心理学与生活-第112章
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Maxmen； J。 S。； & Ward； N。 G。 （I 995）。 Essential Psychopathology and Its Treatment； 2nd Ed。 New
York： W。 W。 Norton & Co。 May be considered as a “panion” volume to DSM…IV； in that it
explains DSM…IV； presents its diagnostic categories and illuminates them； as well as
providing treatment guidelines and case vignettes。
Robinson； D。 （1996）。 Wild Beasts & Idle Humours： The Insanity Defense from Antiquity to the Present。
Cambridge； Harvard University Press。 Documents the uses and abuses of the insanity
defense from antiquity to the present。
Rosenhan； D。 I。 （1973）。 On Being Sane in Insane Places。 Science； 179； 250…258。 This article details
Rosenhan’s classic study of the danger of labeling people as “mentally ill；” and mental health
professionals’ over reliance on stereotypic symptoms。
Rosenhan； D。； & Seligman； M。 （1995）。 Abnormal Psychology； 3rd Ed。 New York： W。 W。 Norton。 The
definitions； history； and major schools of thought and treatment of abnormality are presented
first。 Then； each of the major disorders—their description； their causes； and their
treatments—is laid out in light of the peting schools of thought。 An excellent
introductory text。
Seligman； M。 （1995）。 The Effectiveness of Psychotherapy： The Consumer Reports Study。 American
Psychologist； 50（12）； 965…974。 Reports on a large…scale survey that suggests that psychotherapy
produces significant positive change。
Spitzer； R。 L。； Skodoe； A。 E。； Gibbon； M。； & Williams； J。 B。 W。 （1981）。 DSM…III Casebook： A Learning
panion to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders； 3rd Ed Washington； D
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C： American Psychological Association。 Contains a series of descriptive vignettes； based on
actual patients； followed by a rationale for the diagnostic category used for that person。 This
book is a treasure of good examples for lecture。
Szasz； T。 （1974）。 The Myth of Mental Illness： Foundations of a Theory of Personal Conduct； （Rev Ed）。
New York： Harper & Row。 Posits that what is termed “mental illness” is； in fact； behavior
disapproved of by the speaker…a stigmatizing moral judgment； not a medical diagnosis。 A
classic text that articulates a fascinating alternative to the dominant view of mental illness。
DISCOVERING PSYCHOLOGY
PROGRAM 21： PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
Overview
The major types of mental illness； including schizophrenia； anxiety； and affective and bipolar
disorders； and the major factors that influence them； both biological and psychological。
Key Issues
Mistreatment of mentally ill patients in psychiatric hospitals； biological versus psychological
study of schizophrenia； the role of genetics in mental disorders； genetic study of
schizophrenic and healthy twins； SPECT analysis； and cultural factors in psychopathology。
Interviews
David Rosenhan details his dehumanizing treatment at a psychiatric hospital after he was
admitted as a patient during an experiment on the perception of mental illness。
Fuller Torrey pares schizophrenia to other biological diseases。
Psychologist Hans Strupp examines the role of early childhood behavior in the development
of schizophrenia。
Irving Gottesman and Torrey Fuller examine the biological and genetic basis of
schizophrenia though NM and SPECT analysis。
Native American psychologist Teresa LaFramboise examines the psychological consequences
of the clash between Native American and generic American cultures。
PROGRAM 22： PSYCHOTHERAPY
Overview
The relationship among theory； research； and practice； and how treatment of psychological
disorders has been influenced by historical； cultural； and social forces。
Key Issues
Psychosurgery； electroconvulsive therapy； drug therapy； genetic counseling； psychodynamic
therapy； rational emotive therapy； behavioral modification therapy； humanistic therapy。
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CHAPTER 15： PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
Archival Demonstrations
A therapist uses fear reduction strategy to help a young boy overe his fear of dentists。
Another therapist trains a young girl to control her epileptic seizures。
Actual therapy session with a girl who fears dating。
Interviews
Hans Strupp explains the kinds of patients most suited for psychodynamic therapy。 （10：30）
Enrico Jones explains his problems in selecting the most effective therapy for various people
and their various disorders。
Cognitive therapist Albert Ellis explains how to treat patients’ irrational attributes； false
beliefs； and expectations of failure through rational emotive therapy。
Humanistic therapist Rollo May discusses therapy for “normal” people seeking greater
fulfillment。
FILMS AND VIDEOS
Depression： The Dark Side of the Blues （1986）。 BARR； 25 minutes
Offers an illuminating perspective of the nation’s number one mental health problem。 Clinical
depression is a life…threatening disease that affects persons from all occupations。 People who are
seriously depressed are profiled； and mentary reveals probable causes and available
treatments。 Symptoms and effects of depression are detailed and hope； through early recognition
treatment； is offered。
Dreams So Real： Three Men’s Stories （1981）。 IFMIJ； 28 minutes
bines the words and animated films made by three outpatients from a munity mental
health center。 Struggling to make a transition back into the munity； these men are striking in
their nonconformity to the stereotypes expected of mental health patients。 A great film for
sensitizing students to the needs and pain of mental health patients。
The Mind Depression （1988）。 NCAIARR； 24 minutes
Profiles people with bipolar disorders； showing the grandiose delusions that often acpany
the manic phase。 Contrasts the normal cycle of emotions with the unpredictable swings of bipolar
disorders。 Interviews one family in which the grandmother； father； and several children all suffer
from depression； speculates that their depression is biologically caused； and depicts the
suspected genetic basis of bipolar disorders。 Focuses on people who perform well with the help
of antidepressant drugs； including one young M。D。 Describes the benefits of talking therapy in
conjunction with drug therapy。
The Mind of a Serial Killer （1993）。 FFHS； 60 minutes
This program goes behind the scenes to give the real story behind the FBI unit popularized in The
Silence of the Lambs。 Using a detailed psychological profile； the unit helps the Rochester； New
York； police department catch a notorious serial killer that targeted prostitutes。 This NOVA
program is part of the WGBH collection。
Neurotic Behavior： A Psychodynamic View （1973）。 CRW； 19 minutes
Illustrates the neurotic behavior and classical defense mechanisms of Peter； a college student。 A
psychodynamic approach to behavior is used to analyze Peter’s life as he experiences anxiety；
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repression； rationalization； displacement； and finally phobias and obsessive…pulsive neurosis
in reaction to the psychological trauma induced by his mother during early training。 Although
the use of the term “neurosis” is outdated according to the DSM…IV； the film provides clear
examples of phobic and obsessive…pulsive disorders。
One Man’s Madness （1974）。 IUTFF； 32 minutes
Documentary of a writer who became a bipolar depressive （bipolar depression was previously
referred to as manic…depression）。 Swinging in mood from ecstasy to severe depression； his
symptoms of alienation and withdrawal are shown both at home and in the hospital setting。
The Scandal of Psychiatric Hospitals： When the Goal Is Insurance Reimbursement （1993）。
FFHS； 52 minutes
At the same time that mentally ill patients are being discharged into the streets because their
insurance benefits have expired； healthy Americans are being locked up in mental hospitals
while the hospital draws their insurance。 This shocking program reveals some of these abuses。 It
shows how one group of hospitals herded up patients and； in a cynical and sadistic way； held
healthy Americans hostage； it also shows how bona fide psychiatrists are tempted or
