最新大学英语四级考试精品阅读120篇-第7章
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A。 is a sad symbol of our general bewilderment
B。 will soon be over； because times are bound to change
C。 is of interest mostly to Harvard men and their friends
D。 will influence future life in America
Vocabulary
1。paradox n。 似非而是的论点；似非而可能是的隽语；自相矛盾的话
2。sanctuary n。 避难所
3。clapboard n。 隔板，墙板，桶板
4。distinguished adj。 卓著的，著名的，高贵的
5。partisanship n。 党派性，党派偏见
6。disinterested adj。 无私的
7。impair v。 削弱，伤害
8。militant adj。 好战的，战斗性的
9。be bound to 一定要……
长难句解析
①【解析】此句由两个并列的句子组成，“apart from…”做第一个句子“sanctuary”的补语。
【译文】哈佛或其它一些大学应当是一个智力的避难所，远离当今的政治和社会变革；还应当是政治和社会变革的一块实验基地，或者甚至是革命的一部发动机呢？
②【解析】两个“the moment”引导的句子做此句的时间状语从句。
【译文】显然，当大学处于政治和私有企业的控制下，或者他们自己从事政治和政府的领导时，他们作为独立和公正判断的价值观将会收到伤害。
③【解析】这个长句由三个句子组成，“but”引导了一个转折句，“and”引导了一个并列句。be bound to“肯定会，必定”。
【译文】他们甚至不清楚应当怎样讨论和解决他们的问题，但是他们每个人正在奋斗，并且哈佛大学议论的结果必定影响20世纪90年代美国的大学和政治生活。
答案与详解
【短文大意】本文主要讲述哈佛大学正面临的一个重要的争论，即一所大学应当是什么样的，现在的大学是否是符合标准的，哈佛大学应当远离政治和社会，还是作为政治和社会的一块实验田。
1。C细节题。文章第三段实际上已经告诉我们本文要讨论的议题。选项C提到的观点是“大学应该保持独立”这一论点的对立面，属议题范围之内。
2。B细节题。根据文章末段，Harvard’s men of today seem more troubled and less sure about personal； political and academic purpose than they did at the beginning。 可知正确选项为B。
3。D词汇题。从第四段我们可以猜出paradox是“自相矛盾”的意思。因此选项D正确。
4。C词汇题。意为：“Sanctuary”就是你可躲起来避过灾祸的地方。在中世纪一般是某些教堂或者修道院可以充当躲避任何政府惩罚的避难所，所以A、B两项也是与它词义有一点关联的，D关系最小。
5。D观点题。根据文章末尾，and how they come out is bound to influence American university and political life in the 1990’s。 作者认为在哈佛的争论的结果一定会影响美国的大学和政治生活。本题中的ferment意为“骚动，纷扰”，指的就是文章所说的争论。因此D符合作者的观点。
第一篇 人文篇Passage 9
Passage 9建议用时：7分钟From：To：
Sex prejudices are based on and justified by the ideology that biology is destiny。 According to this ideology； basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes。 These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life。 Women are the weaker sexboth physically and emotionally。 Thus； they are naturally suited much more so than men； to the performance of domestic duties。 A woman’s place； under normal circumstances； is within the protective environment of the home。 Nature has determined that women play care…taker roles； such as wife and mother and homemaker。 On the other hand men are best suited to go out into the competitive world of work and politics； where serious responsibilities must be taken on。 Men are to be the providers； women and children are “dependents”。
The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex。 It is thus appropriate for women； not men； to be employed as nurses； social workers； elementary school teachers； household helpers； and clerks and secretaries。 These positions are simply an extension of women’s domestic role。 『Informal distinctions between “women’s work” and “men’s work” in the labor force； according to the ideology； are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes。』①
Finally； the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way。 For the human species to survive over time； its members must regularly reproduce。 Thus； women must； whether at home or in the labor force； make the most of their physical appearance。 So goes the ideology。 It is； of course； not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sex…defined roles in social life。 There is ample evidence that sex roles vary from society to society； and those role differences that do exist are largely learned。
『But to the degree people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature intended for men and women to make different contributions to society； sex…defined roles will be seen as totally acceptable。』②
1。 Women’s place； some people think； is the protective environment of the home because 。
A。 women can provide better care for the children
B。 women are too weak to do any agricultural work at all
C。 women are biologically suited to domestic jobs
D。 women can not compete with men in any field
2。 According to the author； sex roles 。
A。 are socially determined
B。 are emotionally and physically determined
C。 can only be determined by what education people take
D。 are biologically and psychologically determined
3。 The author points out that the assignments of women’s roles in work 。
A。 are determined by what they are better suited to
B。 grow out of their position inside the home
C。 reflect a basic difference between men and women
D。 are suitable to them； but not to men
4。 The author will probably agree with 。
A。 certain sociologists ’ prediction that woman are picking up more responsibility in the decades to come
B。 historian’s general denial of women’s contribution towards human thoughts
C。 Nietzsche’s contemplation about difference between sexes
D。 entrepreneurs favoring particular sex when hiring employee
5。 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？
A。 The division of sex…defined roles is completely unacceptable。
B。 Women’s roles in work is too limited at present。
C。 In one society； men might perform what is considered women’s duties by another。
D。 Some of the women’s roles in domestic duties can not be taken over by men。
Vocabulary
1。ideology n。 意识形态，思维方式
2。destiny n。 命运，定数
3。domestic adj。 家庭的，国内的
4。homemaker n。 家庭主妇
5petitive adj。 竞争的，竞争性的
6。elementary school 小学
7。informal adj。 非正式的，不拘礼节的
8。reflection n。 反映，反省，反射
9。ample adj。 充足的，丰富的长难句解析
①【解析】according to the ideology做插入语。
【译文】在劳动上男性工作和女性工作之间的非正式的区别，根据意识形态来说，只是性别之间基本差异的一个功能反映。
②【解析】两个“that”引导的句子同时作“believe”的宾语。
【译文】但是人们相信性别之间生理上的不同是个定数，大自然想要男人和女人分别对社会做出不同的贡献，那么性别角色也就是完全可以接受的了。
答案与详解
【短文大意】本文主要一方面讲述女人由于在生理上和心理上要比男人脆弱，因此她们适合于做一些具有保护性的工作，另一方面又讲述在社会生活中两性扮演不同的角色最根本的原因并不在他们生理和心理的差别上，而是由人的社会性决定的。
1。C细节题。根据文章第一段Women are the weaker sex … both physically and emotionally。 Thus； they are naturally suited much more so than men； to the performance of domestic duties。 A woman’s place； under normal circumstances； is within the protective environment of the home。 由于妇女在生理上和心理上都较男性弱，因此她们最适合做家务事，这样在通常情况下，家庭这个具有保护性的环境就成了妇女的活动空间。因此选项C正确。
2。A细节题。根据文章第三段It is； of course； not true that basic b
