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heavy�察�cumbrous�察�blind�察�mechanical forces of society�察�and who does 

not recognise dynamic force when he meets it either in a man or a 

movement。



People thought it dreadful of me to have entertained at dinner the 

evil things of life�察�and to have found pleasure in their company。  

But then�察�from the point of view through which I�察�as an artist in 

life�察�approach them they were delightfully suggestive and 

stimulating。  The danger was half the excitement。 。 。 。 My business 

as an artist was with Ariel。  I set myself to wrestle with Caliban。 

。 。 。



A great friend of mine ´ a friend of ten years' standing ´ came to 

see me some time ago�察�and told me that he did not believe a single 

word of what was said against me�察�and wished me to know that he 

considered me quite innocent�察�and the victim of a hideous plot。  I 

burst into tears at what he said�察�and told him that while there was 

much amongst the definite charges that was quite untrue and 

transferred to me by revolting malice�察�still that my life had been 

full of perverse pleasures�察�and that unless he accepted that as a 

fact about me and realised it to the full I could not possibly be 

friends with him any more�察�or ever be in his company。  It was a 

terrible shock to him�察�but we are friends�察�and I have not got his 

friendship on false pretences。



Emotional forces�察�as I say somewhere in INTENTIONS�察�are as limited 

in extent and duration as the forces of physical energy。  The 

little cup that is made to hold so much can hold so much and no 

more�察�though all the purple vats of Burgundy be filled with wine to 

the brim�察�and the treaders stand knee´deep in the gathered grapes 

of the stony vineyards of Spain。  There is no error more common 

than that of thinking that those who are the causes or occasions of 

great tragedies share in the feelings suitable to the tragic mood�此 �

no error more fatal than expecting it of them。  The martyr in his 

'shirt of flame' may be looking on the face of God�察�but to him who 

is piling the faggots or loosening the logs for the blast the whole 

scene is no more than the slaying of an ox is to the butcher�察�or 

the felling of a tree to the charcoal burner in the forest�察�or the 

fall of a flower to one who is mowing down the grass with a scythe。  

Great passions are for the great of soul�察�and great events can be 

seen only by those who are on a level with them。



* * * * *



I know of nothing in all drama more incomparable from the point of 

view of art�察�nothing more suggestive in its subtlety of 

observation�察�than Shakespeare's drawing of Rosencrantz and 

Guildenstern。  They are Hamlet's college friends。  They have been 

his companions。  They bring with them memories of pleasant days 

together。  At the moment when they come across him in the play he 

is staggering under the weight of a burden intolerable to one of 

his temperament。  The dead have come armed out of the grave to 

impose on him a mission at once too great and too mean for him。  He 

is a dreamer�察�and he is called upon to act。  He has the nature of 

the poet�察�and he is asked to grapple with the common complexity of 

cause and effect�察�with life in its practical realisation�察�of which 

he knows nothing�察�not with life in its ideal essence�察�of which he 

knows so much。  He has no conception of what to do�察�and his folly 

is to feign folly。  Brutus used madness as a cloak to conceal the 

sword of his purpose�察�the dagger of his will�察�but the Hamlet 

madness is a mere mask for the hiding of weakness。  In the making 

of fancies and jests he sees a chance of delay。  He keeps playing 

with action as an artist plays with a theory。  He makes himself the 

spy of his proper actions�察�and listening to his own words knows 

them to be but 'words�察�words�察�words。'  Instead of trying to be the 

hero of his own history�察�he seeks to be the spectator of his own 

tragedy。  He disbelieves in everything�察�including himself�察�and yet 

his doubt helps him not�察�as it comes not from scepticism but from a 

divided will。



Of all this Guildenstern and Rosencrantz realise nothing。  They bow 

and smirk and smile�察�and what the one says the other echoes with 

sickliest intonation。  When�察�at last�察�by means of the play within 

the play�察�and the puppets in their dalliance�察�Hamlet 'catches the 

conscience' of the King�察�and drives the wretched man in terror from 

his throne�察�Guildenstern and Rosencrantz see no more in his conduct 

than a rather painful breach of Court etiquette。  That is as far as 

they can attain to in 'the contemplation of the spectacle of life 

with appropriate emotions。'  They are close to his very secret and 

know nothing of it。  Nor would there be any use in telling them。  

They are the little cups that can hold so much and no more。  

Towards the close it is suggested that�察�caught in a cunning spring 

set for another�察�they have met�察�or may meet�察�with a violent and 

sudden death。  But a tragic ending of this kind�察�though touched by 

Hamlet's humour with something of the surprise and justice of 

comedy�察�is really not for such as they。  They never die。  Horatio�察�

who in order to 'report Hamlet and his cause aright to the 

unsatisfied��'





'Absents him from felicity a while�察�

And in this harsh world draws his breath in pain��'



dies�察�but Guildenstern and Rosencrantz are as immortal as Angelo 

and Tartuffe�察�and should rank with them。  They are what modern life 

has contributed to the antique ideal of friendship。  He who writes 

a new DE AMICITIA must find a niche for them�察�and praise them in 

Tusculan prose。  They are types fixed for all time。  To censure 

them would show 'a lack of appreciation。'  They are merely out of 

their sphere�此 �that is all。  In sublimity of soul there is no 

contagion。  High thoughts and high emotions are by their very 

existence isolated。





I am to be released�察�if all goes well with me�察�towards the end of 

May�察�and hope to go at once to some little sea´side village abroad 

with R´ and M´。



The sea�察�as Euripides says in one of his plays about Iphigeneia�察�

washes away the stains and wounds of the world。



I hope to be at least a month with my friends�察�and to gain peace 

and balance�察�and a less troubled heart�察�and a sweeter mood。  I have 

a strange longing for the great simple primeval things�察�such as the 

sea�察�to me no less of a mother than the Earth。  It seems to me that 

we all look at Nature too much�察�and live with her too little。  I 

discern great sanity in the Greek attitude。  They never chattered 

about sunsets�察�or discussed whether the shadows on the grass were 

really mauve or not。  But they saw that the sea was for the 

swimmer�察�and the sand for the feet of the runner。  They loved the 

trees for the shadow that they cast�察�and the forest for its silence 

at noon。  The vineyard´dresser wreathed his hair with ivy that he 

might keep off the rays of the sun as he stooped over the young 

shoots�察�and for the artist and the athlete�察�the two types that 

Greece gave us�察�they plaited with garlands the leaves of the bitter 

laurel and of the wild parsley�察�which else had been of no service 

to men。



We call ours a utilitarian age�察�and we do not know the uses of any 

single thing。  We have forgotten that water can cleanse�察�and fire 

purify�察�and that the Earth is mother to us all。  As a consequence 

our art is of the moon and plays with shadows�察�while Greek art is 

of the sun and deals directly with things。  I feel sure that in 

elemental forces there is purification�察�and I want to go back to 

them and live in their presence。



Of course to one so modern as I am�察�'Enfant de mon siecle��' merely 

to look at the world will be always lovely。  I tremble with 

pleasure when I think that on the very day of my leaving prison 

both the laburnum and the lilac will be blooming in the gardens�察�

and that I shall see the wind stir into restless beauty the swaying 

gold of the one�察�and make the other toss the pal

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