心理学与生活-第118章
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would channel this passion into medical school training； earning his M。D。 in 1948 at the
University of Witwatersand。 He worked as a lecturer in psychiatry for the next ten years。 After
being increasingly dissatisfied with Freudian psychoanalysis； Wolpe turned to the empirical
works of Ivan Pavlov； with which he had bee familiar as a medical student
During the late 1940s； influenced by the theories and research of Clark Hull； Wolpe conducted
experiments on “reciprocal inhibition；” in which cats were “cured” of experimentally induced
neuroses。 Based on these findings； Wolpe developed a therapeutic practice； resulting in the
publication of the classic book Psychotherapy by Reciprocal Inhibition （1958）。 In 1960； he came to the
United States； establishing himself as the foremost proponent of behavior therapy。
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CHAPTER 16： THERAPIES FOR PERSONAL CHANGE
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READINGS
Bergin； A。； & Garfield； S。 （1994）。 Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change； 4th Ed。 New York：
John Wiley & Sons。 This handbook is a reference for students； researchers； and practitioners
on a variety of aspects of psychotherapy and behavior change。
Crowder； A。 （1995）。 Opening the Door： A Treatment Model for Therapy with Male Survivors of Sexual
Abuse。 New York： Brunner/Mazel Publishers。 Presents a model for treatment that is tailored
to the male victim—a much…needed addition to a field that has female…as…norm for its model。
Garfield； S。 L。； & Bergin； A。 E。 （1986）。 Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change。 New York：
Wiley。 A standard reference book on psychotherapy。 Covers the history and conceptual
foundations as well as current descriptions of various therapies。
Henggeler； S。 W。； & Borduin； C。 M。 （1990）。 Family Therapy and Beyond。 A Multisystemic Approach to
Treating the Behavior Problem of Children and Adults。 Pacific Grove； CA： Brooks/Cole。
Addresses a variety of significant issues relative to children and adolescents； to include
parent…child difficulties； difficult peer relations； delinquent behavior； and chemical
dependency。
Ivey； A。 E。 （1986）。 Developmental Therapy： Theory into Practice。 The Jossey…Bass Social and
Behavioral Science Series。 San Francisco： Jossey…Bass。 Drawing on the works of Piaget and
Erikson； Ivey offers examples of how the cognitive and developmental levels of the child are
taken into account when designing an appropriate treatment model。
Maxmen； J。 S。 & Ward； N。 G。 （1995）。 Essential Psychopathology and Its Treatment； 2nd Ed。 Revised
for DSM…IV。 Not only does this volume orient readers in terms of DSM…IV； it also provides
much needed information on childhood disorders and sleep disorders。
Minuchin； S。 （1974）。 Families and Family Therapy。 Cambridge； MA： Harvard University Press。
Although an older volume； this book provides an excellent introduction to systems theory； as
applied to the family therapy situation。 Provides transcripts of actual family therapy sessions；
with the author’s mentary on the processes。
Rogers； C。 R。 （1961）。 On Being a Person。 Boston： Houghton Mifflin。 Rogers’ perspective on the
potential of the human being for growth and creativity。
Shapiro； F。； & Forrest； M。 （1997）。 EMDR： The Breakthrough Therapy for Overing Anxiety； Stress；
and Trauma。 New York： Basic Books。 EMDR （Eye Movement Desensitization and
Reprocessing） is the innovative clinical treatment that has helped individuals who have
survived trauma…including sexual abuse； domestic violence； drive…by shooting； bat； and
crime。
Smith； M。 L。； Glass； G。 V。； & Miller； R。 L。 （1980）。 The Benefits of Psychotherapy。 Baltimore； MD：
Johns Hopkins University Press。 The authors argue that psychotherapy works； as indicated
by a meta…analysis of published studies。
Valenstein； E。 S。 （1986）。 Great and Desperate Cures： The Rise and Decline of Psychosurgery and Other
Radical Treatments for Mental Illness。 New York： Basic Books。 An interesting description of
various approaches to treating emotional problems。
Walker； L。 E。 A。 （1994）。 Abused Women and Survivor Therapy。 Washington； DC： American
Psychological Association。 A blend of theory； research； and practical application for the
therapist and attorney working with the abused woman。 Walker has provided an excellent
resource for those working with this segment of the population。
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PSYCHOLOGY AND LIFE
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CHAPTER 16： THERAPIES FOR PERSONAL CHANGE
Wedding； D。； & Corsini； R。 J。 （Eds。）。 （1979）。 Great Cases in Psychotherapy。 Itasca； IL： Peacock。 A
collection of case histories drawn from cases treated by great psychotherapists and theorists。
Contributions are drawn from a variety of contemporary modes of therapy。
Whitaker； C。 A。 （1989）。 Midnight Musings of a Family Therapist。 Edited by M。 R。 Ryan。 New York：
W。 W。 Norton。 Family therapist Whitaker addresses the integrity of the family system； the
marital partnership； and dialectics of the “happy” family。
Wolpe； J。 （1990）。 The Practice of Behavior Therapy； 4th Ed。 New York： Pergamon。 Deals with the
history and research foundations of behavior therapy； as well as the practice of behavior
analysis； specific techniques； case studies； and methods of evaluating the effectiveness of
behavior therapy。
DISCOVERING PSYCHOLOGY
PROGRAM 22： PSYCHOTHERAPY
Overview
The relationship among theory； research； and practice； and how treatment of psychological
disorders has been influenced by historical； cultural； and social forces。
Key Issues
Psychosurgery； electroconvulsive therapy； drug therapy； genetic counseling； psychodynamic
therapy； rational emotive therapy； behavioral modification therapy； humanistic therapy。
Archival Demonstrations
A therapist uses fear reduction strategy to help a young boy overe his fear of dentists。
Another therapist trains a young girl to control her epileptic seizures。
Actual therapy session with a girl who fears dating。
Interviews
Hans Strupp explains the kinds of patients most suited for psychodynamic therapy。
Enrico Jones explains his problems in selecting the most effective therapy for various people
and their various disorders。
Cognitive therapist Albert Ellis explains how to treat patients’ irrational attributes； false
beliefs； and expectations of failure through rational emotive therapy。
Humanistic therapist Rollo May discusses therapy for “normal” people seeking greater
fulfillment。
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PSYCHOLOGY AND LIFE
FILMS AND VIDEOS
Abnormal Psychology： The Psychoses （1980）。 HARR； 22 minutes
This film is a tour of a ward in a mental institution in which the patients are interviewed。 It is an
introduction to the etiology of psychosis； treatment； and prognosis。
Anyplace But Here； Parts 1 and 2 （1978）。 IU （CARSL）； 50 minutes
Examines the problems that result when mental patients are released into munities
unprepared to treat and accept them and lacking facilities to help them return to useful lives。 A
look at life inside Creedmore Psychiatric Center in Queens； New York。 Reveals the dissatisfaction
of patients； staff； and relatives with myriad problems of budgets； paperwork； and bureaucracy。
Biofeedback： Medical Applications of Psycho…Physiologic Self…Regulation （1987）。 Insight
Media； 54 minutes
This program reviews treatment procedures from both the patient’s and the therapist’s
perspectives。 It describes the rationale for the self…regulation process； presenting cases involving
self…regulation training for hypertension； migraine； chronic back pain； anxiety； and posttraumatic
rehabilitation。
Carl Rogers Conducts an Encounter Group （1975）。 JEMC UCI； 70 minutes
Rogers is shown interacting with a group and its individual members。 He also discusses factors
that he considers important in facilitating a group。 “Words from the Master。”
Childhood Aggression： A Social Learning Approach to Family Therapy （1974）。 JREPR； 30
minutes
Gerald Patterson’s approach to behavioral intervention in family therapy is demonstrated…an
older film； but still worthwhile。
The Class That Went to War （1997）。 CRM； 35 minutes
An estimated 40
