the proposed territory of arizona(冉稗 椎議圓協舟順)-及3嫗
梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
relating to the silver treasures of Arizona。 His report upon the resources of
the new Territory has all the charm to the reader that his California report
had�察 �and its brilliant predictions will be as fully realized。 To Gray and
Emory is the country most indebted for the earliest and most important
discoveries。
The agricultural resources of Arizona�察�are sufficient to sustain a large
mining population�察�and afford abundant supplies for the great immigration
which will follow the development of its mineral resources。 The whole
valley of the Gila�察�more than four hundred miles in length�察�can be made
with proper exertion to yield plentiful crops。 The Pimos Indians�察�who live
in villages on the Gila�察 �one hundred and seventy miles from its mouth�察�
raise large crops of cotton�察�wheat�察�and corn�察�and have for years supplied
the thousands of emigrants who traverse the Territory en route to
California。 These Indians manufacture their cotton into blankets of fine
texture and beautiful pattern�察 �which command a high price。 They also
grind their corn and wheat�察�and make bread。 In fact�察�the Pimos realize in
their everyday life something of our ideas of Aztec civilization。 A town
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will probably grow up just above the Pimos villages�察�as there is a rich back
country�察�and the streams afford a valuable water power for running mills。
The valley of the Santa Cruz traverses the territory from South to
North�察�sinking near the town of Tueson�察�and probably finding its way to
the Gila�察�as a subterranean stream。 This valley�察�of the richest land�察�is about
one hundred miles long�察�in many places of great width�察�and has on each
side of it many rich valleys of limited extent�察�watered by streams from the
mountains�察�which flow into the Santa Cruz。 The valleys and Ranches of
Arivaca�察�Sopori�察�Calabazas�察�and Tueson�察�are those at present most thickly
settled。 These produce all the fruits known to a Southern climegrapes�察�
wheat�察 �corn�察 �and cotton in great abundance。 The San Pedro river and
valley is also one of great richness�察 �and is reported by Lieut。 Parke as
capable of sustaining a large population。 The Valle de Sauz�察 �still farther
East�察 �more limited than the San Pedro or Santa Cruz�察 �can be made
available for a considerable population。 The Mimbres River also can�察�by a
small outlay�察 �be made to irrigate a large surface and supply a moderate
settlement。 The various springs laid down by Gray�察 �Emory�察 �Parke�察 �and
Bartlett�察�will all afford water for small settlements�察�and their supply can be
much increased by a judicious outlay of money。 The Rio Grande valley is
very rich�察�and in places of great width。 The Mesilla valley already contains
a population of about five thousand souls�察 �and there is ample room for
many more。
If�察�as proposed�察�the Northern boundary of the Arizona Territory should
enclose the Northern branches of the Gila�察�an agricultural region will be
opened to settlement sufficient in itself to sustain the population of an
immense agricultural State。 Col。 Bonneville�察�who is now at the head of a
large force exploring this region�察�writes to the Secretary of War that it is
the finest country he has ever seen�察 �valleys capable of sustaining a
population of twenty thousand each�察�teeming at every step with evidences
of an immense population long ago´and an ancient and superior
civilization。; The Hon。 John R。 Bartlett says of the ;Salinas�察─�one of the
Northern branches of the Gila�察 �that it alone will supply food for a great
State。 It must be recollected�察 �in this connection�察 �that the great mineral
wealth of Arizona will call for and amply repay for the redemption and
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expensive cultivation of all the available lands�察 �and that irrigation
produces immensely greater crops than the other method of planting。
Throughout the whole of Utah�察 �irrigation has been resorted to with the
greatest success。 The soil in Utah�察�in no place that the writer saw it�察�could
in any way be compared to that of the bottom lands of Arizona。
Captain Whipple in his valuable report of exploration for the Pacific
Railroad�察 �published by order of Congress�察 �crossed the upper part of the
region alluded to�察�and which is watered by the Rio Verde and Salinas。 He
fully sustains me in my remarks on those rich valleys。
;We are in the pleasantest region we have seen since leaving the
Choctaw country。 Here are clear rivulets�察 �with fertile valleys and forest
trees。 The wide belt of country that borders the Black Forest�察�and probably
extends along the Rio Verde to the Salinas and Gila�察�bears every indication
of being able to support a large agricultural and pastoral population。 The
valley of the Rio Verde is magnificently wooded with furs and oaks�察�
affording excellent timber。 Ancient ruins are said by trappers to be
scattered over its whole length to the confluence with the Salinas。 We�察�
therefore�察�seem to have skirted the boundary of a country once populous�察�
and worthy of becoming so again。 Besides the advantages already
enumerated�察 �the mountains in this vicinity bear indications of mineral
wealth。 Vol。 3�察�p。 93。;
The notes before referred to�察�in the possession of the writer�察�speak of
great farming and grazing establishments scattered over the whole face of
the Territory�察�between 1610 and 1800�察�which produced abundant crops of
cereals�察 �fruits�察 �and grapes。 These statements are confirmed by the
testimony of Major Emory and his report�察�where he enumerates several of
the most extensiveby Gray�察�Bartlett�察�Parke�察�and Col。 Bonneville。 Many
of the Ranches�察 �deserted by the Mexicans on account of the Apache
Indians�察�have upon them large�察�well´built adobe houses which must have
cost the builders thousands of dollars。 Many of these have been occupied
under squatter titles by emigrants within the last few years。 Of others�察�only
the ruins remain�察�having been destroyed by the depredations of the Indians�察�
or by the heavy rains of the succeeding years。
The greater portion of these lands on the Santa Cruz and San Pedro are
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covered by Mexican titles´ �and many of these again by squatter claims。 It
is absolutely necessary that Congress should by some wise and speedy
legislation settle�察�upon some definite basis�察�the land titles of Arizona。 Until
this is done�察�disorder and anarchy will reign supreme over the country。 The
present condition of California is in a great degree to be attributed to the
want of any title to the most valuable real property in the State�察�and the
millions which have been spent in fruitless litigation should teach a lesson
of great practical value。 Let those Spanish grants and Mexican titles which
have been occupied in good faith be affirmed in the most expeditious and