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the proposed territory of arizona(冉稗 椎議圓協舟順)-及3嫗


梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��




relating to the silver treasures of Arizona。 His report upon the resources of 

the new Territory has all the charm to the reader that his California report 

had�察  �and   its   brilliant   predictions   will   be   as   fully   realized。   To   Gray   and 

Emory   is   the   country   most   indebted   for   the   earliest   and   most   important 

discoveries。 

     The agricultural resources of Arizona�察�are sufficient to sustain a large 

mining population�察�and afford abundant supplies for the great immigration 

which   will   follow   the   development   of   its   mineral   resources。   The   whole 

valley of the Gila�察�more than four hundred miles in length�察�can be made 

with proper exertion to yield plentiful crops。 The Pimos Indians�察�who live 

in   villages   on   the   Gila�察  �one   hundred   and   seventy   miles   from   its   mouth�察�

raise large crops of cotton�察�wheat�察�and corn�察�and have for years supplied 

the    thousands      of   emigrants     who     traverse    the   Territory     en   route   to 

California。   These   Indians   manufacture   their   cotton   into   blankets   of   fine 

texture   and   beautiful   pattern�察  �which   command   a   high   price。   They   also 

grind their corn and wheat�察�and make bread。 In fact�察�the Pimos realize in 

their   everyday  life   something   of   our   ideas   of Aztec   civilization。 A  town 



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will probably grow up just above the Pimos villages�察�as there is a rich back 

country�察�and the streams afford a valuable water power for running mills。 

     The   valley   of   the   Santa   Cruz   traverses   the   territory   from   South   to 

North�察�sinking near the town of Tueson�察�and probably finding its way to 

the Gila�察�as a subterranean stream。 This valley�察�of the richest land�察�is about 

one hundred miles long�察�in many places of great width�察�and has on each 

side of it many rich valleys of limited extent�察�watered by streams from the 

mountains�察�which flow into the Santa Cruz。 The valleys and Ranches of 

Arivaca�察�Sopori�察�Calabazas�察�and Tueson�察�are those at present most thickly 

settled。 These   produce   all   the   fruits   known   to   a   Southern   climegrapes�察�

wheat�察  �corn�察  �and   cotton   in   great   abundance。   The   San   Pedro   river   and 

valley   is   also   one   of   great   richness�察  �and   is   reported   by   Lieut。   Parke   as 

capable   of   sustaining   a   large  population。 The Valle  de   Sauz�察  �still   farther 

East�察   �more     limited    than   the   San   Pedro     or  Santa    Cruz�察   �can   be   made 

available for a considerable population。 The Mimbres River also can�察�by a 

small   outlay�察  �be   made   to   irrigate   a   large   surface   and   supply   a   moderate 

settlement。   The   various   springs   laid   down   by   Gray�察  �Emory�察  �Parke�察  �and 

Bartlett�察�will all afford water for small settlements�察�and their supply can be 

much increased by a judicious outlay of money。 The Rio Grande valley is 

very rich�察�and in places of great width。 The Mesilla valley already contains 

a   population   of   about   five   thousand   souls�察  �and   there   is   ample   room   for 

many more。 

     If�察�as proposed�察�the Northern boundary of the Arizona Territory should 

enclose the Northern branches of the Gila�察�an agricultural region will be 

opened   to   settlement   sufficient   in   itself   to   sustain   the   population   of   an 

immense agricultural State。 Col。 Bonneville�察�who is now at the head of a 

large force exploring this region�察�writes to the Secretary of War that it is 

the    finest   country    he   has   ever   seen�察   �valleys     capable    of   sustaining    a 

population of twenty thousand each�察�teeming at every step with evidences 

of    an    immense       population      long    ago´and      an   ancient     and    superior 

civilization。; The Hon。 John R。 Bartlett says of the ;Salinas�察─�one of the 

Northern branches of   the  Gila�察 �that   it   alone  will supply  food   for a  great 

State。   It   must   be   recollected�察  �in   this   connection�察  �that   the   great   mineral 

wealth   of Arizona   will   call   for   and   amply  repay  for   the   redemption   and 



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expensive       cultivation    of   all  the   available    lands�察   �and   that   irrigation 

produces      immensely      greater   crops    than   the  other   method     of   planting。 

Throughout   the   whole   of   Utah�察  �irrigation   has   been   resorted   to   with   the 

greatest success。 The soil in Utah�察�in no place that the writer saw it�察�could 

in any way be compared to that of the bottom lands of Arizona。 

     Captain Whipple in his valuable report of exploration for the Pacific 

Railroad�察  �published   by   order   of   Congress�察  �crossed   the   upper   part   of   the 

region alluded to�察�and which is watered by the Rio Verde and Salinas。 He 

fully sustains me in my remarks on those rich valleys。 

     ;We   are   in   the   pleasantest   region   we   have     seen   since   leaving    the 

Choctaw   country。   Here   are   clear   rivulets�察  �with   fertile   valleys   and   forest 

trees。 The wide belt of country that borders the Black Forest�察�and probably 

extends along the Rio Verde to the Salinas and Gila�察�bears every indication 

of being able to support a large agricultural and pastoral population。 The 

valley   of   the   Rio   Verde   is   magnificently   wooded   with        furs   and   oaks�察�

affording      excellent    timber。   Ancient     ruins   are   said   by   trappers    to  be 

scattered   over   its   whole   length   to   the   confluence   with   the   Salinas。   We�察�

therefore�察�seem to have skirted the boundary of a country once populous�察�

and     worthy     of  becoming       so  again。    Besides     the   advantages      already 

enumerated�察  �the   mountains   in   this   vicinity   bear   indications   of   mineral 

wealth。 Vol。 3�察�p。 93。; 

     The notes before referred to�察�in the possession of the writer�察�speak of 

great farming and grazing establishments scattered over the whole face of 

the Territory�察�between 1610 and 1800�察�which produced abundant crops of 

cereals�察    �fruits�察 �and    grapes。    These     statements     are   confirmed      by   the 

testimony of Major Emory and his report�察�where he enumerates several of 

the most extensiveby Gray�察�Bartlett�察�Parke�察�and Col。 Bonneville。 Many 

of   the   Ranches�察    �deserted    by   the  Mexicans      on  account     of  the  Apache 

Indians�察�have upon them large�察�well´built adobe houses which must have 

cost the builders thousands of dollars。 Many of these have been occupied 

under squatter titles by emigrants within the last few years。 Of others�察�only 

the ruins remain�察�having been destroyed by the depredations of the Indians�察�

or by the heavy rains of the succeeding years。 

     The greater portion of these lands on the Santa Cruz and San Pedro are 



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covered by Mexican titles´ �and many of these again by squatter claims。 It 

is   absolutely   necessary   that   Congress   should   by   some   wise   and   speedy 

legislation settle�察�upon some definite basis�察�the land titles of Arizona。 Until 

this is done�察�disorder and anarchy will reign supreme over the country。 The 

present condition of California is in a great degree to be attributed to the 

want of any title to the most valuable real property in the State�察�and the 

millions which have been spent in fruitless litigation should teach a lesson 

of great practical value。 Let those Spanish grants and Mexican titles which 

have been occupied in good faith be affirmed in the most expeditious and 

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