the memorabilia(射廷瞳)-及21嫗
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!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
following remarks would prove instructive。;
Tell me ��said Socrates�察�addressing Critobulus���察�supposing we stood in
need of a good friend�察�how should we set about his discovery�拭�We must�察�in
the first place�察�I suppose�察�seek out one who is master of his appetites�察�not
under the dominion�察�that is�察�of his belly�察�not addicted to the wine´cup or to
lechery or sleep or idleness�察�since no one enslaved to such tyrants could
hope to do his duty either by himself or by his friends�察�could he�拭�
Certainly not ��Critobulus answered��。
Soc。 Do you agree�察�then�察�that we must hold aloof from every one so
dominated�拭�
Cri。 Most assuredly。
Well then ��proceeded Socrates���察�what shall we say of the spendthrift
who has lost his independence and is for ever begging of his neighbours�察�if
he gets anything out of them he cannot repay�察�but if he fails to get anything�察�
he hates you for not givingdo you not think that this man too would
prove but a disagreeable friend�拭�
Cri。 Certainly。
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Soc。 Then we must keep away from him too�拭�
Cri。 That we must。
Soc。 Well� �and what of the man whose strength lies in monetary
transactions�殖�2�А�His one craving is to amass money�察�and for that reason he
is an adept at driving a hard bargain��3��glad enough to take in�察�but loath
to pay out。
��2�А�Or�察 �the money´lender�拭�He has a passion for big money´bags。;
��3�А�Or�察 �hard in all his dealings。;
Cri。 In my opinion he will prove even a worse fellow than the last。
Soc。 Well� �and what of that other whose passion for money´making is
so absorbing that he has no leisure for anything else�察�save how he may add
to his gains�拭�
Cri。 Hold aloof from him�察�say I�察�since there is no good to be got out of
him or his society。
Soc。 Well� �what of the quarrelsome and factious person��4�А�whose main
object is to saddle his friends with a host of enemies�拭�
��4�А �The partisan。;
Cri。 For God's sake let us avoid him also。
Soc。 But now we will imagine a man exempt indeed from all the above
defectsa man who has no objection to receive kindnesses�察 �but it never
enters into his head to do a kindness in return。
Cri。 There will be no good in him either。 But�察�Socrates�察�what kind of
man shall we endeavour to make our friend�拭�what is he like�拭�
Soc。 I should say he must be just the converse of the above�此 �he has
control over the pleasures of the body�察�he is kindly disposed�撮�5�А�upright in
all his dealings�撮�6�А�very zealous is he not to be outdone in kindness by his
benefactors�察 �if only his friends may derive some profit from his
acquaintance。
��5�А�Reading ��eunous���察�or if ��euorkos���察�transl。 ;a man of his word。;
��6�А�Or�察 �easy to deal with。;
Cri。 But how are we to test these qualities�察 �Socrates�察 �before
acquaintance�拭�
Soc。 How do we test the merits of a sculptor��not by inferences drawn
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from the talk of the artist merely。 No�察 �we look to what he has already
achieved。 These former statues of his were nobly executed�察�and we trust he
will do equally well with the rest。
Cri。 You mean that if we find a man whose kindness to older friends is
established�察�we may take it as proved that he will treat his newer friends as
amiably�拭�
Soc。 Why�察�certainly�察�if I see a man who has shown skill in the handling
of horses previously�察 �I argue that he will handle others no less skilfully
again。
Cri。 Good� �and when we have discovered a man whose friendship is
worth having�察�how ought we to make him our friend�拭�
Soc。 First we ought to ascertain the will of Heaven whether it be
advisable to make him our friend。
Cri。 Well� �and how are we to effect the capture of this friend of our
choice�察�whom the gods approve�拭�will you tell me that�拭�
Not�察�in good sooth ��replied Socrates���察�by running him down like a hare�察�
nor by decoying him like a bird�察�or by force like a wild boar。��7�А�To capture
a friend against his will is a toilsome business�察�and to bind him in fetters
like a slave by no means easy。 Those who are so treated are apt to become
foes instead of friends。��8�А�
��7�А�Reading ��kaproi���察�al。 ��ekhthroi���察 �an enemy。;
��8�А�Or�察 �Hate rather than friendship is the outcome of these methods。;
Cri。 But how convert them into friends�拭�
Soc。 There are certain incantations�察 �we are told�察 �which those who
know them have only to utter�察�and they can make friends of whom they list�察�
and there are certain philtres also which those who have the secret of them
may administer to whom they like and win their love。
Cri。 From what source shall we learn them�拭�
Soc。 You need not go farther than Homer to learn that which the Sirens
sang to Odysseus�撮�9�А�the first words of which run�察�I think�察�as follows�此�
Hither�察�come hither�察�thou famous man�察�Odysseus�察�great glory of
the Achaeans� �
��9�А �Od。; xii。 184。
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Cri。 And did the magic words of this spell serve for all men alike�拭�Had
the Sirens only to utter this one incantation�察 �and was every listener
constrained to stay�拭�
Soc。 No�察�this was the incantation reserved for souls athirst for fame�察�of
virtue emulous。
Cri。 Which is as much as to say�察�we must suit the incantation to the
listener�察 �so that when he hears the words he shall not think that the
enchanter is laughing at him in his sleeve。 I cannot certainly conceive a
method better calculated to excite hatred and repulsion than to go to some
one who knows that he is small and ugly and a weakling�察�and to breathe in
his ears the flattering tale that he is beautiful and tall and stalwart。 But do
you know any other love´ charms�察�Socrates�拭�
Soc。 I cannot say that I do�察 �but I have heard that Pericles��10�А �was
skilled in not a few�察�which he poured into the ear of our city and won her
love。
��10�А�See above�察�I。 ii。 40�察 �Symp。; viii。 39。
Cri。 And how did Themistocles��11�А�win our city's love�拭�
��11�А�See below�察�III。 vi。 2�察�IV。 ii。 2。
Soc。 Ah�察�that was not by incantation at all。 What he did was to encircle
our city with an amulet of saving virtue。��12�А�
��12�А�See Herod。 vii。 143�察 �the wooden wall;�察�Thuc。 i。 93�察 �'the walls'
of Athens。;
Cri。 You would imply�察�Socrates�察�would you not�察�that if we want to win
the love of any good man we need to be good ourselves in speech and
action�拭�
And did you imagine ��replied Socrates�� that it was possible for a bad
man to make good friends�拭�
Cri。 Why�察 �I could fancy I had seen some sorry speech´monger who
was fast friends with a great and noble statesman�察 �or again�察 �some born
commander and general who was boon companion with fellows quite
incapable of generalship。��13�А�
��13�А �Or�察 �Why�察 �yes�察 �when I see some base orator fast friends with a
great leader of the people�察 �or�察 �again�察 �some fellow incapable of
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generalship a comrade to the greatest captains of his age。;
Soc。 But in referen