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lays of ancient rome(硬袋瀧圭了)-及10嫗

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spit�察  �When   young   and   old   in   circle        Around   the   firebrands   close�察�

When the girls are weaving baskets�察                �And the lads are shaping bows�察�



                                            LXX 



     When   the   goodman   mends   his   armor�察            �And   trims   his   helmet's 

plume�察�When the goodwife's shuttle merrily                     Goes flashing through 

the   loom�察  �With   weeping   and   with   laughter           Still   is   the   story   told�察�

How well Horatius kept the bridge                  In the brave days of old。 



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                                        Lays of Ancient Rome 



           The Battle of the Lake Regillus 



       The following poem is supposed to have been produced about ninety 

years   after   the   lay   of   Horatius。   Some   persons   mentioned   in   the   lay   of 

Horatius make their appearance again�察�and some appellations and epithets 

used in the lay of Horatius have been purposely repeated�此�for�察�in an age of 

ballad´poetry�察�it scarcely ever fails to happen�察�that certain phrases come to 

be   appropriated   to   certain   men   and   things�察  �and   are   regularly   applied   to 

those     men    and   things    by   every    minstrel。    Thus    we   find�察  �both    in  the 

Homeric poems and in Hesiod�察。�several examples of common phrases�察�in 

Greek�А� Thus�察 �too�察 �in   our own   national songs�察 �Douglas   is   almost   always 

the doughty Douglas�察�England is merry England�察�all the gold is red�察�and 

all the ladies are gay。 

     The principal distinction between the lay of Horatius and the lay of the 

Lake Regillus is that the former is meant to be purely Roman�察�while the 

latter�察�though national in its general spirit�察�has a slight tincture of Greek 

learning   and   of   Greek   superstition。   The   story   of   the   Tarquins�察  �as   it   has 

come   down   to      us�察  �appears   to   have   been   compiled   from   the   works   of 

several   popular   poets�察  �and   one�察  �at   least�察  �of   those   poets   appears   to   have 

visited   the   Greek   colonies   in   Italy�察  �if   not   Greece   itself�察  �and   to   have   had 

some acquaintance with the works of Homer and Herodotus。 Many of the 

most striking adventures of the House of Tarquin�察�before Lucretia makes 

her    appearance�察     �have   a  Greek     character。    The   Tarquins     themselves      are 

represented   as   Corinthian   nobles   of   the   great   House   of   the   Bacchiad*�察�

driven   from   their   country   by   the   tyranny   of   that   Cypselus�察  �the   tale   of 

whose strange escape Herodotus has related with incomparable simplicity 

and   liveliness。   Livy   and   Dionysius   tell   us   that�察  �when   Tarquin   the   Proud 

was   asked   what   was   the   best   mode   of   governing   a   conquered   city�察  �he 

replied only  by  beating  down with   his   staff  all the  tallest   poppies   in his 

garden。 This is exactly what Herodotus�察�in the passage to which reference 

has already been made�察�relates of the counsel given to Periander�察�the son 

of Cypselus。 The stratagem by which the town of Gabii is brought under 

the power of the Tarquins is�察�again�察�obviously copied from Herodotus。 The 

embassy of the young Tarquins to the oracle at Delphi is just such a story 



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as would be told by a poet whose head was full of the Greek mythology�察�

and the ambiguous answer returned by Apollo is in the exact style of the 

prophecies   which�察  �according   to   Herodotus�察 �lured   Croesus   to   destruction。 

Then   the   character   of   the   narrative   changes。   From   the   first   mention   of 

Lucretia   to   the   retreat   of   Porsena   nothing   seems   to   be   borrowed   from 

foreign   sources。   The   villainy   of   Sextus�察  �the   suicide   of   his   victim�察  �the 

revolution�察  �the   death   of   the   sons   of   Brutus�察  �the   defence   of   the   bridge�察�

Musius burning his hand�察�Cloelia swimming through Tiber�察�seem to be all 

strictly Roman。 But when we have done with the Tuscan wars�察�and enter 

upon the war with the Latines�察�we are again struck by the Greek air of the 

story。 The Battle of the Lake Regillus is in all respects a Homeric battle�察�

except that the combatants ride astride on their horses�察�instead of driving 

chariots。 The mass of fighting men is hardly mentioned。 The leaders single 

each other out�察�and engage hand to hand。 The great object of the warriors 

on   both   sides   is�察  �as   in   the   Iliad�察  �to   obtain   possession   of   the   spoils   and 

bodies of the slain�察�and several circumstances are related which forcibly 

remind      us  of   the  great   slaughter     round    the   corpses    of  Sarpedon      and 

Patroclus。 

     But there is one circumstance which deserves especial notice。 Both the 

war of Troy and the war of Regillus were caused by the licentious passions 

of young princes�察�who were therefore peculiarly bound not to be sparing 

of their own persons on the day of battle。 Now the conduct of Sextus at 

Regillus�察  �as   described   by   Livy�察  �so      exactly   resembles   that   of   Paris�察  �as 

described at the beginning of the third book of the Iliad�察�that it is difficult 

to   believe   the   resemblance   accidental。   Paris   appears   before   the   Trojan 

ranks�察�defying the bravest Greek to encounter him�此�

                3     lines    from      the    Iliad�察   �in    Greek�察    �probably       those 

translated by             Pope as�此�

                。。。  to   the van�察  �before the  sons   of   fame               Whom Troy 

sent forth�察�the beauteous Paris came�此�

     Livy     introduces     Sextus     in  a  similar    manner�此      �`Ferocem      juvenem 

Tarquinium�察  �ostentantem  se   in   prima   exsulum  acie。''   Menelaus   rushes   to 

meet Paris。 A Roman noble�察�eager for vengeance�察�spurs his horse towards 

Sextus。 Both the guilty princes are instantly terror´stricken�此�



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                3 more lines in Greek�察�Pope's translation being�此�

                。。。��Menelaus�А     �approaching       near�察               �The     beauteous 

champion views with marks of fear�察                       �Smit with a conscious sense�察�

retires behind�察              �And shuns the fate he well deserv'd to find。 

     ``Tarquinius��'' says Livy�察 �`retro in agmen suorum infenso cessit hosti。'' 

If this be a fortuitous coincidence�察�it is also one of the most extraordinary 

in literature。 

     In   the   following   poem�察    �therefore�察   �images   and   incidents   have      been 

borrowed�察      �not   merely     without     scruple�察   �but   on    principle�察   �from    the 

incomparable battle´pieces of Homer。 

     The popular belief at Rome�察�from an early period�察�seems to have been 

that   the   event   of   the   great   day   of   Regillus   was   decided   by   supernatural 

agency。 Castor and Pollux�察�it was said�察�had fought armed and mounted�察�at 

the head of the legions of the commonwealth�察�and had afterwards carried 

the news of the victory with incredible speed to the city。 The well in the 

Forum at which they had alighted was pointed out。 Near the well rose their 

ancient   temple。  A   great   festival   was   kept   to   their   honor   on   the   Ides   of 

Quintilis�察  �supposed   to   be   the   anniversary   of   the   battle�察  �and   on   that   day 

sumptuous sacrifices were offered to them at the public charge。 One spot 

on   the   margin   of   Lake   Regillus   was   regarded   during   many   ages   with 

superstitious      awe。   A   mark�察   �resembling      in  shape    a  horse's    hoof�察  �was 

discernible in the volcanic rock�察�and this mark

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