadaloupe�察  �Connilla�察  �Prieta�察  �Santa   Catarina�察  �Guzopa�察  �Huratano�察  �Arpa�察�

Descuhidara�察�Nacosare�察�Arguage�察�Churinababi�察�Huacal�察�Pinal�察�and a great 

number of others which it would only be tedious to mention。 

     The   most     celebrated   modern   localities   are   Arivaca�察  。�also      anciently 

famous as Aribac�撮� Sopori�察�the Arizona mountains�察�the Santa Rita range�察�

the Cerro Colorado�察�the entire vicinity of Tubac�察�the Del Ajo�察�or Arizona 

copper mine�察�the Gadsonia copper mine�察�and the Gila river copper mines。 

These last are situated directly upon the Gila�察�only twenty´five miles from 

its mouth。 The writer assures the public that there is no room for doubt as 

to   the   authenticity   of   these   statements�察  �or   the   immense   resources   of   the 

new  Territory   in   silver�察  �copper�察  �and   probably   gold。 As   late   as   1820�察  �the 

Mina Cobre de la Plata�察。�silver copper mines�撮� near Fort Webster�察�north of 

the Gila�察�were worked to great advantage�察�and so rich was the ore that it 

paid for transportation on muleback more than a thousand miles to the city 

of Mexico。 

     Every     exploration     within    the   past   few    years   has   confirmed      the 

statements of the ancient records。 The testimony of living Mexicans�察�and 

the tradition of the country�察�all tend to the same end。 Col。 A。 B。 Gray�察�Col。 

Emory�察�Lt。 Michler�察�Lt。 Parke�察�the Hon。 John R。 Bartlett�察�late of the United 

States Boundary Commission�察�all agree in the statement that the Territory 

has immense resources in silver and copper。 Col。 Emory says in his report�此�

     ;On account of the Gold Mania in California I kept the search for gold 



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and    other    precious    metals    as  much     out   of  view    as   possible�察  �scarcely 

allowing it to be a matter of conversation�察�much less of actual search。 Yet�察�

enough was ascertained to convince us that the whole region was teeming 

with    the   precious    metals。    We    everywhere       saw   the   remains    of   mining 

operations�察     �conducted       by   the   Spaniards�察     �and    more    recently     by   the 

Mexicans。; 

     The   report   enumerates   at   considerable   length   the   various   localities 

examined by Col。 Emory's party�察�and others�察�of which there could be no 

doubt。 

     In view of these authorities�察�it is hoped that those who will not believe 

upon   any   evidence�察  �will   be   content   in   their   own   incredulity。   The   most 

authentic reports of   these   immense   mineral resources have   been used   as 

authorities against their existence。 The authors of these denials either have 

never read what they pretend to quote�察�or think no one else has。 The Hon。 

T。  Butler   King�察  �who   was   the   first to   reveal   to   an   incredulous   public   the 

wonders of the California gold mines�察�has had the singular good fortune to 

be    also   among     the   first  to  publish    correct    and   authentic     information 

relating to the silver treasures of Arizona。 His report upon the reso

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