唄診窮徨慕 > 哂猟圻广窮徨慕 > the memorabilia(射廷瞳) >

及48嫗

the memorabilia(射廷瞳)-及48嫗

弌傍�� the memorabilia(射廷瞳) 忖方�� 耽匈4000忖

梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��
!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��




source of good�拭�

     Why�察    �bless   me�   �often   enough     ��replied   Socrates��。    In   the  event�察  �for 

instance�察  �of   some   ill´starred   expedition   or   of   some   disastrous   voyage   or 

other incident of the sort�察�of which veritably there are enough to spare 

when those who owing to their health and strength take a part in the affair 

are lost�察�whilst those who were left behindas hors de combat�察�on account 

of ill´health of other feeblenessare saved。 



                                                154 


´ Page 155´

                                         The Memorabilia 



     Euth。 Yes�察�you are right�察�but you will admit that there are advantages 

to be got from strength and lost through weakness。 

     Soc。    Even    so�察 �but   ought   we    to  regard   those   things   which     at  one 

moment benefit and at another moment injure us in any strict sense good 

rather than evil�拭�

     Euth。    No�察   �certainly   not�察  �according     to  that  line   of  argument。     But 

wisdom�撮�48�А�Socrates�察�you must on your side admit�察�is irrefragably a good�察�

since there is nothing which or in which a wise man would not do better 

than a fool。 

     ��48�А�See above�察�III。 ix。 5。 Here ��sophia�� is not = ��sophrosune��。 

     Soc。 What say  you�拭�Have   you never   heard of   Daedalus�撮�49�А�how  he 

was seized by Minos on account of his wisdom�察�and forced to be his slave�察�

and   robbed   of   fatherland   and   freedom   at   one   swoop�拭  �and   how�察  �while 

endeavouring to make his escape with his son�察�he caused the boy's death 

without effecting his own salvation�察�but was carried off among barbarians 

and again enslaved�拭�

     ��49�А  �See   Ovid。   ;Met。;   viii。   159    foll。�察  �261  foll。�察  �Hygin。   ;Fab。;   39�察�

40�察�Diod。 Sic。 iv。 79�察�Paus。 vii。 4。 6。 

     Yes�察�I know the old story ��he answered��。��50�А�

     ��50�А�Or�察 �Ah yes�察�of course�察�the tale is current。; 

     Soc。   Or   have   you   not   heard   of   the   ;woes   of   Palamedes�察┌�51�А  �that 

commonest   theme   of   song�察  �how   for   his   wisdom's   sake   Odysseus   envied 

him and slew him�拭�

     ��51�А�See Virg。 ;Aen。; ii。 90�察�Hygin。 105�察�Philostr。 ;Her。; x。 

     Euth。 That tale also is current。 

     Soc。 And how many others�察�pray�察�do you suppose have been seized on 

account of their wisdom�察�and despatched to the great king and at his court 

enslaved�殖�52�А�

     ��52�А�Cf。 Herod。 iii。 129。 

     Well�察   �prosperity�察   �well´being��53�А     。�he   exclaimed���察    �must    surely   be  a 

blessing�察�and that the most indisputable�察�Socrates�拭�

     ��53�А。�to eudaimonein���察 �happiness。; Cf。 Herod。 i。 86。 

     It might be so ��replied the philosopher�� if it chanced not to be in itself 



                                               155 


´ Page 156´

                                        The Memorabilia 



a compound of other questionable blessings。 

     Euth。 And which among the components of happiness and well´being 

can possibly be questionable�拭�

     None   ��he   retorted���察  �unless   of   course   we   are   to   include   among   these 

components beauty�察�or strength�察�or wealth�察�or reputation�察�or anything else 

of that kind�拭�

     Euth。 By  heaven�   �of   course   we   are   to   include these�察  �for   what   would 

happiness be without these�拭�

     Soc。 By heaven� �yes�察�only then we shall be including the commonest 

sources of mischief which befall mankind。 How many are ruined by their 

fair faces at the hand of admireres driven to distraction��54�А�by the sight of 

beauty in its bloom� �how many�察�tempted by their strength to essay deeds 

beyond their power�察�are involved in no small evils� �how many�察�rendered 

effeminate      by   reason   of   their  wealth�察   �have   been    plotted   against    and 

destroyed�。�55�А�how many through fame and political power have suffered 

a world of woe� �

     ��54�А�Cf。 Plat。 ;Rep。; vii。 517 D�察 �Phaedr。; 249 D。 

     ��55�А�e。g。 Alcibiades。 

     Well ��the youth replied�� if I am not even right in praising happiness�察�I 

must   confess   I   know   not   for   what   one   ought   to   supplicate   the   gods   in 

prayer。��56�А�

     ��56�А�See above for Socrates' own form of supplication。 

     Nay�察  �these   are   matters   ��proceeded   Socrates��   which   perhaps�察  �through 

excessive     confidence      in  your   knowledge      of  them�察  �you    have   failed   to 

examine   into�察  �but   since   the   state�察  �which   you   are   preparing   yourself   to 

direct�察   �is  democratically     constituted�撮�57�А    �of  course    you   know     what    a 

democracy is。 

     ��57�А�Or�察 �popularly governed。; 

     Euth。 I presume I do�察�decidedly。 

     Soc。 Well�察�now�察�is it possible to know what a popular state is without 

knowing who the people are�拭�

     Euth。 Certainly not。 

     Soc。 And whom do you consider to be the people�拭�



                                               156 


´ Page 157´

                                         The Memorabilia 



     Euth。 The poor citizens�察�I should say。 

     Soc。 Then you know who the poor are�察�of course�拭�

     Euth。 Of course I do。 

     Soc。 I presume you also know who the rich are�拭�

     Euth。 As certainly as I know who are the poor。 

     Soc。 Whom do you understand by poor and rich�拭�

     Euth。   By   poor   I   mean   those   who   have   not   enough   to   pay   for   their 

necessaries�撮�58�А�and   by  rich   those   who have  more   means   than sufficient 

for all their needs。 

     ��58�А  �Al。   ;who   cannot   contribute   their   necessary   quota   to   the   taxes 

��according to the census��。; 

     Soc。 Have you noticed that some who possess a mere pittance not only 

find this sufficient�察�but actually succeed in getting a surplus out of it�察�while 

others do not find a large fortune large enough�拭�

     I  have�察   �most   certainly�察  �and    I  thank   you   for  the  reminder     ��replied 

Euthydemus��。 One has heard of crowned heads and despotic rulers being 

driven by want to commit misdeeds like the veriest paupers。 

     Then�察�if that is how matters stand ��continued Socrates���察�we must class 

these same crowned heads with the commonalty�察�and some possessors of 

scant fortunes�察�provided they are good economists�察�with the wealthy�拭�

     Then Euthydemus�此�It is the poverty of my own wit which forces me to 

this admission。 I bethink me it is high time to keep silence altogether�察�a 

little more�察�and I shall be proved to know absolutely nothing。 And so he 

went   away  crestfallen�察  �in   an   agony   of   self´   contempt�察  �persuaded   that   he 

was verily and indeed no better than a slave。 

     Amongst   those   who   were   reduced   to   a   like   condition   by   Socrates�察�

many refused to come near him again�察�whom he for his part looked upon 

as dolts and dullards。��59�А�But Euthydemus had the wit to understand that�察�

in order   to   become   worthy  of   account�察  �his best plan   was   to   associate as 

much   as   possible   with   Socrates�察  �and   from   that   moment�察  �save   for   some 

necessity�察  �he   never   left   himin   some   points   even   imitating   him   in   his 

habits and pursuits。 Socrates�察�on his side�察�seeing that this was the young 

man's disposition�察�disturbed   him  as   little as   possible�察 �but in the  simplest 



                                               157 


´ Page 158´

                                          The Memorabilia 



and   plainest   manner   initiated   him   into   everything   which   he   held   to   be 

needful to know or important to practise。 

     ��59�А  �Or�察   �as   people   of   dull   intelligence   and   sluggish   temperament。; 

Cf。 Plat。 ;Gorg。; 488 A。 



                                                III 



     It may be inferred that Socrates was in no hurry for those who were 

with   him   to   discover   capacities   for   speech   and   action   or   as   inventive 

geniuses�撮�1�А�without at any rate a well´laid found

卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��1�� 家��2��

低辛嬬浪散議