±´¿Çµç×ÓÊé > Ó¢ÎÄÔ­Öøµç×ÓÊé > study of the king james bible(ÇÕÓ¡¡´Ê¥¾­¡µÑо¿) >

µÚ3ÕÂ

study of the king james bible(ÇÕÓ¡¡´Ê¥¾­¡µÑо¿)-µÚ3ÕÂ


°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡




men¡¡propose£»¡¡others¡¡oppose¡£¡¡They¡¡are¡¡built¡¡on¡¡those¡¡lines¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡We¡¡are¡¡more¡¡concerned¡¡with¡¡the¡¡men¡¡who¡¡made¡¡the¡¡versions£»¡¡but¡¡we¡¡

must¡¡think¡¡a¡¡moment¡¡of¡¡the¡¡others¡£¡¡One¡¡of¡¡his¡¡contemporaries£»¡¡Knighton£»¡¡

may¡¡speak¡¡for¡¡all¡¡in¡¡his¡¡saying¡¡of¡¡Wiclif£»¡¡that¡¡he¡¡had£»¡¡to¡¡be¡¡sure£»¡¡translated¡¡

the¡¡¡¡¡¡Gospel¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Anglic¡¡¡¡¡¡tongue£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡thereby¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡made¡¡

vulgar¡¡by¡¡him£»¡¡and¡¡more¡¡open¡¡to¡¡the¡¡reading¡¡of¡¡laymen¡¡and¡¡women¡¡than¡¡it¡¡

usually¡¡is¡¡to¡¡the¡¡knowledge¡¡of¡¡lettered¡¡and¡¡intelligent¡¡clergy£»¡¡and¡¡¡¨thus¡¡the¡¡

pearl¡¡is¡¡cast¡¡abroad¡¡and¡¡trodden¡¡under¡¡the¡¡feet¡¡of¡¡swine¡¨£»¡¡and£»¡¡that¡¡we¡¡may¡¡

not¡¡be¡¡in¡¡doubt¡¡who¡¡are¡¡the¡¡swine£»¡¡he¡¡adds£º¡¡¡¨The¡¡jewel¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Church¡¡is¡¡

turned¡¡into¡¡the¡¡common¡¡sport¡¡of¡¡the¡¡people¡£¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡two¡¡strong¡¡impulses¡¡drive¡¡thoughtful¡¡men¡¡to¡¡any¡¡effort¡¡that¡¡will¡¡

secure¡¡¡¡¡¡wide¡¡¡¡¡¡knowledge¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Bible¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡One¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡love¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Bible¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

their¡¡belief¡¡in¡¡it£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡other£»¡¡dominant¡¡then¡¡and¡¡now£»¡¡is¡¡a¡¡sense¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

need¡¡of¡¡their¡¡own¡¡time¡£¡¡It¡¡cannot¡¡be¡¡too¡¡strongly¡¡urged¡¡that¡¡the¡¡two¡¡great¡¡

pioneers¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡English¡¡¡¡¡¡Bible¡¡¡¡¡¡translation£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Wiclif¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Tindale£»¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡

century¡¡apart£»¡¡were¡¡chiefly¡¡moved¡¡to¡¡their¡¡work¡¡by¡¡social¡¡conditions¡£¡¡No¡¡

one¡¡could¡¡read¡¡the¡¡literature¡¡of¡¡the¡¡times¡¡of¡¡which¡¡we¡¡are¡¡speaking¡¡without¡¡

smiling¡¡at¡¡our¡¡assumption¡¡that¡¡we¡¡are¡¡the¡¡first¡¡who¡¡have¡¡cared¡¡for¡¡social¡¡

needs¡£¡¡We¡¡talk¡¡about¡¡the¡¡past¡¡as¡¡the¡¡age¡¡of¡¡the¡¡individual£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡present¡¡

as¡¡the¡¡social¡¡age¡£¡¡Our¡¡fathers£»¡¡we¡¡say£»¡¡cared¡¡only¡¡to¡¡be¡¡saved¡¡themselves£»¡¡

and¡¡had¡¡no¡¡concern¡¡for¡¡the¡¡evils¡¡of¡¡society¡£¡¡They¡¡believed¡¡in¡¡rescuing¡¡one¡¡

here¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡another¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡there£»¡¡¡¡¡¡while¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡come¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡see¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡wisdom¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

correcting¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡conditions¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡ruin¡¡¡¡¡¡men£»¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡¡¡saving¡¡¡¡¡¡men¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡mass¡£¡¡

There¡¡must¡¡be¡¡some¡¡basis¡¡of¡¡truth¡¡for¡¡that£»¡¡since¡¡we¡¡say¡¡it¡¡so¡¡confidently£»¡¡

but¡¡it¡¡can¡¡be¡¡much¡¡over¡­accented¡£¡¡There¡¡were¡¡many¡¡of¡¡our¡¡fathers£»¡¡and¡¡of¡¡

our¡¡grandfathers£»¡¡who¡¡were¡¡mightily¡¡concerned¡¡with¡¡the¡¡mass¡¡of¡¡people£»¡¡

and¡¡looked¡¡as¡¡carefully¡¡as¡¡we¡¡do¡¡for¡¡a¡¡corrective¡¡of¡¡social¡¡evils¡£¡¡Wiclif£»¡¡in¡¡

the¡¡late¡¡fourteenth¡¡century£»¡¡and¡¡Tindale£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡early¡¡sixteenth£»¡¡were¡¡two¡¡

such¡¡¡¡¡¡men¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡¡¡¡¡¡English¡¡¡¡¡¡translations¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Bible¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡fruits¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

social¡¡impulse¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Wiclif¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡impressed¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡chasm¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡growing¡¡¡¡¡¡between¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

church¡¡and¡¡the¡¡people£»¡¡and¡¡felt¡¡that¡¡a¡¡wider¡¡and¡¡fuller¡¡knowledge¡¡of¡¡the¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡8¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡9¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Study¡¡of¡¡the¡¡King¡¡James¡¡Bible¡¡



Bible¡¡would¡¡be¡¡helpful¡¡for¡¡the¡¡closing¡¡of¡¡the¡¡chasm¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡a¡¡familiar¡¡remark¡¡

of¡¡¡¡¡¡Miss¡¡¡¡¡¡Jane¡¡Addams¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡cure¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡evils¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡democracy¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡

democracy¡£¡¡Wiclif¡¡believed¡¡that¡¡the¡¡cure¡¡for¡¡the¡¡evils¡¡of¡¡religion¡¡is¡¡more¡¡

religion£»¡¡more¡¡intelligent¡¡religion¡£¡¡He¡¡found¡¡a¡¡considerable¡¡feeling¡¡that¡¡the¡¡

best¡¡things¡¡in¡¡religion¡¡ought¡¡to¡¡be¡¡kept¡¡from¡¡most¡¡people£»¡¡since¡¡they¡¡could¡¡

not¡¡be¡¡trusted¡¡to¡¡understand¡¡them¡£¡¡His¡¡own¡¡feeling¡¡was¡¡that¡¡the¡¡best¡¡things¡¡

in¡¡religion¡¡are¡¡exactly¡¡the¡¡things¡¡most¡¡people¡¡ought¡¡to¡¡know¡¡most¡¡about£»¡¡

that¡¡people¡¡had¡¡better¡¡handle¡¡the¡¡Bible¡¡carelessly£»¡¡mistakenly£»¡¡than¡¡be¡¡shut¡¡

out¡¡from¡¡it¡¡by¡¡any¡¡means¡¡whatever¡£¡¡We¡¡owe¡¡the¡¡first¡¡English¡¡translation¡¡to¡¡

a¡¡faith¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Bible¡¡is¡¡a¡¡book¡¡of¡¡emancipation¡¡for¡¡the¡¡mind¡¡and¡¡for¡¡the¡¡

political¡¡life¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡John¡¡Wiclif¡¡¡¡¡¡himself¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡scholar¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Oxford£»¡¡¡¡¡¡master¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡famous¡¡

Balliol¡¡College¡¡which¡¡has¡¡had¡¡such¡¡a¡¡list¡¡of¡¡distinguished¡¡masters¡£¡¡He¡¡was¡¡

an¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡adviser¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡Edward¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡III¡£¡¡¡¡Twenty¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡years¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡after¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡death¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡younger¡¡

contemporary¡¡£¨W¡£¡¡Thorpe£©¡¡said¡¡that¡¡¡¨he¡¡was¡¡considered¡¡by¡¡many¡¡to¡¡be¡¡the¡¡

most¡¡holy¡¡of¡¡all¡¡the¡¡men¡¡of¡¡his¡¡age¡£¡¡He¡¡was¡¡of¡¡emaciated¡¡frame£»¡¡spare£»¡¡and¡¡

well¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡nigh¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡destitute¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡strength¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡absolutely¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡blameless¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡his¡¡

conduct¡£¡¨¡¡And¡¡even¡¡that¡¡same¡¡Knighton¡¡who¡¡accused¡¡him¡¡of¡¡casting¡¡the¡¡

Church's¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡pearl¡¡¡¡¡¡before¡¡¡¡¡¡swine¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡says¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡philosophy¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨he¡¡¡¡¡¡came¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡be¡¡

reckoned¡¡inferior¡¡to¡¡none¡¡of¡¡his¡¡time¡£¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡it¡¡was¡¡not¡¡at¡¡Oxford¡¡that¡¡he¡¡came¡¡to¡¡know¡¡common¡¡life¡¡so¡¡well¡¡

and¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡sense¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡need¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡new¡¡¡¡¡¡social¡¡¡¡¡¡influence¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡¡¡¡¡came¡¡¡¡¡¡nearer¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡

when¡¡he¡¡was¡¡rector¡¡of¡¡the¡¡parish¡¡at¡¡Lutterworth¡£¡¡As¡¡scholar¡¡and¡¡rector¡¡he¡¡

set¡¡going¡¡the¡¡two¡¡great¡¡movements¡¡which¡¡leave¡¡his¡¡name¡¡in¡¡history¡£¡¡One¡¡

was¡¡his¡¡securing£»¡¡training£»¡¡and¡¡sending¡¡out¡¡a¡¡band¡¡of¡¡itinerant¡¡preachers¡¡or¡¡

¡¨poor¡¡priests¡¨¡¡to¡¡gather¡¡the¡¡people¡¡in¡¡fields¡¡and¡¡byways¡¡and¡¡to¡¡preach¡¡the¡¡

simple¡¡truths¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Christian¡¡religion¡£¡¡They¡¡were¡¡unpaid£»¡¡and¡¡lived¡¡by¡¡the¡¡

kindness¡¡of¡¡the¡¡common¡¡people¡£¡¡They¡¡came¡¡to¡¡be¡¡called¡¡Lollards£»¡¡though¡¡

the¡¡origin¡¡of¡¡the¡¡name¡¡is¡¡obscure¡£¡¡Their¡¡followers¡¡received¡¡the¡¡same¡¡name¡£¡¡

A¡¡few¡¡years¡¡after¡¡Wiclif's¡¡death¡¡an¡¡enemy¡¡bitterly¡¡observed¡¡that¡¡if¡¡you¡¡met¡¡

any¡¡two¡¡men¡¡one¡¡was¡¡sure¡¡to¡¡be¡¡a¡¡Lollard¡£¡¡It¡¡was¡¡the¡¡¡¨first¡¡time¡¡in¡¡English¡¡

history¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡appeal¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡made¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡people¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡instead¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡

scholars¡£¡¨¡¡Religion¡¡was¡¡to¡¡be¡¡made¡¡rather¡¡a¡¡matter¡¡of¡¡practical¡¡life¡¡than¡¡of¡¡

dogma¡¡or¡¡of¡¡ritual¡£¡¡The¡¡¡¨poor¡¡priests¡¨¡¡in¡¡their¡¡cheap¡¡brown¡¡robes¡¡became¡¡a¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡9¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡10¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Study¡¡of¡¡the¡¡King¡¡James¡¡Bible¡¡



mighty¡¡religious¡¡force£»¡¡and¡¡evoked¡¡opposition¡¡from¡¡the¡¡Church¡¡powers¡£¡¡A¡¡

generation¡¡after¡¡Wiclif's¡¡death¡¡they¡¡had¡¡become¡¡a¡¡mighty¡¡political¡¡force¡¡in¡¡

the¡¡¡¡¡¡controversy¡¡¡¡¡¡between¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡King¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Pope¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡As¡¡¡¡¡¡late¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡1521¡¡¡¡¡¡five¡¡

hundred¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Lollards¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡arrested¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡London¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡bishop¡££§1£§¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Wiclif's¡¡

purpose£»¡¡¡¡¡¡however£»¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡reach¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡help¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡common¡¡¡¡¡¡people¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

simpler£»¡¡and¡¡therefore¡¡the¡¡most¡¡fundamental£»¡¡truths¡¡of¡¡religion¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§1£§¡¡Muir£»¡¡Our¡¡Grand¡¡Old¡¡Bible£»¡¡p¡£¡¡14¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡other¡¡movement¡¡which¡¡marks¡¡Wiclif's¡¡name¡¡concerns¡¡us¡¡more£»¡¡

but¡¡it¡¡was¡¡connected¡¡with¡¡the¡¡first¡£¡¡He¡¡set¡¡out¡¡to¡¡give¡¡the¡¡common¡¡people¡¡

the¡¡full¡¡text¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Bible¡¡for¡¡their¡¡common¡¡use£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡encourage¡¡them¡¡not¡¡

only¡¡in¡¡reading¡¡it£»¡¡if¡¡already¡¡they¡¡could¡¡read£»¡¡but¡¡in¡¡learning¡¡to¡¡read¡¡that¡¡

they¡¡might¡¡read¡¡it¡£¡¡Tennyson¡¡compares¡¡the¡¡village¡¡of¡¡Lutterworth¡¡to¡¡that¡¡of¡¡

Bethlehem£»¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡ground¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡¡¡Christ£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Word¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡God£»¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡born¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡

Bethlehem£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡Word¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Life¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡born¡¡¡¡¡¡again¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡Lutterworth¡££§1£§¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡

translation¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Vulgate£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Wiclif¡¡¡¡¡¡probably¡¡¡¡¡¡did¡¡¡¡¡¡little¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

actual¡¡¡¡¡¡work¡¡himself£»¡¡¡¡¡¡yet¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡work¡£¡¡And¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡1382£»¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡five¡¡

centuries¡¡¡¡¡¡ago£»¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡appeared¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡first¡¡¡¡¡¡complete¡¡¡¡¡¡English¡¡¡¡¡¡version¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

Bible¡£¡¡Wiclif¡¡made¡¡it¡¡the¡¡people's¡¡Book£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡English¡¡people¡¡were¡¡the¡¡

first¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡modern¡¡¡¡¡¡nations¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡whom¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Bible¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡whole¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡given¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡

their¡¡own¡¡familiar¡¡tongue¡£¡¡Once¡¡it¡¡got¡¡into¡¡their¡¡hands¡¡they¡¡have¡¡never¡¡let¡¡

it¡¡be¡¡taken¡¡entirely¡¡away¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£§1£§¡¡¡¨Not¡¡least¡¡art¡¡thou£»¡¡thou¡¡little¡¡Bethlehem¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡Judah£»¡¡for¡¡in¡¡thee¡¡

the¡¡Lord¡¡was¡¡born£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Nor¡¡thou¡¡in¡¡Britain£»¡¡little¡¡Lutterworth£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Least£»¡¡for¡¡in¡¡

thee¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡word¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡born¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡again¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Sir¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡John¡¡

Oldcastle¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Of¡¡course£»¡¡all¡¡this¡¡was¡¡before¡¡the¡¡days¡¡of¡¡printing£»¡¡and¡¡copies¡¡were¡¡

made¡¡by¡¡hand¡¡only¡£¡¡Yet¡¡there¡¡were¡¡very¡¡many¡¡of¡¡them¡£¡¡One¡¡hundred¡¡and¡¡

fifty¡¡manuscripts£»¡¡in¡¡whole¡¡or¡¡in¡¡part£»¡¡are¡¡extant¡¡still£»¡¡a¡¡score¡¡of¡¡them¡¡of¡¡

the¡¡original¡¡version£»¡¡the¡¡others¡¡of¡¡the¡¡revision¡¡at¡¡once¡¡undertaken¡¡by¡¡John¡¡

Purvey£»¡¡Wiclif's¡¡disciple¡£¡¡The¡¡copies¡¡belonging¡¡to¡¡Edward¡¡VI¡£¡¡and¡¡Queen¡¡

Elizabeth¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡both¡¡¡¡¡¡still¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡existence£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡both¡¡¡¡¡¡show¡¡¡¡¡¡much¡¡¡¡¡¡use¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Twenty¡¡

years¡¡¡¡¡¡after¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡completed¡¡¡¡¡¡copies¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡counted¡¡¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡valuable£»¡¡¡¡¡¡though¡¡

they¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡¡¡numerous¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡uncommon¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡single¡¡¡¡¡¡complete¡¡

manuscript¡¡copy¡¡of¡¡

·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨3£© ²È£¨1£©

Äã¿ÉÄÜϲ»¶µÄ